The invention relates to a tert-vinegar emulsion expansion-type fireproof paint and a preparation technology thereof. The expansion-type fireproof paint comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of deionized water, 0.1-0.2 parts of alkaloid, 0.3-0.6 parts of a RS610 wetting dispersant, 0.2-0.5 parts of hydroxyethyl cellulose, 0.2-0.5 parts of a DF681F antifoaming agent, 0.1-0.4 parts of a RS antiseptic, 0.2-0.4 parts of an AN130 PH conditioning agent, 0.2-0.4 parts of an A401 alkali swelling thickening agent, 2-3 parts of a film forming auxiliary agent, 8-10 parts of melamine MEL, 10-12 parts of pentaerythritol PER, 20-25 parts of ammonium polyphosphate APP, 3-6 parts of titanium dioxide, and 15-25 parts of a tert-vinegar emulsion. According to the invention, water is taken as a disperse medium, a lot of resource is saved, fire risk during construction is eliminated, atmosphere pollution is reduced, a few of hypotoxic alcohol and ether organic solvents is used, work environment condition is improved, the coating adhesion is strong, and the paint has good adaptability on surface of the material.