The invention relates to an optical organism culture device, which comprises one or more supports and a plurality of vectors, wherein the vectors are spaced, and can adsorb optical organism cells, nutrient liquid and optical organism culture liquid, and each vector is suspended from one support. The optical organism culture device has a good light splitting effect, specifically, optical organisms are cultivated on the vectors suspended on the supports, as a result, the defect that optical organisms at the lower part of a tank body receives deficient light when the optical organisms are cultivated in the tank body can be overcome, and the optical organisms located on the vectors receive sufficient light. In addition, the distance and angle of two or more vectors arranged at intervals are adjustable, mutual light shielding of the two or more vectors can be reduced, and further the optical organisms on the vectors receive sufficient light. In a word, the optical organism culture device provided by the invention has a better light splitting effect, and accordingly, the yield of the optical organisms can be improved. Moreover, the optical organism culture device is simple in structure and low in cost, and can be applied to large-scale cultivation, and as a result, the overall yield of the optical organisms is improved.