177 results about "Ionic radius" patented technology

An all-solid-state lithium ion secondary battery containing a novel garnet-type oxide serving as a solid electrolyte. The garnet-type lithium ion-conducting oxide is one represented by the formula Li5+XLa3(ZrX, A2-X)O12, wherein A is at least one selected from the group consisting of Sc, Ti, V, Y, Nb, Hf, Ta, Al, Si, Ga, Ge, and Sn and X satisfies the inequality 1.4≦X<2, or is one obtained by substituting an element having an ionic radius different from that of Zr for Zr sites in an garnet-type lithium ion-conducting oxide represented by the formula Li7La3Zr2O12, wherein the normalized intensity of an X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern with a diffraction peak, as normalized on the basis of the intensity of a diffraction peak, is 9.2 or more.

A process for easily synthesizing a zeolite substance containing an element having a large ionic radius in the framework at a high ratio. This process comprises the following first to fourth steps: First Step: a step of heating a mixture containing a template compound, a compound containing a Group 13 element of the periodic table, a silicon-containing compound and water to obtain a precursor (A); Second Step: a step of acid-treating the precursor (A) obtained in the first step; Third Step: a step of heating the acid-treated precursor (A) obtained in the second step together with a mixture containing a template compound and water to obtain a precursor (B); and Fourth Step: a step of calcining the precursor (B) obtained in the third step to obtain a zeolite substance.

In a display device in which glass substrates are pasted together and a display material is filled therebetween and a method of manufacturing the same, provided is a display device composed of soda glass chemically strengthened by substituting atoms having an ionic radius larger than that of sodium atoms for sodium atoms on the surfaces of the glass substrates, and a method of manufacturing a display device wherein a chemical strengthening is carried out by dipping a soda glass substrate or a cell for the display device manufactured by using the substrate in a solution or a molten solution of a salt including cations having an ionic radius larger than that of sodium atoms.

An ion-exchanged glass article manufacturing method includes an ion-exchange step of bringing a glass article with a composition containing Li into contact with a molten salt dissolved solution containing an alkali metal element having an ionic radius larger than an ionic radius of the Li contained in the glass article, thereby ion-exchanging the Li in the glass article with the alkali metal element in the molten salt dissolved solution. At least one kind of additive selected from the group consisting of NaF, KF, K3AlF6, Na2CO3, NaHCO3, K2CO3, KHCO3, Na2SO4, K2SO4, KAl(SO4)2, Na3PO4, and K3PO4 is added to the molten salt dissolved solution so that the ion-exchange step is carried out while the additive is in a solid state.

A laminated composite includes a wavelength-converting layer and a non-emissive blocking layer, wherein the emissive layer includes a garnet host material and an emissive guest material, and the non-emissive blocking layer includes a non-emissive blocking material. The metallic element constituting the non-emissive blocking material has an ionic radius which is less than about 80% of an ionic radius of an A cation element when the garnet or garnet-like host material is expressed as A3B5O12 and / or an element constituting the emissive guest material, and the non-emissive blocking layer is substantially free of the emissive guest material migrated through an interface between the emissive layer and the non-emissive blocking layer.

A process for easily synthesizing a zeolite substance containing an element having a large ionic radius in the framework at a high ratio. This process comprises the following first to fourth steps:First Step:a step of heating a mixture containing a template compound, a compound containing a Group 13 element of the periodic table, a silicon-containing compound and water to obtain a precursor (A);Second Step:a step of acid-treating the precursor (A) obtained in the first step;Third Step:a step of heating the acid-treated precursor (A) obtained in the second step together with a mixture containing a template compound and water to obtain a precursor (B); andFourth Step:a step of calcining the precursor (B) obtained in the third step to obtain a zeolite substance.

A cathode material for a fuel cell, the cathode material including a first metal oxide having a perovskite crystal structure, and a second metal oxide including cerium and at least two lanthanide elements, the lanthanide elements having an average ionic radius of about 0.90 to about 1.02 Å.

[Subject]An object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a chemically strengthened glass plate having a high surface compressive stress with high efficiency using a soda-lime glass, the composition of which is not particularly suited for chemical strengthening.[Solution]The present invention provides a method of manufacturing a chemically strengthened glass plate by ion-exchanging a glass base plate to replace alkali metal ions A that are the main alkali metal ion component of the glass base plate with alkali metal ions B having a larger ionic radius than the alkali metal ions A at a surface of the glass base plate,the unexchanged glass base plate made of a soda-lime glass,the method including:a first step of contacting the glass base plate with a first salt containing the alkali metal ions A, the first salt containing the alkali metal ions A at a ratio X, as expressed as a molar percentage of total alkali metal ions, of 90 to 100 mol %;a second step of contacting the glass plate with a second salt containing the alkali metal ions B after the first step, the second salt containing the alkali metal ions A at a ratio Y, as expressed as a molar percentage of the total alkali metal ions, of 0 to 10 mol %; anda third step of contacting the glass plate with a third salt containing the alkali metal ions B after the second step, the third salt containing the alkali metal ions B at a ratio Z, as expressed as a molar percentage of the total alkali metal ions, of 98 to 100 mol %.

The invention discloses a bismuth ferrite-based leadless piezoelectric ceramic with high Curie temperature and a preparation method thereof. The general formula for the piezoelectric ceramic is (1-x-y)(BizM1-z)t(FeuM'1-u)O3-xBaTiO3-yBiMnO3, wherein, M is a trivalent metallic element with large ionic radius, M' is a trivalent metallic element with small ionic radius, and x, y, u, t and z represent mole content in a ceramic system and satisfy the following relations: 0<=x<=1.0, 0<=y<=0.1, 0<z<1, 0.85<t<1.2, 0<u<1 and x+y<1. The piezoelectric ceramic is prepared by a conventional ceramic preparation method through selection of proper technological parameters. The piezoelectric constant d33 of the ceramic can reach 140 pC / N, Curie temperature can reach 490 DEG C, and Kt is more than 0.50. The preparation method has the advantages of a simple and stable process, and obtained leadless piezoelectric ceramic has excellent performance and is suitable for being used under high temperature.

A framework for developing high quality factor (Q) material for electronic applications in the radio frequency range is provided. In one implementation, ceramic materials having a tungsten bronze crystal structure is modified by substituting one or more elements at one or more lattice sites on the crystal structure. The substitute elements are selected based on the ionic radius and other factors. In other implementations, the modified ceramic material is prepared in combination with compositions such as rutile or a perovskite to form a orthorhombic hybrid of perovskite and tetragonal tungsten bronze.

The invention discloses a multi-element in-situ co-doped ternary material precursor as well as a preparation method and an application thereof. The chemical formula of the precursor is (NixCoyMnz)(1-a-c)MaNc(OH)(2+k), wherein x is larger than or equal to 1 / 3 and smaller than or equal to 0.9, y is larger than 0 and smaller than or equal to1 / 3, z is larger than 0 and smaller than or equal to 0.4, the sum of x, y and z is 1, a is larger than or equal to 0.0001 and smaller than or equal to 0.01, and c is larger than or equal to 0.0001 and smaller than or equal to 0.01; radius of a doped ion M is close to that of the lithium ion, and M is selected from one or more of Mg<2+>, Zn<2+>, Zr<4+>, Nb<5+>, Ta<4+>, In<3+>, Sc<3+>, Y<3+>, Ce<4+> and Gd<3+>; radius of a doped ion N is close to that of metal ions Mn and Co in the ternary material, and N is selected from one or more of Al<3+>, Ti<4+>, Ge<4+>, W<6+> and V<5+>. In the preparation process of the ternary material precursor, two kinds metalions with different radii are introduced in situ, so that the doped metal ions are uniformly distributed in a precursor phase, and uniform mixing on the atomic grade is realized. The two kinds of metal ions with different radii are doped in different positions, cell parameters have coordinated variation, so that not only can a lithium ion transmission channel be expanded, but also good lattice structure of the ternary material can be kept, and the ternary material with excellent electrochemical performance is obtained.

Embodiments of the present invention provide a high voltage lithium cobaltate positive cathode material, including a lithium cobaltate substituted and doped at lithium positions. The lithium cobaltatesubstituted and doped at lithium positions has a general formula of Li1-xMaxCoO2, where x is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 0.05, Ma is a doping element, Ma is selected from one or more ofelements having an ionic radius ranging from 68 pm to 90 pm and an ion valence state greater than or equal to 1. The high-voltage lithium cobaltate positive electrode material is formed by substituting and doping lithium cobaltate at lithium positions, and the electrostatic interaction and cobalt dissolution of lithium cobaltate caused by lithium de-intercalation at a high voltage is alleviated, so that the structure and cycle stability of the material is improved, and the material has a high capacity and good cycle stability at the high voltage. Embodiments of the present invention further provide a high-voltage lithium cobaltate positive electrode material preparation method and a lithium ion battery.

A spinel composition of the invention includes a monocrystalline lattice having a formula Mg1-wαwAlx-yβyOz, where w is greater than 0 and less than 1, x is greater than 2 and less than about 8, y is less than x, z is equal to or greater than about 4 and equal to or less than about 13, α is a divalent cationic element having an ionic radius greater than divalent magnesium, and β is a trivalent cationic element having an ionic radius greater than trivalent aluminum. The monocrystalline lattice has tetrahedral and octahedral positions, and most of the magnesium and α occupy tetrahedral positions. In one embodiment, the molar ratio of aluminum to the amount of magnesium, α and β can be controlled during growth of the monocrystalline lattice thereby forming a spinel substrate suitable for heteroepitaxial growth of III-V materials. A method of the invention, includes forming a monocrystalline lattice of a spinel composition. A composite includes the spinel composition layer and a III-V layer at the surface of the spinel layer. A method of forming a composite includes depositing the III-V layer onto the surface of the spinel composition using heteroepitaxial techniques.

A functional layer material for a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) including a ceria ceramic oxide and a metal oxide including a metal, except for zirconium, having a Vegard's slope X represented by Equation 1 and having an absolute value |X| of the Vegard's slope X, wherein 27×105≦|X|≦45×105:X=(0.0220ri+0.00015zi)   (1),wherein ri is an ionic radius difference between the metal and Ce4+, and zi is a charge difference between the metal and Ce4+.

The present invention provides a single crystal heat treatment method, having a step of heating a single crystal of a cerium-doped silicate compound represented by any of general formulas (1) to (4) below in an oxygen-containing atmosphere Y2-(x+y)LnxCeySiO5  (1) (wherein Ln represents at least one elemental species selected from a group consisting of elements belonging to the rare earth elements, x represents a numerical value from 0 to 2, and y represents a numerical value greater than 0 but less than or equal to 0.2) Gd2-(z+w)LnzCewSiO5  (2) (wherein Ln represents at least one elemental species selected from a group consisting of elements belonging to the rare earth elements, z represents a numerical value greater than 0 but less than or equal to 2, and w represents a numerical value greater than 0 but less than or equal to 0.2) Gd2-(p+q)LnpCeqSiO5  (3) (wherein Ln represents at least one elemental species selected from a group consisting of Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Y and Sc, which are rare earth elements having an ionic radius smaller than Tb, p represents a numerical value greater than 0 but less than or equal to 2, and q represents a numerical value greater than 0 but less than or equal to 0.2) Gd2-(r+s)LurCesSiO5  (4) (wherein r represents a numerical value greater than 0 but less than or equal to 2, and s represents a numerical value greater than 0 but less than or equal to 0.2).

A dielectric ceramic composition, comprising a main component including barium titanate; a first subcomponent including at least one kind selected from MgO, CaO, BaO and SrO; a second subcomponent functioning as a sintering auxiliary agent; a third subcomponent including at least one kind selected from V2O5, MoO3 and WO3; a fourth subcomponent including an oxide of R1 (note that R1 is at least one kind selected from Sc, Er, Tm Yb and Lu); a fifth subcomponent including CaZrO3 or CaO+ZrO2; and an eighth subcomponent including an oxide of A (note that A is at least one kind selected from a cation element group having an effective ionic radius at the time of 6 coordination of 0.065 nm to 0.085 nm); wherein a ratio of the eighth subcomponent with respect to 100 moles of the main component is 0 to 4 moles (note that 0 mole and 4 moles are excluded, and the value is in terms of an A oxide).

The present invention is directed to a synthetic biomaterial compound based on stabilized calcium phosphates and more particularly to the molecular, structural and physical characterization of this compound. The compound comprises calcium, oxygen and phosphorous, wherein at least one of the elements is substituted with an element having an ionic radius of approximately 0.1 to 1.1 Å. The knowledge of the specific molecular and chemical properties of the compound allows for the development of several uses of the compound in various bone-related clinical conditions.

A dielectric ceramic composition, comprising a main component including barium titanate; a first subcomponent including at least one kind selected from MgO, CaO, BaO and SrO; a second subcomponent functioning as a sintering auxiliary agent; a third subcomponent including at least one kind selected from V2O5, MoO3 and WO3; a fourth subcomponent including an oxide of R1 (note that R1 is at least one kind selected from Sc, Er, Tm Yb and Lu); a fifth subcomponent including CaZrO3 or CaO+ZrO2; and an eighth subcomponent including an oxide of A (note that A is at least one kind selected from a cation element group having an effective ionic radius at the time of 6 coordination of 0.065 nm to 0.085 nm); wherein a ratio of the eighth subcomponent with respect to 100 moles of the main component is 0 to 4 moles (note that 0 mole and 4 moles are excluded, and the value is in terms of an A oxide).

A nonvolatile memory element in which Rb1-yMbyMnO3 having higher insulation properties than Ra1-xMaxMnO3 is inserted between the Ra1-xMaxMnO3 and a metal having a shallow work function or a low electronegativity in order to improve resistance change properties and switching properties and to control the resistance change properties. (In the formulas, Ra and Rb represent rare earth elements and are solid solutions of one or more types of rare earth elements. Average ionic radius of the Rb is smaller than that of the Ra. Ma and Mb represent alkaline earth metals and are solid solutions of one or more types of alkaline earth metals. 0<x, y<1).

An optical information recording medium includes at least a reflecting layer, an optical information recording layer, a super-resolution layer and a protective layer. The super-resolution layer is a thin layer whose an optical constant changes nonlinearly due to a red shift of its band gap, and made of solid solution, compound or mixture of metal oxides containing two or more types of metal ions of the same valence. Ion radius unconformity ΔR=|(RMi−RMj) / RMj| between ion radii RMi and RMj of two types of metal ions Mi and Mj arbitrarily selected from the two or more types of metal ions is 8% or less. The difference ΔE=Eg−E between band gap energy Eg of the mixture of the metal oxides and energy E corresponding to a wavelength of the laser beam is a more 0.4 or less 1.4 eV.

The invention provides an A-B site simultaneously substituting microwave dielectric ceramic material and a preparation method thereof. The general chemical formula of the material is (Ba1-aAa)6-3x(Nd1-bBb)8+2x(Ti1-cCc)18O54, C=MN, wherein x=3 / 4, a is greater than or equal to 0.05 and smaller than or equal to 0.2, b is greater than or equal to 0.05 and smaller than or equal to 0.15, c is greater than or equal to 0.02 and smaller than or equal to 0.08, A represents divalent Ca and Sr elements substituting A1 sites, B represents trivalent Sm and Bi elements substituting A2 sites, M represents Nb with the valence state higher than tetravalency, N represents other one or more elements with a valence state lower than tetravalency and an ionic radius similar to Ti, and M and N substitute simultaneously or individually. The preparation method includes: determining the respective mass percentage content according to the general chemical formula, conducting ball mill mixing, performing presintering under 1000-1150DEG C, and then conducting sintering at 1250-1450DEG C. The prepared material has adjustable dielectric constant and frequency-temperature coefficient and at the same time maintains a high Q*f value. The formula does not contain Pb, Cd and other volatile or heavy metals, the performance is greatly enhanced, the raw materials are in abundant supply, and the price is low, so that low cost of high performance microwave ceramics becomes possible.

Dielectric ceramic composition includes a hexagonal type barium titanate as a main component shown by a generic formula (Bai-αMα)A(Ti1-βMnβ)BO3 and having hexagonal structure wherein an effective ionic radius of 12-coordinated “M” is −20% or more to +20% or less with respect to an effective ionic radius of 12-coordinated Ba2+ and the A, B, α and β satisfy relations of 0.900≦(A / B)≦1.040, 0.003≦α≦0.05, 0.03≦β≦0.2, and as subcomponents, with respect to the main component, certain contents of alkaline earth oxide such as MgO and the like, Mn3O4 and / or Cr2O3, CuO, Al2O3, rare earth element oxide and glass component including SiO2. According to the present invention, it can be provided the hexagonal type barium titanate powder and dielectric ceramic composition which are preferable for producing electronic components such as a capacitor and the like showing high specific permittivity, having advantageous insulation property and sufficient reliability.

Metal-oxide gas sensor. According to one embodiment, the sensor includes a layer or pellet of tungsten trioxide (WO3) substituted with one or more added metals. Preferably, the added metals are substituted in a concentration between about 0.005 and 10%, have an oxidation state less than +6, and possess a similar ionic radius to W6+. The substituted metal oxides are preferably formed as nanoparticles and sintered into a dense structure or coating possessing a surface-depletion layer sensitive to the surface adsorption of gas molecules and whose resistance changes in a predictable manner with gas adsorption. The extent of resistance change, rate of change and rate of desorption can be different for different gases, depending on the gas molecule's polarizability, dipole moments and electron configuration. The sensor can be used in a wide range of temperatures and corrosive conditions because of the intrinsic stability of the substituted metal oxides.

The present invention provides a method of manufacturing a chemically strengthened glass plate by ion-exchanging a glass base plate to replace alkali metal ions A that are the main alkali metal ion component of the glass base plate with alkali metal ions B having a larger ionic radius than the alkali metal ions A at a surface of the glass base plate, the unexchanged glass base plate made of a soda-lime glass, the method including: a first step of contacting the glass base plate with a first salt containing the alkali metal ions A, the first salt containing the alkali metal ions A at a ratio X, as expressed as a molar percentage of total alkali metal ions, of 90 to 100 mol %; a second step of contacting the glass plate with a second salt containing the alkali metal ions B after the first step, the second salt containing the alkali metal ions A at a ratio Y, as expressed as a molar percentage of the total alkali metal ions, of 0 to 10 mol %; and a third step of contacting the glass plate with a third salt containing the alkali metal ions B after the second step, the third salt containing the alkali metal ions B at a ratio Z, as expressed as a molar percentage of the total alkali metal ions, of 98 to 100 mol %.

The invention provides a method for repairing non-performing glass. The method comprises the following steps of: A, contacting the non-performing glass with a melting returning enhancer, thus obtaining a reduced glass product, wherein the returning enhancer is the first alkali metal salt, wherein ionic radius of the first alkali metal ion in the first alkali metal salt is less than the ionic radius of the alkali metal ion contained on the surface of the non-performing glass, and the first alkali metal ion is the same as the alkali metal ion contained in the non-performing glass; B, polishing the reduced glass product in step A, so as to obtain the pre-fabricated glass product; and C, contacting the pre-fabricated glass product in step B and the melting returning enhancer to enhance, so as to obtain the performing glass, wherein the enhancer is the second alkali metal salt, wherein the ionic radius of the second alkali metal ion in the second alkali metal salt is less than the ionic radius of the alkali metal ion contained in the non-performing glass, and the second alkali metal ion is the same as the alkali metal ion contained in the non-performing glass. The method provided by the invention brings higher yield of the non-performing glass in repair.

A dielectric ceramic composition, comprising a main component including barium titanate, a fourth subcomponent including an oxide of R1 (note that R1 is at least one kind selected from a first element group composed of rare-earth elements having a effective ionic radius of less than 108pm when having a coordination number of nine), and a fifth subcomponent including an oxide of R2 (note that R2 is at least one kind selected from a second element group composed of rare-earth elements having a effective ionic radius of 108pm to 113pm when having a coordination number of nine). According to the composition, a dielectric ceramic composition having excellent reducing resisting property at firing, excellent temperature. dependence of capacitance after firing, and improved accelerated lifetime of insulation resistance can be provided.

Provided is a photocatalytic coating in which the coating per se is hardly eroded even when a photocatalyst is excited and a coating surface having strong hydrophobic tendency can be formed. The photocatalytic coating is prepared by dispersing or dissolving at least a photocatalyst, a tetrafluoro-ethylene-based resin obtained by graft polymerization of a sulfonic acid, a compound containing metal ion having an ionic radius not less than an ionic radius of calcium and / or complex ion having an ionic radius not less than the ionic radius of calcium into a solvent. Further, hydroxide is used as the compound containing the metal ion or an electrically neutral surfactant is added to the photocatalytic coating.