The invention provides a film bulk acoustic resonator and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: providing a first substrate and a second substrate; forming a first groove in the first substrate; forming at least one group of longitudinal Bragg reflection gratings on the second substrate, wherein each group of longitudinal Bragg reflection gratings comprises at least two thin film material layers with different acoustic impedances; bonding the side, provided with the longitudinal Bragg reflection grating, of the second substrate with the side, provided with the first groove, of the first substrate; forming a piezoelectric stacking structure on one side, deviating from the first substrate, of the second substrate; and forming at least one group of transverse reflection grids in the edge area of the piezoelectric stack structure to complete the preparation of the film bulk acoustic wave resonator. The prepared film bulk acoustic resonator is provided with reflecting gates in the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction, acoustic energy can be limited in an effective area of a device, the energy trapping effect can be achieved, the Q value of the device can be further improved, and therefore the resonator has high frequency stability.