The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural seeding machinery, and in particular relates to a chain type cistanche tubulosa multifunctional operating machine integrating functions of ditching, sowing, digging, earth reinforcing and fertilizing. The present invention is high in working efficiency, can finish inoculation of cistanche salsa and is suitable for scale production. However, a cut plant is too large in root system width, which seriously influences the inoculation rate of cistanche tubulosa; and the seeds of the cistanche salsa are mixed with soil and then are sown, and the close contact between plant root systems and the seeds cannot be ensured. The chain type cistanche tubulosa multifunctional operating machine provided by the invention comprises a frame as well as a chain type trenching device, a ditching device, a sowing device and a fertilizing device which are arranged on the frame, wherein the frame is detachably connected with a power machine, the ditching device is arranged behind the chain type trenching device, and the sowing device and the fertilizing device are sequentially arranged behind the ditching device. The chain type cistanche tubulosa multifunctional operating machine provided by the invention is simple in structure, needs small power, is randomly adjustable in ditching depth and ditching width, cannot seriously damage the plant root systems, and greatly improves the inoculation rate.