59 results about "Fluidized bed combustor" patented technology

A pressurized transport oxy-combustor with different configurations is disclosed. Substantially pure oxygen is fed to the transport oxy-combustor under pressure to combust fossil fuels, generating steam for power generation. The end product is the flue gas containing substantially pure CO₂ after moisture condensation. The low excess oxygen necessary to achieve complete combustion in the combustor is scavenged by adding another fuel so that substantially all oxygen fed to the combustor is completely consumed. The capability to operate the transport oxy-combustor as a circulating fluidized bed combustor at very high solids circulation rates makes it unnecessary to use recycled CO₂ or flue gas as a means to moderate and control the combustion temperature. The temperature in the combustor is effectively controlled by relatively cooler circulating solids that enter the combustion zone. A small amount of CO₂ is recycled for aeration and to convey solids fuel to the combustor.

A circulating fluidized bed combustor arrangement includes (a) a circulating fluidized bed reactor in which (i) a combustion chamber combusts a fuel material in a suspension of solid particles of a circulating fluidized bed, (ii) a first cyclone separator arrangement receives a mixture of gases and solid particles from the combustion chamber for separating a first fraction of the solid particles from the exhaust gases, and (iii) a solid particle return system connected to the first cyclone separator returns separated solid particles to the combustion chamber, (b) a heat transfer section including a water/steam heat exchanger section arranged after the first cyclone separator arrangement in the exhaust gas flow path, (c) a heat recovery device provided in connection with the combustion chamber, the first cyclone separator arrangement and the heat transfer section being arranged for recovering heat resulting from the combustion process in the combustion chamber, (d) a selective catalytic reduction system arranged in the exhaust gas flow path, after the heat transfer section, for removing NOx from the exhaust gas, (e) a device for injecting NOx reducing agent into the exhaust gases upstream of the selective catalytic reduction system, and (f) a second cyclone separator arrangement provided downstream of the first cyclone separator arrangement and upstream of the heat transfer section, in which a second fraction of the solid particles is separated form the exhaust gases.

The invention discloses a portable nozzle and a fluidized bed reactor with the same, and belongs to the field of petro-chemical machinery. The portable nozzle takes oil of which partial pressure is higher than reaction pressure as power; and then the oil flows into a venture tube through the nozzle to form a draft which carries the hot oil to circulate. The portable nozzle of the invention is applied to the fluidized bed reactor, can completely satisfy a large amount of circulation liquid phases needed by good gas-liquid distribution and normal solid-phase fluidization in a hydrogenation process of a fluidized bed by using together with a fluidized bed catalyst with a relatively small grain size and a specially designed tree-phase separator, is more in favour of a reaction process, homogenizes bed layer temperature and achieves better catalyst fluidization effect and gas-liquid distribution effect.

The present invention provides a method and an apparatus for predicting and calculating an amount of harmful oxide such as NOx contained in an exhaust gas from a reference concentration of harmful oxide, which is previously determined by a type of fuel supplied to a fluidized bed combustor, an amount of change of an air ratio and an amount of change of a gas residence time to the conditions of a specific air ratio and gas residence time in the combustor, and injecting a treatment agent such as NH3 in an amount optimum to the predicted amount into an exhaust gas. With this arrangement, an amount of harmful oxide in the exhaust gas can be securely lowered to a target value.

The invention provides a fluidized bed reactor and application thereof. The fluidized bed reactor comprises a reactor main body with sealed top, at least one spiral-flow type gas-solid separator, and a gas guide pipe; the upper part at a straight tube zone of the spiral-flow type gas-solid separator is provided with at least two guiding air intake channels along the tangential direction, and the contour of each guiding air intake channel is a spiral curve. The fluidized bed reactor is capable of effectively reducing suspension concentration of a catalyst fine powder in a settlement space, timely transferring the catalyst fine powder generated in the reaction process out of the reaction system, avoiding accumulation of the catalyst fine powder in the fluidized bed reactor, and enabling the reaction apparatus to stably operate for a long time and obtain good and stable reaction effect. The spiral-flow type gas-solid separator in the fluidized bed reactor generates small wearing on a catalyst particle, and is capable of obviously reducing catalyst consumption and reducing operation cost of the apparatus especially when being used as a reactor for adsorption desulphurization.

The invention relates to a biomass double fluidized bed indirect gasification system and its control method. Double fluidized beds interact to realize combustion and indirect gasification so as to prepare a high-quality biomass syngas. The system provided by the invention comprises a fluidized-bed combustor and its secondary cyclone separator, a fluidized-bed gasifier and a second cyclone separator, a combustor air injection system, a combustor bed material feeding system, a gasifier vapor injection system, a gasifier biomass feeding system, a gasifier and combustor bed material circulatory system, a bed material recovery system, a combustor and a gasifier pressure control system. By the internal and external circulating double fluidized bed indirect gasifier, nitrogen in the air is naturally separated from the syngas. Through improvement of structure design of a reactor, mixed use of different bed materials, a bed material circular flow system and improvement of the gas-solid mixing level, gasification efficiency is raised, calorific value of the syngas is increased, tar content is reduced, and high-quality syngas is prepared.

The invention relates to a differential density circulating fluidized bed combustion method for treating seaweed biomaterial, which adopts the mixture of quartz sand and limestone to constitute the medium of the differential density circulating fluidized bed and feeds seaweed grains or slices into the fluidized bed for combustion. The seaweed is broken and abraded during the combustion, and fine particles are brought into a dilute-phase region on the upper part for combustion from a dense-phase region by hot smoke and air. The large seaweed grains and the medium, which are brought out and are abraded incompletely, are separated and caught by a separating burnout feedback device arranged at the outlet of a fluidized bed combustor, and then return to the dense-phase region on the lower part of the combustor to realize circular combustion. Accordingly, the combustion efficiency is improved and the medium loss is reduced. The combustion temperature of the fluidized bed is controlled between 650 DEG C and 950 DEG C; the generation of heat NOX is controlled and the seaweed is prevented from forming slag inside the fluidized bed. The cinder generated after combustion is used to manufacture agricultural fertilizer. The heat generated in combustion provides heat as a heater after the heating working medium or provides power source for a steam turbine to produce kinetic energy which can push the dynamo to generate power.

Most of the abundant naturally occurring low rank coal, which has a high moisture content and a high oxygen content, is transported with poor efficiency; utilized for heating with degraded thermal efficiency because of the loss of heat due to sensible heat for heating moisture and latent heat for vaporizing moisture; and utilized in existing coal combustion facilities with difficulty due to a high volatile component content. A complex system of the present invention for utilizing coal for manufacture of char and raw material gas and electric power generation is adopted to include: a drying unit for drying low rank coal of a high moisture content; a reformer for reforming the low rank coal that has been dried in the drying unit; a fluidized bed combustor for employing, as a fuel, the reformed coal obtained in the reformer; a producer gas supply pipe for supplying a combustion exhaust gas from the fluidized bed combustor as a pyrolytic and gasifying agent to the reformer; and a catalyst reforming unit for reforming a volatile component and the producer gas obtained from the low rank coal reformed in the reformer.

The invention provides a fluidized bed combustion furnace and a control method thereof. The fluidized bed combustion furnace is characterized in that: a gas distributor is arranged in the furnace body, a first air distribution head and a second air distribution head are arranged on the gas distributor, and each of the first air distribution head and the second air distribution head can supply a fluidized gas to a bed material, wherein the second air distribution head can supply liquid to the bed material. The control method is characterized in that: whether the liquid is injected to the bed material by the second air distribution head is determined according to the temperature of the bed material during loading or unloading of the fluidized bed combustion furnace so as to absorb heat in the bed material to reduce the temperature of the bed material, prevent the bed material from being burnt due to over high temperature and stabilize the operation of the fluidized bed combustion furnace.

Energy is generated from cellulosic biofuel waste streams, specifically a lignin filter cake and a waste syrup, by combusting these waste products in a fluidized bed combustor under specified conditions. The heat and steam generated can be used to generate electricity and/or in cellulosic biofuel production processes.

A fluidized bed reactor is disclosed. The fluidized bed reactor includes a reaction pipe,a flowing-gas supply unit configured to supply flowing gas to an internal space of the reaction pipe by controlling the supply of the flowing gas independently,and a reaction gas supply unit configured to supply reaction gas to the internal space of the reaction pipe.

The present invention relates generally to an apparatus for housing a chemical looping process comprising of at least one fluidized-bed combustor reactor, at least one entrained riser, at least one particle separator, optionally at least one particle holding reactor, at least one moving-bed reactor, at least one standpipe, at least one L-valve system for solid flow control and interconnecting sections.

An oxygen fired fluidized bed combustor system (Oxy-FBC) is provided. The system provides means of producing a nearly pure stream of carbon dioxide for storage at high efficiency by controlling the oxygen content within certain regions of the combustor to control the rate of heat release allowing efficient transfer of heat from the combustor to the boiler tubes while avoiding excessively high temperatures that will cause ash melting, and simultaneously remove sulphur from the combustor via sorbents such as limestone and dolomite. The present invention utilizes a coarse oxygen carrier bed material to distribute heat and oxygen throughout an Oxy-FBC, while injecting fine sulphur sorbent that will continuously be removed from the bed.