The invention provides an electromagnetically-triggered friction type pressing and releasing device. The device comprises a triggering mechanism, two drag hooks, a locking mechanism, an upper pressingplate, two triggers, two torsional springs, two tension springs, a lower pressing plate and a mounting base. The trigger mechanism is installed at the top of the mounting base, the upper pressing plate, the triggers, the torsion springs, the tension springs and the lower pressing plate are all arranged in the mounting base, the locking mechanism penetrates through the left side and the right sideof the mounting base, and the two drag hooks are connected with the left end and the right end of the locking mechanism respectively. In a locking state, the triggering mechanism limits the two triggers to rotate, the tension springs tension the triggers, the triggers are pressed on the upper pressing plate to press the locking mechanism, and the two drag hooks are locked; in an unlocking state,the trigger mechanism acts to unlock the two triggers, the torsion springs drive the triggers to rotate, the tension springs are separated from the triggers, pressing of the triggers on the upper pressing plate is relieved, the locking mechanism is released, and the two drag hooks are separated. The device has advantages of a large bearing capacity, quick action, repeatable testing and insensitivity to a high temperature and a low temperature, and the device can be applied to various connection and separation occasions.