609results about How to "Reduce pressure requirements" patented technology

The invention relates to a pretreatment method of wood fiber raw materials, which belongs to the technical field of biomass chemical engineering. The process comprises the following steps: carrying out the first-step treatment after the wood fiber raw materials are mixed with mixed liquid of an organic acid solution and catalysts to obtain a liquid-solid mixture; separating the obtained liquid-solid mixture to obtain pretreatment black liquid and cellulose solids; washing the obtained cellulose solids by the organic acid solution to obtain washing black liquid and cellulose solids; adopting diluted acid or alkali for carrying out the second-step treatment on the obtained cellulose solids; mixing the obtained pretreatment black liquid and the obtained black liquid to obtain mixed black liquid; circularly using the mixed black liquid in the first-step treatment process; and recovering organic acids, lignin products and syrup solutions from the black liquid in the cyclic use for at least three times. The invention has the advantages that the full-rate development of raw materials can be realized, in addition, the environment-friendly effect can be realized, and the invention conforms to the requirement of modern biorefinery development.

The present invention provides a drilling fluid composition and a method of drilling comprising a drilling fluid, which may be oil- or water-based, and a composite microsphere component. The invention drilling fluid composition advantageously reduces the density of a conventional fluid, reduces costs associated with pumping and overcomes problems associated with conventional gas-injection processes. The invention uses conventional drilling and pumping equipment, requires no sea-floor based pumps and may be easily pressure-controlled to maintain the pressure of the fluid.

A subsea drilling method and system for controlling the drilling fluid pressure, where drilling fluid is pumped down into the borehole through a drill string and returned back through the annulus between the drill string and the well bore. The drilling fluid pressure is controlled by draining drilling fluid out of the drilling riser (8) or BOP (6) at a level between the seabed and the sea water in order to adjust the hydrostatic head of drilling fluid. The drained drilling fluid and gas is separated in a subsea separator (28) where the gas is vented to surface through a vent line (39), and the fluid is pumped to surface via pump (40).

A vascular access device may include a gas chamber housed between a body and a septum, and a receptacle in communication with the gas chamber. A method of displacing gas in a medical device may include transferring gas between a gas chamber of a vascular access device and a receptacle housed within the vascular access device.

Filtration systems (40) utilize a pre-treatment method to cause scale formation to occur on particles (94) in the fluid stream (96) rather than on the filter surface and may also destroy microorganisms in the fluid stream. More specifically, but not limited to, a filtration device can be a filtration membrane, such as spiral wound filtration membrane (60), that utilizes an open feed spacer (80), such for example an embossed or printed pattern on the membrane, to create a thin feed spacer channel which replaces a conventional feed spacer mesh material. System (40) further utilizes a treatment device (54) to enable a pulsed power, magnetic, electro-magnetic, electro-static, or hydrodynamic fluid treatment scheme to condition particles in the fluid stream (96) such that scale forming elements precipitate (94) on to the particles in the fluid stream rather than on the filtration surfaces.

The invention relates to a method for stabilizing a car-trailer combination, including a towing vehicle and a trailer moved by the towing vehicle. The rolling motions of the towing vehicle are monitored to detect an actual or expected unstable driving performance of the towing vehicle or car-trailer combination. Measures are taken to stabilize the driving performance when an unstable driving performance is detected or expected. These measures may include decelerating the towing vehicle dependent upon the amplitudes of the rolling motions.

The invention discloses a lithium ion battery management system and a control method thereof, and comprises battery charge and discharge management scheduling, battery information communication and battery life assessment. Adding a battery cell in series or withdrawing the battery cell in a controlled manner is realized by utilizing a switch circuit. Data transmission between series battery cells is realized by utilizing hardware and software forwarding circuits. In a rated charge and discharge condition, through carrying out charge and discharge tests on a lithium ion battery repeatedly, recording charge and discharge times, and voltage curve and battery internal resistance of each charge and discharge operation, constructing a four-dimensional data table, and determining equivalent cycle times and present full charge capacity of the battery by utilizing an interpolation method, an equivalent cycle life of a battery pack is determined. According to the invention, energy transduction devices like an inductance capacitor are not needed, characteristics of batteries in a same battery pack tend to be consistent, a service life of the battery pack is prolonged, overpressure resistant requirements of each component are mitigated, a basic basis of estimating battery full charge capacity and accurate estimation of a battery life is established, and possibility of large scale interchangeability application is provided.

An apparatus and method for forming liquid spinning solution into a solid formed product whereby the solution is passed through at least one tubular passage (17) having walls formed at least partly of semipermeable and / or porous material. The semipermeable and / or porous material allows parameters, such as the concentration of hydrogen ions, water, salts and low molecular weight, of the liquid spinning solution to be altered as the spinning solution passes through the tubular passage(s).

By removing material of low permeability from within and around a perforation tunnel and creating at least one fracture at the tip of a perforation tunnel, injection parameters and effects such as outflow rate and, in the case of multiple perforation tunnels benefiting from such cleanup, distribution of injected fluids along a wellbore are enhanced. Following detonation of a charge carrier, a second explosive event is triggered within a freshly made tunnel, thereby substantially eliminating a crushed zone and improving the geometry and quality (and length) of the tunnel. In addition, this action creates substantially debris-free tunnels and relieves the residual stress cage, resulting in perforation tunnels that are highly conducive to injection under fracturing conditions for disposal and stimulation purposes, and that promote even coverage of injected fluids across the perforated interval.

The present invention relates to a filtration method, a filter-incorporated tip and a filtration device, and its object is to perform efficient and swift isolation of a target substance. The filtration method therefore comprises: a liquid introducing step to introduce a liquid into a filter-incorporated tip through a guide opening portion thereof, wherein the filter-incorporated tip has a nozzle-tipped container and a filter, the nozzle-tipped container has a guide opening portion that can be directly or indirectly fitted to an air nozzle capable of ejecting a gas and a front nozzle portion capable of delivering the liquid by the ejection of the gas from the air nozzle, and the filter is locked in the nozzle-tipped container to partition the interior of the nozzle-tipped container into the guide opening portion side and the front nozzle portion side and is adapted to temporarily hold the liquid and isolate a predetermined substance as the liquid passes through the filter, with the nozzle-tipped container coupled to the air nozzle on the guide opening portion side; a coupling step to directly or indirectly couple the filter-incorporated tip containing the liquid to the air nozzle; and a pressure application step to eject the gas from the air nozzle into the coupled filterincorporated tip.

A medical device having a frontal attachment and a connector housing having or attachable to an associated medical apparatus, the frontal attachment slidably engaging the connector housing and having a forwardly projecting, rearwardly biased needle and a needle retraction assembly, and the connector housing having a needle retraction cavity laterally offset from the needle in a first position, the needle retraction cavity being selectively movable relative to the frontal attachment following use to reposition the needle retraction cavity into alignment with the needle to permit retraction.

A material for use in a fused filament fabrication (FFF) printer comprises a polyaryletherketone (PAEK) having an amorphous morphology. In some embodiments, the material also includes a PAEK having a semi-crystalline morphology.

The invention relates to a pretreatment method of tobacco stem which is preheated through gas heat medium and is treated with microwaves in the gas heat medium environment and equipment which adopts the method. The tobacco stem which is required to be processed is treated: preheating the raw materials to be 100-170 DEG C; heating the gas heat medium to be 150-350 DEG C; mixing the tobacco stem and the gas heat medium and implementing the gas-solid separation after the microwave field action to obtain solid expanded tobacco stem which is treated completely. Then,granular expanded tobacco stem is obtained after the moisture regaining, the screening, the fine shearing, etc. The equipment includes a gas heat medium preheating mechanism, a microwave complex expansion treatment mechanism, etc. With the process and the equipment of the invention, the breakage during the expansion process is small; the pressure used by the process is close to the normal pressure; the pressure resistance requirement for the equipment is not high; the production process is simple and easy; the most fundament lies in that through the gas heat medium with low oxygen content used for preheating the tobacco stem, the evenness and the expansion ration of the tobacco stem and the aspiration quality of the tobacco stem materials are obviously improved.

A new method of improving the process of dewatering fine particulate materials is disclosed. In this method, an aqueous slurry of fine particles is treated with appropriate hydrophobizing reagents so that the particulate material becomes moderately hydrophobic with its water contact angle considerably below 90°. A low hydrophile-lipophile balance (HLB) number surfactant is then added to the slurry, so that the surfactant molecules adsorb on the moderately hydrophobic surface primarily by hydrophobic attraction and, thereby, increase its contact angle close to or above 90°. By virtue of the greatly enhanced hydrophobicity, the water molecules adhering to the surface are destabilized and removed more readily by a mechanical dewatering process. Any nonionic surfactant with its HLB number below about 15 may be used for the hydrophobicity enhancement. The surfactants may be used in conjunction with appropriate solvents such as light hydrocarbon oils and short-chain alcohols. The moisture reduction can be further improved by using appropriate electrolytes in conjunction with the low HLB surfactants, spraying surface tension lowering reagents onto the filter cake, subjecting the cake to a suitable vibratory means, and by using combinations thereof.

An axle driving apparatus having a housing having two members joined along a joint surface and a hydraulic axial piston pump and motor mounted on a center section located in the housing, wherein the pump and motor are mounted perpendicular to one another. The motor is engaged to a fixed thrust bearing located in the housing and the center section is located entirely between the joint surface and the thrust bearing.

The invention relates to an active power quality adjuster, consisting of a fundamental wave compensation part and a harmonic wave compensation part, and the two parts compensate fundamental current and harmonic current respectively. An H-bridge cascade multilevel inverter and a fundamental wave connection inductance are connected in series at the fundamental wave compensation part, so that reactive compensation and unbalanced load compensation can be dynamically carried out; the H-bridge cascade multilevel inverter and a unituning passive filter are connected in series to form the harmonic wave compensation part which is connected across the two ends of the fundamental wave connection inductance. Therefore, the power quality adjuster can lower switching frequency and loss of the H-bridge cascade multilevel inverter at the fundamental wave compensation part greatly on one hand, and only a fraction of fundamental current passes the harmonic wave compensation part and the whole part only undertakes fundamental voltage of the fundamental wave connection inductance without undertaking fundamental voltage on the other hand, thereby effectively reducing the capacity of the H-bridge inverter and the withstand voltage at the harmonic wave compensation part.

The invention provides a preparation method of graphene powder, relates to a preparation method of carbon structural materials, and solves the problem that the traditional preparation method of the graphene powder can not be easy to store and transport, simple in operation method, low in cost, continuous to produce and environment-friendly synchronously, and also solves the problem that the grapheme made by the present method has many defects and high energy consumption. The preparation method comprises the following steps: grinding and mixing to prepare the mixture powder of magnesium powder and carbonate powder; and burning and synthesizing the mixture powder, thus obtaining the graphene powder. The preparation method of the graphene powder provided by the invention has the advantages of being easy to store and transport, simple in operation method, low in cost, continuous to produce and environment-friendly; the prepared graphene powder is low in default, and is thinner; and the preparation method provided by the invention is suitable to be applied to industrially producing graphene.

A method for continuous microwave expansion of cut tobacco comprises the following steps: impregnating the cut tobacco in an expanding agent; recycling the expanding agent in an impregnating device after impregnation; carrying out microwave expansion on the impregnated cut tobacco by a microwave dryer to obtain the expanded cut tobacco. The expanded cut tobacco comprises one or more than two components of ethanol with 4-12 carbon atoms, ketone with 4-12 carbon atoms, halogenether with 2-12 carbon atoms, alkane with 3-12 carbon atoms or alkane with 3-12 carbon atoms substituted by 2 halogen atoms. The filling value of the expanded cut tobacco reaches above 7.5, the cutting ratio is above 90%, the moisture content after expansion is 12-13%, the expansion of the cut tobacco is even without water damaged cut tobacco; the whole set of devices has low energy consumption and high automation, and continuous closed mass production can be carried out.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a liquid fuel from biomass through a hydrogen-donor solvent. The method is as follows: under mild conditions, a proper catalyst and a hydrogen-donor solvent are used to directly perform liquefaction treatment on a biomass raw material without using hydrogen gas to produce high-quality fuel oil which can replace petroleum products. The method adopts the proper chemical reaction environment and solves the problems of the existing method that biomass can not be used to prepare oil in the physical environment of a large-scale industrial reactor through rapid pyrolysis; and by adopting the method provided by the invention, the reaction in the industrial equipment or experimental equipment has good repeatability, the technology is simple, the equipment configuration is less, the demand on pressure is lower than that of the high-pressure liquefaction technology, and hydrogen gas is not used for reaction. Thus, the method has wide application prospect in the development and utilization of biomass energy.

Water-cooling arrangement includes stator cage and cooling water channel. Cooling water channel in stator cage is arranged in axial direction inside stator cage in not helical round about manner. The cooling water channel can be as single circuitous water channel, or a combination formed from multiple circuitous water channels. Each pair of water channel possesses a cooling water outlet and a cooling water inlet. The cooling water outlet and a cooling water inlet can be arranged at axial same side of stator cage, or arranged at different sides. Water outlets and water inlets of multiple water channels can be arranged in same direction or in reversal directions. Circuitous water channels are in reversal directions can reduce temperature gradient at different parts of the stator cage further.

A device used for generating big particle diameter of airosol used in efficiency test of air filter is prepared for forming air-processing unit by air filter and flow meter as well as heater, forming an atomizing unit by solution bottle and nozzle, setting nozzle at top of drying tower, feeding dried clean air into drying tower at bottom of said tower, making atomized small solution drop be dried in falling down process to from solid aerosol by controlling pressure and flow rate of compressed air as well as concentration of different potassium chloride solutions.

The invention discloses a titanium alloy and stainless steel surface self-nanocrystallization diffusion welding craft; wherein, the same diameter titanium alloy and stainless steel rod are selected; the surface self-nanocrystallization of the end face of the welding terminal is processed; the constant temperature and constant pressure diffusion welding or the impact pressurizing diffusion welding are processed. The titanium alloy and stainless steel surface self-nanocrystallization diffusion welding craft has the advantages of raising the diffusion coefficient of the titanium alloy and stainless steel in the process of diffusion welding, shortening the welding time, raising the welding efficiency, reducing the thickness of intermetallic compounds layer, refining the joint crystalline grain, and raising the mechanical property of the diffusion welding joint of titanium alloy and stainless steel.

A high-altitude aircraft powerplant including an engine, a two-stage turbocharger having an intercooler and an aftercooler, a cryogenic hydrogen fuel source, and a cooling system including a hydrogen heat exchanger. Aided by a ram-air cooler that cools a coolant to a near-ambient temperature, the heat exchanger is configured to heat the hydrogen using the coolant, and to cool the coolant to a temperature well below the ambient temperature during high-altitude flight. The intercooler and aftercooler use the sub-ambient temperature coolant, as does a separate sensor. The ram-air cooler includes a front portion and a rear portion. The cooling system includes three cooling loops which respectively incorporate only the front portion, only the rear portion, and both portions of the ram-air cooler.

The invention uses liquefying enzyme ejecting method to produce low DE value malt dextrin, the invention refers to a kind of enzyme project manufacturing method of low DE value malt dextrin and the application. The invention uses core starch or indica rice powder as materials, uses the special device steam ejecting liquefying device and laminar current device, the product whose DE value is 2-6 is obtained through ejecting, thermal retardation and liquefying, enzyme eliminating process. The product with 5-6 DE value can be used in solid chrysanthemum flower essence beverage to replace 66% sugar powder and decrease 60% chrysanthemum extracting solution; the product with 2-3 DE value can be used in the production of gammon and icecream, the 50% aft in gammon and icecream can be replaced by malt dextrin, 30 g fat in gammon can be replaced with 6-7.5 g malt dextrin, 4 g fat in icecream can be replaced with 1 g malt dextrin. The invention fills the blank of low DE value malt dextrin in our country.

The invention relates to a combination of glass fiber infiltration agent, which comprises a film forming agent, a coupling agent and other promoters. The film forming agent is unsaturated and polyester type, and the unsaturated polyester is made into emulsion by emulsification, wherein, the unsaturated polyester is made from carboxyl sulfonate, polyol and polybasic acid by catalysis; the catalyst is titanate esters agent; the preparation technique includes the steps: 1 to 10 weight portions of carboxyl sulfonate and 50 to 150 weight portions of polyol react under the temperature of 150 to 200 DEG C; after being cooled, the obtained material is added with 40 to 95 weight portions of polybasic and titanate esters catalyst that is 0.05 to 1 percent of the mass of the film forming agent to react under the temperature of 160 to 230 DEG C; then the obtained material are cooled, crushed and made into emulsion; at last the emulsion is mixed with the coupling agent and other promoters to produce the infiltration agent. The invention has the advantages that: the unsaturated polyester emulsion is adopted as matrix and the sulfonate monomers with hydrophilicity is used for preparing the film forming agent, so the film forming agent has self-emulsifying function and can be dissolved in solution more easily; in addition, the titanate esters is employed as catalyst, which avoids the occurrence of polyester gel and better protects of glass fiber.

This patent describes a shuttered ink jet nozzle having a shutter located between the ink reservoir and an ink chamber so as to allow or restrict the flow of ink between the ink chamber and ink reservoir to thereby cause the ejection of ink from the. chamber, the shutter being actuated on demand. The shutter can an electromagnetic coil mechanism attracting a magnetic plate. The coil is anchored to a wafer and the magnetic plate is connected to a shutter plate and adapted to open and close over a series of shutter holes allowing fluid communication between the ink reservoir and the ink chamber. The actuator can include linear springs so as to amplify the travel of a shutter plate covering shutter holes upon activation of the actuator. The ink reservoir includes ink under an oscillating ink pressure which is ejected from the nozzle chamber when the shutters are in an open position. An array of ink jet nozzles can be constructed and grouped into phase groups and each phase group is activated in turn so as to reduce pressure requirements in an ink jet reservoir. The shutters can be used to cause ink to be ejected from the nozzle chamber, followed by leaving the shutter open during a subsequent high pressure period to allow rapid refill, followed by closing the shutter at the end of a high pressure cycle so as to restrict back flow of ink from the nozzle chamber to the ink reservoir.

A liquid crystal display is provided that includes: a first display panel including a thin film transistor and a plurality of pixel electrodes; a second display panel facing the first display panel with a cell gap therebetween; a lower resistive layer disposed on the first display panel; an upper resistive layer disposed on the second display panel; and a sensing spacer connecting the lower resistive layer and the upper resistive layer.