The invention provides a
charcoal-based
metal oxide composite material as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of
viscosity reduction of thickened oil. The rich porous structure and high specific surface area of the
biochar are used as a carrier of the
active component, so that the
active component is uniformly dispersed, active sites are increased, and the catalytic activity is improved;
iron oxide can catalyze
hydrocarbon in the thickened oil to generate oxidation reaction to generate
oxygen-containing functional groups, so that the
viscosity of the thickened oil is reduced; niO has good
hydrogen transfer capacity and can promote
hydrogen atoms to be transferred from a
hydrogen donor to
unsaturated hydrocarbon of the thickened oil, so that the
viscosity of the thickened oil is reduced; the
rare earth oxide can enhance the reaction activity of
ferric oxide and NiO, promote the oxidation-reduction reaction, reduce the temperature of the catalytic reaction and expand the temperature application range; the
rare earth oxide can also protect the
transition metal oxide, so that
vulcanization is reduced, and the service life is prolonged; the
silicon dioxide layer can avoid loss of
active components, and the cycle service life is prolonged.