41results about How to "Strong mass transfer" patented technology

The invention discloses a method for treating chlorinated organic pollutants in underground water by using a slow-release compound repair material. The method comprises the following steps: (1), preparing charcoal through high temperature pyrolysis; (2), pre-treating zero-valent iron through acid pickling; (3), adding water into the charcoal, then adding xanthan gum and an organic carbon source, and finally, adding zero-valent iron, and through steps of treating, obtaining the slow-release compound repair material; then treating chlorinated organic pollutants in underground water by adopting an in situ injection repairing method or an in situ PRB repairing method. According to the method provided by the invention, the xanthan gum with high mechanical strength and strong mass transfer performance is used as a novel slow release embedding medium, the physical adsorbent charcoal, the chemical reductant zero-valent iron and the bioreductive drug organic carbon source are taken as effective components for composite embedding, so that gel microspheres with stable structures are formed, and the method provided by the invention has the advantages of sustained release, simple and convenient operation, low cost, environment friendliness and the like, can effectively achieve physically, chemically and biologically collaborated and enhanced remediation, and can effectively remove target pollutants.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a nano molybdenum disulfide / nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube array hybrid composite electrode. A carbon fiber fabric coated with a conductive carbon black layer is used as a substrate; a nitrogen-doped carbon nano tube array carrier is controllably prepared on a carbon fiber substrate through a chemical vapor deposition technology; then nitrogen-doped carbon nano tubes are oxidized to realize surface functionalization; and then the nitrogen-doped carbon nano tubes are firmly combined with a nano molybdenum disulfide material in a chemical bond form to form an electrode material with an integrated three-dimensional parallel hole structure and a bidirectional catalysis function. According to the invention, the carrier provided by the invention has excellent conductivity and relatively high mass transfer and load transfer capabilities; the nano molybdenum disulfide material combined by chemical bonds has good bidirectional catalytic activity of oxygen electroreduction and oxygen anion electrooxidation; the diffusion resistance and ion transmission resistance of oxygen species are reduced; the electrochemical activity and the structural stability of an electronic conductor are improved; and the preparation method has wide application prospects in electrode materials such as metal-air batteries, proton exchange membrane hydrogen fuel cells and direct methanol fuel cells.

The invention belongs to the field of catalysts and an application of the catalysts, and in particular relates to a porous silicon-carbide carrier surface gradient pore molecular sieve coating and a preparation method thereof. The porous silicon-carbide carrier surface gradient pore molecular sieve coating has the intercrystal porosity with continuous gradient change, the porosity among molecular sieve crystals in an inner molecular sieve coating is low, and the porosity among molecular sieve crystals in an outer molecular sieve coating is high. The coating is realized through two-step coating combined with steam treatment: a colloidal state molecular sieve precursor is coated on the surface of a foamed silicon-carbide carrier; a mixer of the colloidal state molecular sieve precursor, the molecular sieve crystals and a pore forming agent is coated; and finally, the molecular sieve precursor is converted into the molecular sieve crystals through steam treatment so as to realize the firm bonding between the coating and the carrier. The proportion of the colloidal state molecular sieve precursor to the molecular sieve crystals is controlled, the pore forming agent is added, and the intercrystal porosity of the coating can be regulated. The gradient coating and the carrier are firmly bonded, and the coating is high in mass transfer capacity and suitable for large-scale preparation.

The invention discloses a slow-release compound repair material for treating chlorine-containing organic pollutants in groundwater and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the steps of (1) preparing biochar by high-temperature pyrolysis; (2) pretreating zero-valent iron by acid pickling; and (3) adding water into the biochar, adding xanthan gum and an organic carbon source, adding zero-valent iron finally, and carrying out multi-step treatment on the obtained mixture so as to obtain a slow-release compound repair material for treating chlorine-containing organic pollutants in groundwater. According to the invention, by using the xanthan gum with high mechanical strength and strong mass transfer performance as a novel slow-release embedding agent, the biochar (as a physical adsorbent), the zero-valent iron (as a chemical reductant) and the organic carbon source (as a biological reductant) which are taken as effective components are compositely embedded so as to form constitutionally stable gel microspheres, and the slow-release compound repair material has the advantages of long-term slow-release, easy operation, low cost, environment friendliness, and the like, and can effectively realize the physical, chemical and biological synergistic reinforced repair, therefore, the material can remove target pollutants more efficiently.

A high-speed and down-flow type sludge back-mixing anaerobic reactor is disclosed. The main body is provided with a down-flow reaction area, an up-flow reaction area, an air-solid-liquid separation area and a water outlet area from the bottom to the top. The down-flow reaction area is formed by relative arrangement of a bucket shape body in the lower part and a taper cover in the upper part, a gap is saved between the bucket shape body and the taper cover, and the up-flow reaction area is above the taper cover; the air-solid-liquid separation area is provided with a three-phase separator, a water outlet weir is arranged above the water outlet area, and a water outlet pipe is arranged on the water outlet weir; a sludge reverse lifting backflow device is arranged on the top part of the main body, the device comprises an air-water separating tank, a sludge reverse lifting pipe and a backflow pipe, the sludge reverse lifting pipe is arranged between the air-water separating tank and the bottom of the down-flow reaction area, and the backflow pipe is arranged between the air-water separating tank and the bottom of the up-flow reaction area. The mass transfer of the sludge in the reactor is in a high-speed, reverse and down-flow mode, the mass transfer is stronger, the loss of sludge is maximally reduced, and the processing efficiency is prominently improved.

The invention discloses a method for treating persistent halogenated hydrocarbons in soil by a slow-release compound remediation agent. The method includes steps: pre-ploughing contaminated soil, directly spreading a certain quantity of the slow-release compound remediation agent into ploughed soil, harrowing to well mix, watering to keep certain moisture content, and covering the soil surface with a protecting layer to realize anaerobic reduction dehalogenation reaction, wherein spreading quantity of the remediation agent is 0.05-1.5% of the dry weight of the contaminated soil, the soil ploughing depth is 25-40cm, the soil moisture content is adjusted to 50-80% of maximum field moisture capacity after spreading of the remediation agent, and remediation treatment time is 30-350d. The remediation method takes advantages of great adsorption performance of black charcoal, efficient chemical reducibility of nano zero-valence metal and dissimilatory iron reduction dehalogenation performanceof functional microorganisms to achieve physical, chemical and biological synergistic remediation effects on persistent halogenated hydrocarbon contaminated soil and has advantages of long action period, structural stability, low cost, environmental friendliness and the like.

A high-speed and down-flow type sludge back-mixing anaerobic reactor is disclosed. The main body is provided with a down-flow reaction area, an up-flow reaction area, an air-solid-liquid separation area and a water outlet area from the bottom to the top. The down-flow reaction area is formed by relative arrangement of a bucket shape body in the lower part and a taper cover in the upper part, a gap is saved between the bucket shape body and the taper cover, and the up-flow reaction area is above the taper cover; the air-solid-liquid separation area is provided with a three-phase separator, a water outlet weir is arranged above the water outlet area, and a water outlet pipe is arranged on the water outlet weir; a sludge reverse lifting backflow device is arranged on the top part of the main body, the device comprises an air-water separating tank, a sludge reverse lifting pipe and a backflow pipe, the sludge reverse lifting pipe is arranged between the air-water separating tank and the bottom of the down-flow reaction area, and the backflow pipe is arranged between the air-water separating tank and the bottom of the up-flow reaction area. The mass transfer of the sludge in the reactor is in a high-speed, reverse and down-flow mode, the mass transfer is stronger, the loss of sludge is maximally reduced, and the processing efficiency is prominently improved.

A method is described for the preparation of a trimethylcyclohexyl-alkan-3-ol containing a proportion of trans isomer of Formula D whereR=H, Me, Et, n-propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl, iso-butyl or tert-butyl andR1=Me, Et, n-propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl, iso-butyl or tert-butyl,or of a mixture of several such trimethylcyclohexyl-alkan-3-ols,wherein the method comprises catalytically hydrogenating corresponding compound(s) of Formula B in which R and R1 in each case have the indicated meanings, in the presence of a nickel catalyst, preferably of Raney nickel, and in an absence of catalytically active amounts of copper chromite.

The invention discloses a method for treating chlorinated organic pollutants in underground water by using a slow-release compound repair material. The method comprises the following steps: (1), preparing charcoal through high temperature pyrolysis; (2), pre-treating zero-valent iron through acid pickling; (3), adding water into the charcoal, then adding xanthan gum and an organic carbon source, and finally, adding zero-valent iron, and through steps of treating, obtaining the slow-release compound repair material; then treating chlorinated organic pollutants in underground water by adopting an in situ injection repairing method or an in situ PRB repairing method. According to the method provided by the invention, the xanthan gum with high mechanical strength and strong mass transfer performance is used as a novel slow release embedding medium, the physical adsorbent charcoal, the chemical reductant zero-valent iron and the bioreductive drug organic carbon source are taken as effective components for composite embedding, so that gel microspheres with stable structures are formed, and the method provided by the invention has the advantages of sustained release, simple and convenient operation, low cost, environment friendliness and the like, can effectively achieve physically, chemically and biologically collaborated and enhanced remediation, and can effectively remove target pollutants.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a nano molybdenum disulfide / nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube array hybrid composite electrode. A carbon fiber fabric coated with a conductive carbon black layer is used as a substrate; a nitrogen-doped carbon nano tube array carrier is controllably prepared on a carbon fiber substrate through a chemical vapor deposition technology; then nitrogen-doped carbon nano tubes are oxidized to realize surface functionalization; and then the nitrogen-doped carbon nano tubes are firmly combined with a nano molybdenum disulfide material in a chemical bond form to form an electrode material with an integrated three-dimensional parallel hole structure and a bidirectional catalysis function. According to the invention, the carrier provided by the invention has excellent conductivity and relatively high mass transfer and load transfer capabilities; the nano molybdenum disulfide material combined by chemical bonds has good bidirectional catalytic activity of oxygen electroreduction and oxygen anion electrooxidation; the diffusion resistance and ion transmission resistance of oxygen species are reduced; the electrochemical activity and the structural stability of an electronic conductor are improved; and the preparation method has wide application prospects in electrode materials such as metal-air batteries, proton exchange membrane hydrogen fuel cells and direct methanol fuel cells.

The invention discloses a full-mixing MBBR aerobic reactor. The full-mixing MBBR aerobic reactor has a good mass transfer effect and a highly-efficient and stable treatment effect. The full-mixing MBBR aerobic reactor comprises a cylindrical shell and a gas-liquid separation tank, the cylindrical shell is formed by an outer cylindrical shell and inner flow guiding cylinders, two ends of the inner flow guiding cylinders are open, a gas collecting hood and a gas stripping tube are arranged in every inner flow guiding cylinder, the gas collecting hoods are connected with the gas-liquid separation tank arranged at the upper part of the cylindrical shell through the gas stripping tubes, baffle plates are arranged below the gas collecting hoods, the baffle plates are fixed on the inner walls of the inner flow guiding cylinders, flow guiding seams are arranged between the baffle plates and the gas collecting hoods, an aeration system is arranged at the middle of the shell of every inner flow guiding cylinder, and a water distributor is arranged just below the inner flow guiding cylinders to realize entrance of water to the bottom and annular uniform water distribution; the gas-liquid separation tank is provided with a gas outlet and water falling tubes, the upper ends of the water falling tubes communicate with the gas-liquid separation tank, and the bottoms of the water falling tubes are connected to the lower part of the outer cylindrical shell; and the upper part of the outer cylindrical shell is provided with a precipitating and filtering area, a filler layer is arranged in the precipitating and filtering area, a water outlet weir is arranged surrounding the filler layer, the water outlet weir is provided with water outlets, and the bottom of the outer cylindrical shell is provided with a mud outlet.

The invention discloses a nano iron phosphate micro chemical preparation method and nano iron phosphate. The method comprises the following steps of: S1, respectively dissolving soluble iron salt and phosphate into deionized water according to a ratio that Fe: P=1:(0.8-1.2), wherein the concentrations of solutions are both 0.1-1mol / L, and the final volume parts of an iron salt solution and a phosphate solution are the same; S2, weighing and dissolving a surfactant which can theoretically generate 1wt.%-10wt.% of iron phosphate into the iron salt solution; S3, dropwise adding ammonia water into the phosphate solution, and regulating the pH to be 8-10; S4, regulating the rotation speed of a mechanical pump to be 10-300 rounds / minute, simultaneously adding the same flow of the iron salt solution and the phosphate solution into a microreactor of a micro chemical system to react for 10-60 minutes, and thus obtaining a turbid liquid; and S5, filtering and separating the turbid liquid, washing and drying at 70-90 DEG C so as to obtain spherical nano iron phosphate. The method can be used for preparing the nano iron phosphate with regular shape, good dispersibility, uniform size distribution and high reactivity.

The invention discloses a honeycomb-type efficient down-flow aerobic reactor which comprises a housing, wherein a water inlet aeration region, a gas-stripping down-flow mixing region and a sedimentation filtering region which are arranged in the housing from top to bottom, wherein a gas-liquid separation tank is connected to the top of the housing; a water distribution pipe and an aeration device are arranged in the water inlet aeration region; a down-flow pipe and gas-stripping pipes are arranged in the gas-stripping down-flow mixing region; the gas-stripping pipes are arranged around the down-flow pipe; aeration devices are arranged in the gas-stripping pipes; the upper ends of the down-flow pipe and the gas-stripping pipes are connected to the gas-liquid separation tank; a water outlet weir is arranged above the sedimentation filtering region; a water outlet pipe is arranged on the outer side of the water outlet weir. According to the reactor, the running mode of a conventional aerobic reactor is overturned; bottom sludge is reversely lifted upwards and runs to the bottom at the high speed to form intense mass transfer together with wastewater which runs upwards, and sludge-water mixed liquid participates in gas stripping in the whole process, so that the mass transfer becomes relatively intense, the sludge sedimentation is avoided, the sludge loss is maximally reduced, and the treatment efficiency is remarkably improved; meanwhile, a gas-solid-liquid separator is removed and the reactor structure is simplified.

The invention discloses a method for continuously and quickly preparing propargyl alcohol by using a micro-reactor. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, under anhydrous and anaerobic conditions, adding magnesium metal, elemental iodine and a solvent into a reactor, uniformly stirring the components, dropwise adding halogenated hydrocarbon, continuously stirring the components, and reacting to obtain a hydrocarbyl magnesium halide Grignard reagent; in a micro-reactor, with prepared alkyl magnesium halide and acetylene as raw materials, carrying out a Grignard exchangereaction under a continuous flowing condition to obtain ethynyl magnesium halide; and carrying out nucleophilic addition reaction on acetenyl magnesium halide and formaldehyde serving as raw materialsunder a continuous flowing condition to prepare propargyl alcohol. The method has the characteristics of rapid and continuous preparation of propargyl alcohol, simple operation, continuous and controllable process, mild conditions, and realization of industrialization.

The present invention discloses one kind of pre-filming flow nozzle, stillpot with the nozzle and the production process of superfine particle in the stillpot with the nozzle. The nozzle includes casing, pre-filming unit, flow channel, ring gap flow channel, etc. and has the structure with greatly lowered flow resistance on solution and less jamming caused by the solute particle. The stillpot has simple structure, convenient operation, light labor strength and excellent sealing effect owing to the C-shaped metal sealing part with upper and lower sealing planes in linear contact state. By means of the supercritical fluid forced dispersing solution process in the stillpot with the nozzle, superfine solute particle may be prepared.

The invention discloses a slow-release compound repair material for treating chlorine-containing organic pollutants in groundwater and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the steps of (1) preparing biochar by high-temperature pyrolysis; (2) pretreating zero-valent iron by acid pickling; and (3) adding water into the biochar, adding xanthan gum and an organic carbon source, adding zero-valent iron finally, and carrying out multi-step treatment on the obtained mixture so as to obtain a slow-release compound repair material for treating chlorine-containing organic pollutants in groundwater. According to the invention, by using the xanthan gum with high mechanical strength and strong mass transfer performance as a novel slow-release embedding agent, the biochar (as a physical adsorbent), the zero-valent iron (as a chemical reductant) and the organic carbon source (as a biological reductant) which are taken as effective components are compositely embedded so as to form constitutionally stable gel microspheres, and the slow-release compound repair material has the advantages of long-term slow-release, easy operation, low cost, environment friendliness, and the like, and can effectively realize the physical, chemical and biological synergistic reinforced repair, therefore, the material can remove target pollutants more efficiently.

The invention discloses a multilayer acute angle membrane type wall vibration folding high-efficiency particle heat exchanging device. The multilayer acute angle membrane type wall vibration folding high-efficiency particle heat exchanging device comprises a base, a boiler body located above the base and a plurality of acute angle membrane type wall structures. A plurality of vibrating springs arefixedly arranged between the boiler body and the base, and the base is provided with a vibration motor. A feeding port is formed in the boiler body. A feeding hopper communicates with the feeding port. The feeding port is provided with a feeding valve. A discharge port is formed in the lower end of the boiler body and provided with a discharging valve and a discharging hopper. The multilayer acute angle membrane type wall vibration folding high-efficiency particle heat exchanging device is relatively wide in material shape application range and particle size range and also adapts to non-circular particle particles. The materials flow from top to bottom, a working medium in a water pipe flows from bottom to top, good countercurrent is formed between the materials and the working medium, and gradient utilization of waste heat is advantageously achieved. The materials roll down, the gravity of the materials provide part of falling power, and the power consumption is relatively small. Themass transfer in the materials is powerful, and the heat exchanging coefficient of the materials and the inner walls of the boiler body is high.

The invention, belonging to the technical field of catalyst and its application, particularly relates to an ultrafine molecular sieve structured catalytic material based on a porous silicon carbide carrier and a preparation method thereof. The material comprises ultrafine molecular sieve crystals as active elements and has a hierarchically porous structure, and the whole ultrafine molecular sieve coating has catalytic activity. The method is characterized by coating a colloidal molecular sieve precursor on the surface of a modified foam silicon carbide carrier, converting the molecular sieve precursor into ultrafine molecular sieve crystals by vapor phase treatment to realize the firm combination between the coating and the carrier. According to the invention, by controlling the synthesis conditions of the colloidal molecular sieve precursor and the method of adding a pore forming agent, the size of the molecular sieve crystals, silica-alumina ratio and intercrystalline porosity can be controlled; a pore structure and the type of the molecular sieve can be designed according to the geometrical structure of a target product; and the capacity of accommodating carbon is raised, the mass transfer capability of the catalyst is reinforced, and the life of catalyst is prolonged while keeping the high activity of the ultrafine molecular sieve and high target product selectivity.