53results about How to "Increase dose rate" patented technology

An ion implantation device and a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device is described, wherein ionized boron hydride molecular clusters are implanted to form P-type transistor structures. For example, in the fabrication of Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) devices, the clusters are implanted to provide P-type doping for Source and Drain structures and for Polygates; these doping steps are critical to the formation of PMOS transistors. The molecular cluster ions have the chemical form BnHx+ and BnHx− where 10

The invention discloses a method for manufacturing ultrafine powder from polytetrafluoroethylene through irradiation cracking. The method is characterized in that polytetrafluoroethylene raw materials are dried; the dried polytetrafluoroethylene raw materials are subjected to low-temperature cold treatment by liquid nitrogen; the polytetrafluoroethylene raw materials subjected to the low-temperature treatment are crushed into powder materials with the particle diameter being 100-1000mum by a crushing machine; the powder materials are subjected to sealed package under the gas protection effect; the packed powder materials are placed into an electronic accelerator irradiation system for irradiation cracking; and the irradiated powder materials pass through an air flow crushing machine to be subjected to air flow crushing and grading, and the ultrafine polytetrafluoroethylene powder with the particle diameter reaching 0.2-3mum is obtained. The method has the characteristics that the preparation process is simple, the control is easy, the energy consumption is low, the process continuous degree is high, the product performance is stable, the prepared ultrafine polytetrafluoroethylene powder has the characteristics that the dispersibility is good, and the agglomeration cannot easily occur. The prepared ultrafine polytetrafluoroethylene powder can be widely applied to the fields of paint, ink, dray powder lubricating agents and space flight and aviation appliances, and the material performance is obviously improved.

An ion implantation device and a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device is described, wherein ionized carborane cluster ions are implanted into semiconductor substrates to perform doping of the substrate. The carborane cluster ions have the chemical form C2B10Hx+, C2B8Hx+ and C4B18Hx+and are formed from carborane cluster molecules of the form C2B10H12 ,C2B8H10 and C4B18H22 The use of such carborane molecular clusters results in higher doping concentrations at lower implant energy to provide high dose low energy implants. In accordance with one aspect of the invention, the carborane cluster molecules may be ionized by direct electron impact ionization or by way of a plasma.

The object of this invention is to provide a method for mitigating a stress corrosion cracking of reactor structural material which makes it possible to suppress the rise in the main steam line dose rate without secondary effects such as a rise in the concentration of radioactive cobalt-60, etc. in the reactor water. Hydrogen and a reductive nitrogen compound containing nitrogen having a negative oxidation number (for example, hydrazine) are injected into the core water of boiling water nuclear power plant. By injecting the reductive nitrogen compound containing nitrogen having a negative oxidation number into the core water, the stress corrosion cracking of structural material of reactor can be mitigated without side reactions such as a rise in the concentration of cobalt-60, etc.

The invention is directed to an x-ray device and method for radiation treatment comprising an x-ray source 1, a collimator 4 incorporating conditional optics, such as a capillary lens 3 for directing and focusing the x-ray radiation, and implantable needles. One or more capillary semilenses 16, 17 are positioned along the optical axis of the x-ray beam allow to form a movable focus by changing the distance between the semilenses. The input end of the collimator 4 is optically and mechanically conjugated with the x-ray source 1. The output end of the collimator is optically and mechanically conjugated with an originating end of the needle 5. At its output end is a transparent window 6 on which can repose a layer 13 that substantially absorbs and re-emits radiation which passes through the window 6.

A method and a device for supply of a dialyser in a dialysis unit with dialysis fluid is disclosed. At least one dialysis fluid concentrate is mixed with water to produce the dialysis fluid. The dialysis fluid concentrate is prepared in a reservoir unit in a given amount. A control and arithmetic unit calculates the dialysis fluid rate (Qd) such that, after a given treatment time (T<SB>B< / SB>) has passed, a given residual amount of dialysis fluid concentrate or no residual amount remains in the reservoir unit. It is preferable to empty the reservoir unit by the end of treatment.

A method of improving efficiency of solar cells made of crystalline silicon, including monocrystalline silicon, multicrystalline silicon and polycrystalline silicon is provided. In the method, a negative bias pulse is applied to solar cells at a predetermined voltage, a predetermined frequency, and a predetermined pulse width while immersing the solar cells in a hydrogen plasma. Hydrogen ions are attracted and quickly implanted into the solar cells. Thus, the passivation of crystal defects in the solar cells can be realized in a short period. Meanwhile, the properties of an antireflection layer cannot be damaged as proper operating parameters are used. Consequently, the serious resistance of the solar cells can be significantly reduced and the filling factor increases as a result. Further, the short-circuit current and the open-circuit voltage can be increased. Therefore, the efficiency can be enhanced.

The disclosure relates to systems and methods for interleaving operation of a standing wave linear accelerator (LINAC) for use in providing electrons of at least two different energy ranges, which can be contacted with x-ray targets to generate x-rays of at least two different energy ranges. The LINAC can be operated to output electrons at different energies by varying the power of the electromagnetic wave input to the LINAC, or by using a detunable side cavity which includes an activatable window.

This is a new technique in IMRT and 3D conformal gamma radiation dose delivery using a linear accelerator with no flattening filter. The technique improves patient radiation therapy by reducing radiation scattered to surrounding normal tissue and reducing electron contamination. It increases dose rate to shorten treatment time. Linear accelerators have for decades come with a photon flattening filter to make the photon profile of planar fluence to make the dose distribution more uniform. These filters, however, resulted in fluence attenuation and contamination of the beam. Now in the age of techniques such as intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) the function of the flattening filter becomes redundant. The flattening filter now merely reduces the efficiency of the beam by reducing the fluence and increasing scattered radiation. Our technique involves removal of the flattening filter for complex treatments. It uses inverse planning along with multi-leaf collimators to shape the dose distribution.

The operation control data about the component device constituting the synchrotron 13 are structured to include an initial acceleration control data item, a plural extraction control data items, a plural energy change control data items that connect the plural extraction control data items. The plural extraction control data items include extraction condition setting data items and extraction condition cancellation data items corresponding to the plural extraction control data items. As a result, a particle beam irradiation system capable of controlling changes in beam energy, updating operation cycle, and extracting beam in a short time can be provided.

A particle beam irradiation system having a multi-energy extraction control operation that controls the extraction beam energy in a synchrotron within a short time, such that when the ion beam irradiation is halted, an operating cycle is updated within a short time and a dose rate is improved. To this end, operating control data for each of the devices constituting the synchrotron is constructed by multi-energy extraction control pattern data for controlling extraction of beams of a plurality of energy levels at one operating cycle, and a plurality of sets of deceleration control data that correspond to the extraction control of the beam of the plurality of energy levels. The devices are controlled by using the operating control data.

A radiotherapy apparatus is described which includes a patient support, a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) apparatus for obtaining imaging data of a patient positioned on the patient support, and multiple linear accelerators, each aligned in a plane transverse to the patient support and arranged to provide a therapeutic beam of x-ray radiation to the patient.

An improved Electrohydrodynamic (EHD) nozzle particularly suitable for a handheld pulmonary aerosol inhaler increases the consistent and efficient dispensing of therapeutic liquids by reducing or eliminating wetting through shielding of discharge electrodes. Some versions further eliminate wetting while enhances neutralization of the aerosol through presentation of a corona wind of ions annularly surround the aerosol. Incorporation of improved liquid distribution with consistent pressure drops to each EHD nozzle tip allows horizontal dispensing, and by using dielectric nozzle tips with low surface energy to thereby avoid wicking between dispenses and to advantageously reduce achievable particle size when dispensing. Some versions feature enhanced snap-fit assembly and other manufacturability advantages. One of the unique features of the EHD nozzles is achieved high dose rate (microliters / minute) with low wetting and small particle size (1.0-5 microns), although these properties tend to be mutually exclusive. Furthermore, these attributes are incorporated into a conveniently small, handheld device.

An x-ray image detector suitable for radiology has an active matrix substrate with scanning and read-out circuits. Over this active matrix substrate, which can be a two dimensional array of TFTs associated with a storage capacitance, there is deposited a photoreceptor made of a thin layer of amorphous selenium based multilayer structure. The photoreceptor is covered with a light-transparent electrode on top of which there is provided a scintillator. The indices of refraction of the scintillator and of the selenium based multilayer may be matched with the use of the biasing electrode.

A control data about the devices constituting the synchrotron are formed by an initial acceleration control data item, a plural extraction control data items, a plural energy change control data items connecting the plural extraction control data items, and a plural deceleration control data items corresponding to the plural extraction control data items. An affected part position detection unit and an extraction permission determination unit are provided to determine whether the position of a marker shown in transparent image information is included within a beam irradiation permission range. If the marker position is found included, the extraction permission determination unit outputs to an interlock system an extraction permission determination signal permitting beam extraction.

The present invention includes a catheter for providing contrast under magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The catheter includes an elongated tubular member having a proximal end, a distal end and lumen. The catheter further includes a solution of saline and at least one contrast agent, where the solution is sealed within at least a portion of the catheter lumen.

This is a new technique in IMRT and 3D conformal gamma radiation dose delivery using a linear accelerator with no flattening filter. The technique improves patient radiation therapy by reducing radiation scattered to surrounding normal tissue and reducing electron contamination. It increases dose rate to shorten treatment time. Linear accelerators have for decades come with a photon flattening filter to make the photon profile of planar fluence to make the dose distribution more uniform. These filters, however, resulted in fluence attenuation and contamination of the beam. Now in the age of techniques such as intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) the function of the flattening filter becomes redundant. The flattening filter now merely reduces the efficiency of the beam by reducing the fluence and increasing scattered radiation. Our technique involves removal of the flattening filter for complex treatments. It uses inverse planning along with multi-leaf collimators to shape the dose distribution.

Systems and methods for low energy radiation x-ray radiation therapy system for use at a target within a cavity of a subject. In an aspect, the system uses an aperture shaping device used to shape the radiation beam from the low energy radiation source. In an aspect, the aperture shaping device includes a plurality of leaf assemblies which include leaves configured to form the aperture and engage the radiation beam. In an aspect, the present invention utilizes a geared mechanics approach to create an aperture using only one dial input. The design ensures that the field size of the collimator remains a constant shape as it is opened and closed. In an aspect, the overall size of the collimator may be scaled to accommodate various radiation therapy requirements.

In a method and an apparatus to generate an x-ray image from the focus region of a lithotripter using x-rays that pass through the focus region and device parts of the lithotripter, to control the dose of the x-rays, only an image region of the image field exposed by the x-rays, that lies outside of an area shadowed by these device parts, is evaluated.

A dual-mode rapidly-passing type moving target radiation inspection system comprises a radiation source, a collimator, sensor units, a control module, a radiation detector and a radiation imaging device, wherein the sensor units are used for identifying the type of a moving target and monitoring the position of the moving target in an inspection channel; the control module is used for controlling the radiation source to emit rays in a preset working mode on the basis of the type and the position of the moving target; the preset working mode corresponds to the type of the moving target, and the rays emitted by the radiation source in different working modes differ in dosage rate. Also disclosed is a dual-mode rapidly-passing type moving target radiation inspection method. The inspection system and method described above are capable of radiation inspection of the entire moving targets such as vehicles.