178results about How to "Rapid temperature change" patented technology

An instrument for performing highly accurate PCR employing a sample block in microtiter tray format. The sample block has local balance and local symmetry. A three zone film heater controlled by a computer and ramp cooling solenoid valves also controlled by the computer for gating coolant flow through the block controls the block temperature. Constant bias cooling is used for small changes. Sample temperature is calculated instead of measured. A platen deforms plastic caps to apply a minimum acceptable threshold force for seating the tubes and thermally isolates them. A cover isolates the block. The control software includes diagnostics. An install program tests and characterizes the instrument. A new user interface is used. Disposable, multipiece plastic microtiter trays to give individual freedom to sample tubes are taught.

A method for controlling operation of vehicle system including an internal combustion engine and a catalytic emission control device coupled in an exhaust of the engine, the method including delivering, which may include injecting into the exhaust, reductant to the emission control device responsive to vehicle operating conditions, and increasing emission control device inlet-NOx in response to reductant release from the emission control device.

An induction heating systems using a plurality of zones in a coil provides selective heating control for better uniformity especially for semiconductor and other thin film processing applications. By arranging the zones to have different resonance frequencies, the power supply may control the various zones by altering its frequency output. The power supply may also act to control the differential heating by switching among zones in conjunction with the frequency control, by sweeping through a variety of frequencies, by simultaneously providing power over different frequencies, by altering the residence time at each frequency, or by outputting different powers to each frequency or the like. Each zone may thus be tuned as appropriate to achieve the desired induction heating characteristic.

The invention relates to a quick variable temperature miniature thermostatic sample cell, which is made of metallic material, an opening is formed in the center of the metallic material and is used as a sample cavity, a light through hole is formed on a metallic shell along the center of the sample cavity, a transparent material is embedded in the light through hole, a Peltier temperature control element is glued on the non-light surface of the metallic material, a groove is arranged on the bottom of the metallic shell for laying aside a temperature sensor, the coat of the metal shell has a heat insulation outer frame, the center of a base connected with the bottom of the heat insulation outer frame is provided with a miniature motor, a small magnet is arranged at the edge of the leaf of a spiral leaf on the shaft of the motor, a stirring magneton is laid aside at the bottom in the sample cavity, the inner wall of the sample cavity and the outer faces of the sensor and the stirring magneton is carried on chemical inertia processing. The invention replaces the water heat conduction with the metal, and changes the system temperature with a thermo-element; the sensor directly observes the temperature of the sample, the heat conduction is speeded up by a miniature electromagnetic stirring system has accelerated; the invention is characterized in having small volume, accurate the temperature measurement, quick variable temperature, and good stability, etc, being able to be placed in analytical instrument such as spectrophotometer, etc., and realizing the quick variable temperature and the accurate thermostatic control of the temperature of the sample.

An electrical resistance heating element for a heating device, with at least one flow canal through which the gaseous medium is able to flow from a canal inlet side to a canal outlet side of the resistance heating element, and with at least one heating resistor that extends essentially in the direction of the flow canal, with the medium flowing past the heating resistor and being heated in the process. The heating resistor is rod-shaped and produced from an electrically conductive ceramic material. The electrical resistance heating element is intended for installation in a heating tube into which air, for example, is blown at one end. The heated flow of air exits from the other end of the heating tube.

A method for detecting and locating faults in an optical transmission path, and to an optical transmission system having such a functionality, is provided. By measuring the temporal change in the state of polarization SOP, external influences on a glass fiber cable of a long-haul transmission system, e.g., a WDM transmission system, may be detected. Such fault(s) may be localized with the aid of the relative arrival time of the polarization signal at both sides of a bidirectional transmission system.

The invention discloses a fast constant temperature microreactor. The fast constant temperature microreactor comprises a sample cell and at least one sample inlet and outlet arranged on the top of the sample cell, wherein the bottom of the sample cell is provided with an inert slab or a microfluidic chip, the top of the sample cell is provided with an inert thin layer, and a sample cell wall formed by a seal cushion is arranged between the inert slab and the inert thin layer; heatconducting blocks and temperature sensors are arranged on the inert thin layer, and the temperature sensors are covered in the heatconducting blocks; temperature control elements are arranged on the heatconducting blocks, and radiating blocks are arranged on the temperature control elements; the side walls of the heatconducting blocks and the side walls of the temperature control elements are covered by insulating housings; and the sample inlet and outlet of the sample cell is communicated with the outside by pipelines. The microreactor has compact size, can be used as a sample cell for a surface plasma resonator, a resonance light scattering apparatus and other analytical instruments to realize the fast temperature change and the accurate constant temperature control of samples in controlled elements, and can meet the operating requirement of high accuracy measurement on temperature-sensing biological samples.

The present invention relates to an air conditioner for vehicle including a front seat air conditioning unit and a rear seat air conditioning unit. The rear seat air conditioning unit has a rear seat air conditioning casing provided with a rear seat evaporator disposed in generally horizontal direction to air flow passages therein, with a rear seat heater core disposed over the rear seat evaporator, with vent outlets and floor outlets disposed on the upper and lower portions of the exit end thereof for discharging the air flowing from the air conditioner to the rear seats of the vehicle, with a rear seat partition wall adapted to divide the air flow passages into two areas, with rear seat temperature doors disposed between the rear seat evaporator and the rear seat heater core, for adjusting the temperatures of the divided areas by the rear seat partition wall, with rear seat mode doors disposed adjacent to the vent outlets and the floor outlets for controlling the degree of opening of the vent outlets and the floor outlets, and with a rear seat blower housed at one side thereof for blowing the air to the rear seat air conditioning casing.

The invention discloses a quick-type alternated cooling and heating device for simulating the reconstruction of a coal seam gas reservoir. A columnar core chamber, a confining-pressure loading cavity and an axial-pressure loading cavity are arranged in a core clamping device. A columnar hollow coal core is arranged in the columnar core chamber, and a heat and coldness resistant and glass-sealed cavity is arranged in the hollow coal core. The confining-pressure loading cavity and the axial-pressure loading cavity are both connected with an axial-pressure and confining-pressure loading system. A pipeline of a gas loading device of a hole permeability testing system is communicated with the columnar core chamber, and a pipeline of a gas collection device is sequentially connected with a flowmeter and the columnar core chamber. According to the quick-type alternated cooling and heating device for simulating the reconstruction of the coal seam gas reservoir, a microwave body is used for heating, liquid nitrogen is used for cooling, and the construction processes of deformation, displacement, generation, development and the like of coal internal hole fissures under the environment where high temperature and low temperature continuously change can be effectively simulated. Original seepage characteristics of the reservoir can be simulated through axial-pressure and confining-pressure loading. By providing quick temperature-changing construction with different frequencies and ranges, the sensitivity of the coal reservoir to temperature changing can be effectively tested, and experimental basis is provided for the field application of the temperature-changing construction of the reservoir.

A temperature-forcing system and method for controlling the temperature of an electronic device under test comprises a temperature-forcing head, including a face positionable in thermal contact with the device, and an evaporator, in direct or indirect thermal contact with the face; and a refrigerant circulation subsystem, including a compressor, a condenser, a flow control device for inducing a pressure drop in the refrigerant, and a conduit circuit through which the refrigerant is flowable. The subsystem cooperates with the evaporator so as to define at least one closed loop through which a corresponding bi-phase refrigerant is circulatable, so that, during circulation, the refrigerant is maintained in a liquid phase between the compressor and the flow control device and in a gaseous phase while flowing through the evaporator. The temperature of the device is therefore switchable by the head at a rapid rate of 50 to 150 degrees Celsius per minute.

Known infrared surface emitters comprise a carrier with a heating surface and with a conductor track applied to a conductor track covering surface of the carrier and consisting of an electroconductiveresistive material that generates heat as a current flows through, the conductor track comprising a first conductor track section for producing a first surface output and a second conductor track section for producing a second surface output different from the first surface output. The aim of the invention is to provide an infrared surface emitter with a high level of irradiation, designed to emit radiation with an irradiation strength that is as homogeneous as possible. To this end, the carrier contains a composite material comprising an amorphous matrix component and an additional componentin the form of a semiconductor material, and the first conductor track section and the second conductor track section are connected in series and differ from each other in terms of the covering density thereof and/or the conductor cross-section thereof.

The invention discloses a frequency-domain dielectric spectrum experimental system for a vehicle cable terminal under different temperature conditions. The frequency-domain dielectric spectrum experimental system is composed of a high-temperature heating simulation system, a low-temperature environment simulation system, a temperature control system and a frequency-domain dielectric spectrum test system; and the high-temperature heating simulation system is arranged in a cavity of the low-temperature environment simulation system, and the temperature control system and the frequency-domain dielectric spectrum test system are arranged outside the cavity of the low-temperature environment simulation system. On the basis of the experimental system, a provided experimental method can be used to simulate temperature change in a relatively wide range of the vehicle cable terminal and further conduct frequency-domain dielectric spectrum experiments of the vehicle cable terminal under the different temperature conditions, the economical and applicable performances are higher, and the system and method have significance in detecting and evaluating the insulation aging state of the vehicle cable terminal.

The invention provides a temperature tactile representation device with variable heat capacity, which is provided with a semiconductor cooler, a radiator, two temperature sensors and a measurement and control circuit, wherein the semiconductor cooler is used as a core of temperature control and hand perception, and consists of a P-N structure which is energized with direct current and is provided a cold end surface and a hot end surface; the radiator comprises a switch chamber with a cavity and a cooling liquid-gas two-path switching system, the cooling liquid switching system feeds cooling liquid to the cavity of the switch chamber by a cooling liquid groove via pipelines, and the switch chamber is communicated with the cooling liquid groove via a cooling liquid outlet pipeline; the gas path switching system switches air by an air inlet pipeline and an air outlet pipeline which are communicated with the cavity of the switch chamber; the pipelines of the cooling liquid-gas two-path switching system are respectively provided with an electromagnetic valve and a pump which are in connection with output control signal of the measurement and control circuit; the measurement and control circuit has a well-known power supply circuit, an analog-to-digital conversion circuit, a signal conditioning circuit and a control chip; and the two temperature sensors are respectively used for collecting temperatures of hand and the semiconductor cooler and outputs the temperatures to the measurement and control circuit.

A warpage angle measurement apparatus and a warpage angle measurement method are provided that can measure an angle of warpage of an optical disc and a cartridge for the optical disc caused by a rapid environmental change such as a temperature change or a humidity change in a short time. The warpage angle measurement apparatus 10 includes: a constant temperature chamber 22 for accommodating an optical recording medium 20 formed by mounting the optical disc 16 as an object to be measured in the cartridge 18 and for adjusting a surrounding of the optical recording medium 20 to have a predetermined environmental condition; a laser oscillator 24 for causing laser oscillation to emit laser light to the optical disc 16; and a light-receiving unit 26 for receiving the laser light reflected from the optical disc 16 and detecting a relative angle of an optical path L2 of the reflected laser light with respect to an optical path L1 of the emitted laser light.

Disclosed is a method for forming a multi-layered structure having at least two films on a semiconductor substrate. The substrate is disposed on a thermally conductible stage for supporting the substrate. After the distance between the stage and the substrate is adjusted to a first interval so that the substrate has a first temperature by heat transferred from the stage, a first thin film is formed on the substrate at the first temperature. The distance is then adjusted from the first interval to a second interval so that the substrate reaches a second temperature, and then a second thin film is formed on the first thin film at the second temperature, thereby forming the multi-layered structure on the substrate. The multi-layered structure can be employed for a gate insulation film or the dielectric film of a capacitor.

A composite truss structure employs a sandwich-in-sandwich construction in which a composite fluted core is sandwiched between two facesheets, and at least one structural foam stiffener is sandwiched within the core or between the facesheets and/or the core.

The invention relates to the technical field of aircraft testing, in particular to a complex curved surface structure extreme high-temperature thermal intensity experiment system for aerospace aircraft testing, which comprises a micro-aerobic environment control system and a multi-temperature-zone extreme high-temperature heating device arranged in the micro-aerobic environment control system and used for heating aircraft curved surface components, the loading device is arranged in the micro-aerobic environment control system and is used for applying a load to the aircraft curved part; the multi-temperature-zone extreme high-temperature heating device comprises a control connecting frame arranged in the gas sealing cabin body, a high-reflectivity heating cover arranged on the control connecting frame, a radiation heating device arranged on the inner wall of the high-reflectivity heating cover, and a cooling device arranged on the outer wall of the high-reflectivity heating cover; according to the device, the curved surface part of the aircraft can enter an extreme thermal field environment with high temperature change speed and high temperature peak value, and the thermal field change of the aircraft in a high-altitude ultrahigh-speed flight state can be really simulated.

A plurality of types of recording pulse control rules for which the recording pulse waveform is determined according to the information signals to be recorded are stored in advance in an optical disk. When recording to the optical disk, information is recorded using a recording pulse where, due to the focused laser beam, the temperature in the recording layer cools more rapidly at a second information recording layer closer to the side where light is incident than at a first information recording layer farther away from the side where light is incident.

The invention provides a detecting method for judging heating failure of an electric transmission line through an irreversible thermochromic material. The method comprises the steps of preparation of the irreversible thermochromic material, cleaning and drying of electrical equipment, coating and curing. Whether a short circuit happens to the electrical equipment or not is judged through the color changes of the irreversible thermochromic material. The irreversible thermochromic material is an environment-friendly product low in volatility and smell, has the advantages of being high in bonding strength, good in sun blocking and ageing resisting performance and the like, and is easy and convenient to operate, capable of being cured at normal temperature, high in bonding force and good in toughness. The temperature/color response speed is high, the advantages of being simple, fast, convenient, visual and the like are achieved, and the construction process is simple and convenient.

The invention relates to a chemical gas phase deposition method of integrating heating and depositing of silicon slices which comprises, placing the silicon chips on the electrode, vacuum-pumping, starting silicon chip micro area to heat controller power source, using silicon chips directly as heating arrangement, initializing silicon chip temperature, letting in or charging in reactant, reacting the reactants on silicon chip surface to obtain the product, using the silicon chip as substrate, and depositing the reaction product on silicon chip surface.

The invention discloses an unstructured grid structured processing method based on array plane propulsion, and aims to solve the problems that in the unstructured grid structured processing, the localdirection is irrelevant to the application problem, the orthogonality of the triangular unstructured grids is poor, and the calculated amount is larger. According to the technical scheme, the methodis characterized by generating a two-dimensional unstructured grid; defining and initializing a key element array and a local direction array of an unstructured grid unit according to an unstructuredgrid related data structure; and determining the key elements and local directions of the unstructured grids by adopting the array plane propulsion, and outputting a key element array and a local direction array to realize the unstructured grid structured processing. By adopting the method, the local directions of the two-dimensional triangular, quadrilateral or triangular-quadrilateral hybrid unstructured grid can be efficiently generated, the orthogonal performance of the local directions is improved, and one local direction is close to the normal direction of the wall surface, so that the precision of the temperature gradient of the rocket wall surface is effectively improved, and the redundant calculation of an exhaustion method is avoided.

A glossing device includes a heater member, a stripper member, an endless rotary belt, a pressure member, and a belt cooler. The heater member is subjected to heating. The stripper member is disposed parallel to the heater member. The endless rotary belt is looped for rotation around the heater member and the stripper member in a longitudinal, conveyance direction of the belt. The pressure member is disposed opposite the heater member via the belt. The heater member and the pressure member press against each other via the belt to form a glossing nip therebetween. The recording medium after passage through the nip remains in contact with the belt as the belt moves from the heater member toward the stripper member, and separates from the belt as the belt passes around the stripper member. The belt cooler is disposed adjacent to the belt to cool the belt.