70 results about "Ftir pas" patented technology

An apparatus and method for non-invasive determination of attributes of human tissue by quantitative infrared spectroscopy to clinically relevant levels of precision and accuracy. The system includes subsystems optimized to contend with the complexities of the tissue spectrum, high signal- to-noise ratio and photometric accuracy requirements, tissue sampling errors, calibration maintenance problems, and calibration transfer problems. The subsystems include an illumination / modulation subsystem, a tissue sampling subsystem, a calibration maintenance subsystem, an FTIR spectrometer subsystem, a data acquisition subsystem, and a computing subsystem.

A material and a method for forming a tamper-indicating identification coating are provided. The components of the coating are selected such that the coating exhibits a characteristic absorption spectrum with distinct features in individual regions during Fourier-transform infa-red (FTIR) spectroscopy. The coating components are selected to provide a distinct spectrum while, at the same time, providing a sufficiently complex spectrum such that the coating is difficult to duplicate. Also, a blowing agent in the coating decomposes to change the FTIR spectrum due to the heat associated with resoldering of an out-of-warranty electronic part marked with the identification coating to an in-warranty circuit card. In addition, the coating may contain a fluorophore to reveal the presence of a tamper-indicating identification coating, allowing a manufacturer to check the card by exposure with ultra-violet (UV) light. Further, the coating composition may be changed periodically and tracked to provide a date marker.

The invention discloses a system and a method for measuring an infrared spectrum in a greenhouse gas emission flux. The system mainly comprises a two-way-feeding automatic switching gas circuit, a gas sample pool, a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrograph, a three-dimensional ultrasound anemograph and a computer. According to the system, the emission flux of measured gas is obtained according to the mixing ratio concentration of greenhouse gas measured by the FTIR spectrograph as well as information of a surface layer wind field, close to a concentration measurement height, measured by the three-dimensional ultrasound anemograph.

Micro-droplets of liquid confining organic molecules of interest are dried on selected planar solvo-phobic substrates under conditions facilitating segregated precipitation of the larger, less soluable analytes toward edge portions of the deposit. Micro-spectrometer imaging using white light and FTIR false color can identify points of interest, and the same optics generally directed perpendicularly to the substrates selectively captures normal Raman spectra from selected points in the deposit. The spectra are manipulated using various data techniques to extract reliable information concerning analytes present at pico-Molar levels. The selected spots can also be subjected to FTIR spectroscopy followed by MALDI mass spectroscopy to obtain a variety of information from the identical specimen.

A method and apparatus for controlling photoresist baking processes. A wafer is provided with the wafer having a layer of photoresist thereon. A first thickness of the photoresist layer is measured, and a first fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of the photoresist layer is generated. Based on the first thickness and first FTIR spectra, a bake time and bake temperature is determined. The wafer is then baked at the bake temperature for the bake time.

Performance and reliability of microelectromechanical system (MEMS) components enhanced dramatically through the incorporation of protective thin film coatings. Current-generation MEMS devices prepared by the LIGA technique employ transition metals such as Ni, Cu, Fe, or alloys thereof, and hence lack stability in oxidizing, corrosive, and / or high temperature environments. Fabrication of a superhard, self-lubricating coating based on a ternary boride compound AlMgB14 is described in this letter as a potential breakthrough in protective coating technology for LIGA microdevices. Nanoindentation tests show that hardness of AlMgB14 films prepared by pulsed laser deposition ranges from 45 GPa to 51 GPa, when deposited at room temperature and 573 K, respectively. Extremely low friction coefficients of 0.04-0.05, which are thought to result from a self-lubricating effect, have also been confirmed by nanoscratch tests on the AlMgB14 films. Transmission electron microscopy studies show that the as-deposited films are amorphous, regardless of substrate temperature; however, analysis of FTIR spectra suggests that the higher substrate temperature facilitates formation of the B12 icosahedral framework, therefore leading to the higher hardness.

A porous low k or ultra low k dielectric film comprising atoms of Si, C, O and H (hereinafter “SiCOH”) in a covalently bonded tri-dimensional network structure having a dielectric constant of less than about 3.0, a higher degree of crystalline bonding interactions, more carbon as methyl termination groups and fewer methylene, —CH2— crosslinking groups than prior art SiCOH dielectrics is provided. The SiCOH dielectric is characterized as having a FTIR spectrum comprising a peak area for CH3+CH2 stretching of less than about 1.40, a peak area for SiH stretching of less than about 0.20, a peak area for SiCH3 bonding of greater than about 2.0, and a peak area for Si—O—Si bonding of greater than about 60%, and a porosity of greater than about 20%.

A method for measuring sulphonyl monomer content of total fluosulphoylresin resin includes selecting total fluosulphonyl resin samples with different sulphonyl monomer contents, determining ATR-FTIR spectrum corresponding to each sample, selecting absorption spectrum band caused by sulphonyl monomer and carbon-fluorine bond from infrared spectrum as character absorption spectrum hand, setting up operation curve of absorption light intensity of said spectrum hand to sulphonyl monomer content, testing infrared spectrum of unknown sample to know sulphonyl monomer content based on obtained operation curve.

A Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectrometer integrated in a CMOS technology on a Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI) wafer is disclosed. The present invention is fully integrated into a compact, miniaturized, low cost, CMOS fabrication compatible chip. The present invention may be operated in various infrared regions ranging from 1.1 [mu]m to 15[mu]m or it can cover the full spectrum from 1.1 [mu]m to 15[mu]m all at once. The CMOS-FTIR spectrometer disclosed herein has high spectral resolution, no movable parts, no lenses, is compact, not prone to damage in harsh external conditions and can be fabricated with a standard CMOS technology, allowing the mass production of FTIR spectrometers. The fully integrated CMOS-FTIR spectrometer is suitable for battery operation; any and all functionality can be integrated on a chip with standard CMOS technology. The disclosed invention for the FTIR spectrometer may also be adapted for a CMOS-Raman spectrometer.

The invention relates to a method for operating a FTIR (Fourier transformation infrared) spectrometer, wherein a validation / calibration of the spectrometer is carried out in cyclically recurring intervals in that by way of at least two temporarily available gases a reference spectrum with a zero gas and also an absorption spectrum with a calibration gas are recorded. The invention further relates to a spectrometer according to the preamble of the patent claims 1 and 8. In order to achieve that at each site of use and at any time a calibration or validation of the spectrometer can be carried out, the invention proposes to use so-called substitute gases during the validation of the spectrometer as gas components, said substitute gases only simulating the actual measured gas component with respect to the metrological properties.

The present invention relates to an FTIR spectrometer comprising a single-element detector to analyze a detector light beam emitted by a sample, with a unit to digitize the voltage available at the detector output and with a unit to process the digitized voltage. The single-element detector and the dedicated unit to digitize the detector voltage are located immediately adjacent to each other.

A method cleaning up internal components of a fuel injector for a diesel engine. The method includes operating a fuel injected diesel engine on a fuel composition that includes a major amount of diesel fuel and from about 5 to about 500 ppm by weight of a reaction product derived from (a) a hydrocarbyl substituted dicarboxylic acid, anhydride, or ester and (b) an amine compound or salt thereof of the formulawherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and a hydrocarbyl group containing from about 1 to about 15 carbon atoms, and R1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and a hydrocarbyl group containing from about 1 to about 20 carbon atoms. The reaction product is characterized by a particular FTIR spectrum.

The present invention provides an isocyanate trimerization catalyst system, a precursor formulation, a method of trimerizing isocyanates, a rigid foam made therefrom, and a method of making such a foam. The trimerization catalyst system comprises: (a) imidazolium or imidazolinium cation; and (b) anion inducing isocyanate trimer; wherein the trimerization activation temperature of the trimerization catalyst system is less than or equal to 73°C. The precursor formulation comprises: (1) at least 25% by weight of a polyol, based on the weight of the precursor formulation; (2) less than 15% by weight of a trimerization catalyst system, based on the weight of the precursor formulation, the tripolymer The polymerization catalyst system comprises: (a) imidazolium or imidazolinium cation; and (c) anion inducing isocyanate trimer; wherein the trimerization activation temperature of the trimerization catalyst system is less than or equal to 73°C; and (3 ) optionally one or more surfactants, one or more flame retardants, water, one or more antioxidants, one or more auxiliary blowing agents, one or more carbamic acids an ester catalyst, one or more auxiliary trimerization catalysts, or a combination thereof. A method for trimerization of isocyanates comprising the steps of: (1) providing one or more monomers selected from the group consisting of isocyanates, diisocyanates, triisocyanates, oligomeric isocyanates, any salts thereof, and any mixture; (2) providing a trimerization catalyst system comprising: (a) an imidazolium or imidazolinium cation; and (b) an anion inducing trimer of isocyanate; (c) wherein said trimerization The trimerization activation temperature of the polymerization catalyst system is less than or equal to 73°C; (3) trimerizing the one or more monomers in the presence of the trimerization catalyst; (4) thereby forming one or more Isocyanurate terpolymer. A method of forming a PIR foam, comprising the steps of: (1) providing one or more monomers selected from the group consisting of isocyanate, diisocyanate, triisocyanate, oligomeric isocyanate, any salt thereof, and any a mixture; (2) providing a polyol; (3) providing a trimerization catalyst system comprising: (a) an imidazolium or imidazolinium cation; and (b) an anion inducing trimer of isocyanate; wherein The trimerization activation temperature of the trimerization catalyst system is less than or equal to 73°C; and (4) optionally providing one or more surfactants, one or more flame retardants, water, one or more An antioxidant, one or more auxiliary blowing agents, one or more urethane catalysts, one or more auxiliary trimerization catalysts, or a combination thereof; (5) making the one or more monomer, and said polyol, and optionally said one or more surfactants, and optionally said one or more flame retardants, and optionally said water, and optionally said The one or more antioxidants, and optionally the one or more auxiliary foaming agents, in the trimerization catalyst system, and optionally the one or more carbamates catalyst, and optionally said one or more auxiliary trimerization catalysts; (6) thereby forming said polyisocyanurate / polyurethane rigid foam. The PIR foam comprises: a trimerization catalyst system and optionally one or more surfactants, optionally one or more flame retardants, optionally water, optionally one or more Oxidizing agent, optional one or more auxiliary blowing agents, optional one or more additional urethane catalysts, and optional one or more auxiliary trimerization catalysts, or optional other The reaction product of one or more monomers selected from the group consisting of isocyanates, diisocyanates, triisocyanates, oligomeric isocyanates, any salts thereof, and any mixtures thereof with polyols in the presence of a trimerization catalyst system comprising imidazole Onium or imidazolinium cations, and isocyanate trimer-inducing anions, wherein the trimerization activation temperature of the trimerization catalyst system is less than or equal to 73°C. The PIR foam comprises: a trimerization catalyst system and optionally one or more surfactants, optionally one or more flame retardants, optional water, optionally one or more In the presence of an oxidizing agent, optionally one or more auxiliary blowing agents, optionally one or more additional polyurethane catalysts, and optionally one or more trimerization catalysts, or optionally a combination thereof, The reaction product of one or more monomers selected from the group consisting of isocyanates, diisocyanates, triisocyanates, oligomeric isocyanates, any salts thereof, and any mixtures thereof with polyols, the trimerization catalyst system comprising imidazolium or imidazoline Onium cations, and anions inducing isocyanate trimers, wherein at a depth of 12 mm from the raised surface of the rigid foam, the polyisocyanurate trimers of the polyisocyanurate / polyurethane foam The substance ratio (Abs1410 / Abs1595) is at least 5, as determined by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy.

A compact, low cost FTIR spectrometer with no moving parts includes an interferometer having optical paths through silicon waveguides. The optical path lengths are varied by changing the temperature and / or carrier density of at least one of the waveguides. In embodiments, the interferometer is a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Embodiments vary both optical path lengths in opposite directions. In embodiments, a germanium or InGaAs IR detector is grown on the same wafer as the waveguides. Embodiments include a laser pump, such as a COT CW diode laser, and wavelength mixer, such as an OPGaAs or OPGaP converter, for up and / or down converting measured IR wavelengths into a range compatible with the waveguide and detector materials. The wavelength mixer can be a waveguide. Embodiments include a sample compartment and an IR source such as a glowbar. In embodiments, the sample compartment can be exposed to ambient atmosphere for analysis of gases contained therein.