A coated lithium-rich manganese base material and a preparation method thereof relate to the field of lithium ion battery. A coated lithium-rich manganese base material for lithium ion battery anode material comprise chemical molecules of a coated layer Li (NiaMn2-a) O2 and a main phase Li[LixNiyCo1-x-y-z Mnz]O2. The preparation method comprises steps of: (a) preparing soluble nickel, cobalt and manganese salt into a mixed solution, and preparing soluble nickel and manganese salt into a mixed solution; (2) preparing an alkali solution; (3) adding the alkali solution and the mixed solution containing nickel, cobalt and manganese into a reaction kettle, stirring fiercely to obtain a coprecipitation, then pumping the mixed solution containing nickel and manganese salt and the alkali solution, and carrying out a co-precipitation reaction, aging, treatment by a centrifugal machine and drying to obtain a coated precursor M (OH)2 (M=Ni, Co, Mn); and (4) uniformly mixing the precursor with a lithium source, carrying out segment sintering, and then sieving to obtain the lithium-rich manganese base material. The invention provides a lithium ion battery anode material with good cycle performance, and the process has the advantages of simpleness, low production cost, short production cycle and stable product performance.