The invention relates to anticancer sustained release injection which comprises sustained release microspheres and menstruum, wherein, the sustained release microspheres comprise anticancer active components and sustained release auxiliary material; the menstruum is special menstruum that contains suspending agent. The anticancer active components are fotemustine, nimustine, carmustine or combination of bendamustine and mitozolomide, docetaxel, etoposide, teniposide, vinblastine, anastrozole, tamoxifen, fluorouracil or mitomycin C; the sustained release auxiliary material is polylactic acid and polylactic acid copolymer, polyethylene glycol and polylactic acid copolymer of polyethylene glycol, terminal carboxyl group polylactic acid copolymer, EVAc, fatty acid and decanedioic acid copolymer, etc.; viscosity of the suspending agent is 100cp-3,000cp (at 25 DEG C-30 DEG C), and the suspending agent is selected from sodium carboxymethylcellulose, etc. The sustained release microspheres can also be made into sustained release implant; the injection or implant is injected or placed in or around tumor so as to reduce general reaction of the drug and selectively improve and keep local concentration for about 30-50 days. The anticancer sustained release injection can be used solely and can also promote anti-tumor effects of non-operative treatments, such as chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy, etc.