The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, particularly to a nitrogen removal and phosphorus removal active biological carrier for sewage treatment, and a preparation method thereof, wherein the biological carrier comprises the following raw materials by weight: 65-75 parts of high-density polyethylene, 0.08-0.12 part of polyhydroxyl fatty amide, 0.5-0.9 part of compound enzyme, 5-15 parts of iron rust, 20-30 parts of modified Retinervus Luffae Fructus, and 8-12 parts of shell powder / zinc oxide hollow microspheres, wherein the preparation method of the shell powder / zincoxide hollow microspheres comprises: carrying out a microwave reaction on calcined shell powder and a metal zinc salt in a nitrogen atmosphere, spraying the obtained material into liquid nitrogen, andsolidifying. According to the present invention, the nitrogen removal and phosphorus removal effect is enhanced by using the modified Retinervus Luffae Fructus and the shell powder / zinc oxide hollowmicrospheres, and the surface is subjected to plasma treatment and immersion hydrophilic treatment, such that the product has characteristics of rapid film forming, good hydrophilicity, high biological activity and long service life.