107 results about "Retinal detachment" patented technology

Surgical correction of human eye refractive errors such as presbyopia, hyperopia, myopia, and stigmatism by using transcutaneously inductively energized artificial muscle implants to either actively change the axial length and the anterior curvatures of the eye globe. This brings the retina / macula region to coincide with the focal point. The implants use transcutaneously inductively energized scleral constrictor bands equipped with composite artificial muscle structures. The implants can induce enough accommodation of a few diopters, to correct presbyopia, hyperopia, and myopia on demand. In the preferred embodiment, the implant comprises an active sphinctering smart band to encircle the sclera, preferably implanted under the conjunctiva and under the extraocular muscles to uniformly constrict the eye globe, similar to a scleral buckle band for surgical correction of retinal detachment, to induce active temporary myopia (hyperopia) by increasing (decreasing) the active length of the globe. In another embodiment, multiple and specially designed constrictor bands can be used to enable surgeons to correct stigmatism. The composite artificial muscles are either resilient composite shaped memory alloy-silicone rubber implants in the form of endless active scleral bands, electroactive ionic polymeric artificial muscle structures, electrochemically contractile endless bands of ionic polymers such as polyacrylonitrile (PAN), thermally contractile liquid crystal elastomer artificial muscle structures, magnetically deployable structures or solenoids or other deployable structures equipped with smart materials such as preferably piezocerams, piezopolymers, electroactive and eletrostrictive polymers, magnetostrictive materials, and electro or magnetorheological materials.

Featured is a methodology for administering a therapeutic medium to the posterior segment of an eye including instilling or disposing the therapeutic medium sub-retinally. In particular embodiments, the therapeutic medium is disposed in a sub retinal space. Such instillation being accomplished by one of injection or implantation of the therapeutic medium sub-retinally or the sub-retinal space. In other aspects, the methodology further includes forming a limited retinal detachment so as to define the sub-retinal space as well as methods for treating an eye by sub-retinally administering a therapeutic medium.

The present invention provides a method of treating edematous retinal disorders. The method comprises administration of a pharmaceutical formulation comprising a hydrolysis-resistant P2Y receptor agonist to stimulate the removal of pathological extraneous fluid from the subretinal and retinal spaces and thereby reduce the accumulation of said fluid associated with retinal detachment and retinal edema. The P2Y receptor agonist can be administered with therapeutic and adjuvant agents commonly used to treat edematous retinal disorders. The pharmaceutical formulation useful in this invention comprises a P2Y receptor agonist with enhanced resistance to extracellular hydrolysis, such as dinucleoside polyphosphate compounds, or hydrolysis-resistant mononucleoside triphosphate salts. The present invention also provides P1-(2′-deoxycytidine 5′-)P4-(uridine 5′-)tetraphosphate, tetra-(alkali metal) salts such as tetrasodium, tetralithium, tetrapotassium, and mixed (tetra-alkali metal) salts. The present further provides a pharmaceutical formulation comprising a P1-(2′-deoxycytidine 5′-)P4-(uridine 5′-)tetraphosphate, tetra-(alkali metal) salt, in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

The present invention relates to certain novel dinucleotides and formulations thereof which are highly selective agonists of the P2Y2 and / or P2Y4 purinergic receptor. They are useful in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases such as chronic bronchitis, PCD, cystic fibrosis, as well as prevention of pneumonia due to immobility. Furthermore, because of their general ability to clear retained mucus secretions and stimulate ciliary beat frequency, the compounds of the present invention are also useful in the treatment of sinusitis, otitis media and nasolacrimal duct obstruction. They are also useful for treatment of dry eye disease and retinal detachment as well as facilitating sputum induction and expectoration.

An apparatus and minimally invasive method for removing fluid from a subretinal space to allow a detached retina to flatten. An apparatus, comprising a fluid withdrawal device and a guide for advancing and placing the device, is positioned on the exterior eye surface at the detachment site. Various embodiments of the apparatus are disclosed. Using the guide, the surgeon advances the device into the fluid-filled space and drains fluid, allowing the retina to flatten. Additional injection of saline or gas into the vitreous cavity normalizes intraocular pressure, and the patient is ambulatory immediately afterward. Unlike other retinal attachment techniques, in the inventive procedure the patient receives only a local anesthetic, and has no restraint on head movement.

A magnetic polymer may be polymerized in living tissue. Retinal detachment may now be repaired without needing suturing, by using a magnetic fluid with a magnetic scleral buckle. The magnetic scleral buckle may be polymerized into place in the eye, rather than being preformed outside the eye as has been conventionally done. Magnetic systems formed internally may be used in other medical contexts, such as in drug delivery.

The present invention provides improved methods for producing retinal pigmented epithelial (RPE) cells from human embryonic stem cells, human induced pluripotent stem (iPS), human adult stem cells, human hematopoietic stem cells, human fetal stem cells, human mesenchymal stem cells, human postpartum stem cells, human multipotent stem cells, or human embryonic germ cells. The RPE cells derived from embryonic stem cells are molecularly distinct from adult and fetal-derived RPE cells, and are also distinct from embryonic stem cells. The RPE cells described herein are useful for treating retinal degenerative conditions including retinal detachment and macular degeneration.

The present invention relates generally to the field of prophylaxis and therapy for inflammatory and / or fibrotic diseases which include responses to injuries. In particular, the present invention is related to agents that can bind or complex copper such as thiomolybdate, and to the use of these agents in the prevention and treatment of inflammatory and / or fibrotic diseases. Exemplary thiomolybdates include mono-, di-, tri- and tetrathiomolybdate; these agents are administered to patients to prevent and / or treat inflammatory and / or fibrotic diseases, such as pulmonary disease including pulmonary fibrosis and acute respiratory distress syndrome, liver disease including liver cirrhosis and hepatitis C, kidney disease including renal interstitial fibrosis, scleroderma, cystic fibrosis, pancreatic fibrosis, keloid, secondary fibrosis in the gastrointestinal tract, hypertrophic burn scars, myocardial fibrosis, Alzheimer's disease, retinal detachment inflammation and / or fibrosis resulting after surgery, and graft versus host and host versus graft rejections.

The present invention relates to compositions of microspheres suitable for application to ocular injuries and inflammation, and to methods of use of the compositions alone or in combination with other agents in the prevention and treatment of ocular injuries and inflammation. The compositions, which increase the rate of healing, can be used to treat injuries and inflammation, including but not limited to those caused by foreign bodies, infections, burns, lesions, lacerations, ischemia, injuries from blunt trauma, traumatic hyphema, sympathetic ophthalmia, injuries from radiant energy, cataracts, corneal erosions or optic nerve injuries, and in procedures such as post-trabeculectomy (filtering surgery), post pterygium surgery; post ocular adnexa trauma and surgery, post intraocular surgery, post vitrectomy, post retinal detachment or post retinotomylectomy.

In one embodiment, the invention provides a method of treating, reducing the incidence, reducing the severity or pathogenesis of an eye disease or disorder in a subject, including, inter alia, retinal detachment, macular degeneration, glaucoma or retinopathy, comprising the step of administering an effective amount of a lipid or phospholipid moiety bound optionally via a spacer to a physiologically acceptable monomer, dimer, oligomer, or polymer via an ester or amide bond, and / or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a pharmaceutical product thereof. This invention also provides a contact lens solution comprising a lipid or phospholipid moiety bound optionally via a spacer to a physiologically acceptable monomer, dimer, oligomer, or polymer via an ester or amide bond, and / or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a pharmaceutical product thereof.

Provided are methods and compositions for maintaining the viability of photoreceptor cells and / or retinal pigment epithelial cells in a subject with an ocular disorder including, for example, age-related macular degeneration (AMD) (e.g., dry or neovascular AMD), retinitis pigmentosa (RP), or a retinal detachment. The viability of the photoreceptor cells and / or the retinal pigment epithelial cells can be preserved by administering a necrosis inhibitor either alone or in combination with an apoptosis inhibitor to a subject having an eye with the ocular condition. The compositions, when administered, maintain the viability of the cells, thereby minimizing the loss of vision or visual function associated with the ocular disorder.

The present invention provides a method of treating edematous retinal disorders. The method comprises administration of a pharmaceutical formulation comprising a hydrolysis-resistant P2Y receptor agonist to stimulate the removal of pathological extraneous fluid from the subretinal and retinal spaces and thereby reduce the accumulation of said fluid associated with retinal detachment and retinal edema. The P2Y receptor agonist can be administered with therapeutic and adjuvant agents commonly used to treat edematous retinal disorders. The pharmaceutical formulation useful in this invention comprises a P2Y receptor agonist with enhanced resistance to extracellular hydrolysis, such as dinucleoside polyphosphate compounds, or hydrolysis-resistant mononucleoside triphosphates.

An apparatus for cutting and aspirating tissue from the human body or animal body, particularly for application in vitrectomies, for retinal detachment, etc., having an outer tube (1) and an inner tube (5) which can slide back and forth concentrically in the outer tube (1) with minimal play, wherein the outer tube (1) is closed on the free end (2) thereof, and has a lateral opening (3) near the free end (2), with at least one inner cutting edge (4), wherein the inner tube (5) is open on the free end and has an outer cutting edge (6) at that position, and wherein the cutting edges (4, 6) work together in a cutting manner when the inner tube (5) is displaced, characterized in that the inner tube (5) has at least one lateral opening (7) with at least one further outer cutting edge (8) near the free end.

Provided are methods and compositions for maintaining the viability of photoreceptor cells following retinal detachment. The viability of photoreceptor cells can be preserved by administering a neuroprotective agent, for example, a substance capable of suppressing endogenous calcineurin or constitutively active calcineurin, inhibiting cleavage of calcineurin to constitutively active calcineurin, and / or directly or indirectly antagonizing calcineurin or constitutively active calcineurin (and combinations thereof), to a mammal having an eye with retinal detachment. The neuroprotective agent maintains the viability of the photoreceptor cells until such time that the retina becomes reattached to the underlying retinal pigment epithelium and choroid. The treatment minimizes the loss of vision, which otherwise may occur as a result of retinal detachment.

An ocular fundus portion analyzer and the method are provided for attaining accurate and quick detection and diagnoses of an ocular fundus defect portion, such as an excavation of an optic disk caused by glaucoma and a macula retinae caused by retinal detachment, by dealing with a large number of single-shot ocular fundus images, for example, taken in physical examinations. It is configured to include an image importing portion for importing an image of an ocular fundus portion taken by a visible radiation or a near-infrared radiation; a pixel data generation portion for generating pixel data including pixel positions and luminance of pixels constituting the image; a local plane gradient image generation portion for generating a three-dimensional image from pixel positions and luminance of the pixel data, obtaining a local approximation plane at any pixel and generating a local plane gradient image from a gradient angle with respect to a control plane of the three-dimensional image; and a display portion for displaying the local plane gradient image.

Methods of preventing retinal detachment associated with proliferative vitreoretinopathy are provided by administering agents which antagonize the activity or function of EMP2 to subjects at risk of the detachment.

Provided are methods for maintaining the viability of photoreceptor cells following retinal detachment. The viability of photoreceptor cells can be preserved by administering a hydrophilic bile acid (e.g., UDCA or TUDCA) to a mammal having an eye with a detached retina. Administration of the hydrophilic bile acid maintains the viability of the photoreceptor cells until such time that the retina becomes reattached to the underlying retinal pigment epithelium and choroid, thereby minimizing the loss of vision or visual acuity, which otherwise may occur as a result of the retinal detachment.

Disclosed are novel methods of treatment for retinal diseases and conditions including age-related macular degeneration, genetic-based retinal degenerations and retinal detachment. A novel glycan binding protein thought to be a cell surface receptor has been discovered in the retina. The retinal glycan binding receptor is shown to play an important role in promoting assembly of outer segment (OS) membranes by the photoreceptor cells of the eye, a process that is essential for vision. Based on the finding that certain sugars can bind with very high affinity to the retinal glycan receptor and stimulate its function, the invention provides novel therapeutic agents for treatment of retinal diseases that are multivalent N-linked glycans. Preferred pharmaceutical compositions in accordance with the present invention comprise active agents having the general formula: (Gal-GlcNAc)n-Man3-GlcNAc2, where n is 1-4. Particularly preferred multivalent glycans are galactosylated, biantennary (NA2), and asialo, galactosylated, triantennary (NA3) oligosaccharides.

Methods and compositions for treating ocular disorders such as retinal detachment and macular degeneration and methods and compositions for prognosing or diagnosing retinal detachment or macular degeneration in a subject are disclosed.

A process is disclosed for liquefying the vitreous humor of an eye. The process includes the steps of delivering plasmin into the vitreous of the eye and incubating the vitreous and plasmin together for a period of time. Plasmin may be introduced through injection or a sustained release device. Plasmin may be used to treat a pathological condition of the eye such as diabetic retinopathy, macular hole, macular pucker, intraocular infection, foreign intraocular material and retinal detachment.

The invention discloses a suprachoroidal pressurizing hydrogel balloon device for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. The device is composed of a hydrogel balloon, a syringe needle, and a filler. The hydrogel balloon is composed of a balloon body, a head side blind end sheath, and a tail end self-closed valve. When the hydrogel balloon is not full, the hydrogel balloon is a single side blind gut shape flat round balloon. The blind end sheath wall of the balloon head side is thicker than the balloon body. A sleeve sheath that tightly wraps the syringe needle is formed. A unidirectional self-closed membrane is arranged in the balloon body and divides the long diameter of the balloon into a plurality of chambers. The tail side of the balloon is connected to a hydrogel dual self-closed valve. Asuprachoroidal puncture needle is placed in the pipeline of the dual self-closed valve. After the syringe needle is pulled out, due to the elasticity, the pipe cavity retracts, an external elastic ring applies a contracting force, the pipe cavity is tightly closed, the content in the balloon will not be leaked out, and the syringe needle is provided with scales. The length, width, and height of the pressurizing ridge of the balloon are stable, controllable, and adjustable, the existing time of the ridge is decided by the absorption time of the balloon wall, the individual difference is small,and the surgery success rate is increased.

Provided are methods and compositions for maintaining the viability of photoreceptor cells and / or retinal pigment epithelial cells in a subject with an ocular disorder including, for example, age-related macular degeneration (AMD) (e.g., dry or neovascular AMD), retinitis pigmentosa (RP), or a retinal detachment. The viability of the photoreceptor cells and / or the retinal pigment epithelial cells can be preserved by administering a necrosis inhibitor either alone or in combination with an apoptosis inhibitor to a subject having an eye with the ocular condition. The compositions, when administered, maintain the viability of the cells, thereby minimizing the loss of vision or visual function associated with the ocular disorder.

The invention relates to a biological patch for a posterior scleral reinforcement surgery and a preparation method thereof. According to the invention, the pericardium meridian of the heterogeneous animal cattle, horses and pigs is subjected to impurity removal, and then steps of degreasing, decellularization, fibers combing, thinning, thickening, cross-linking, forming, packaging and sterilization are carried out, the pericardial thickness tends to be consistent at a maximum degree, the material tensile elongation is controlled, its biomechanics is improved, the biocompatibility is improved,the anti-degradation ability of the material is enhanced, and the biological patch for the posterior scleral reinforcement surgery is obtained. The method can greatly provide the available area of a pericardial material, improves the qualified rate of the patch, and reduces the production cost. The biological patch is purple-blue, and spherical fusiform-shaped, the spherical surface radius is greater than 12.0 mm, a fixed tensile rate is less than or equal to 3%, a water content is greater than 300%, a thickness is 0.10 to 0.65 mm, a length is 28 to 55 mm, and a width is 8 to 18 mm. The biological patch is reliable and effective for treating high myopia and retinal detachment and macular retinoschisis due to high myopia, ending its development, and restoring vision.

Systems and methods for constructing a widefield image of the retina from a plurality of retinal images. In one aspect, the disclosure concerns constructing a widefield image of the retina from a plurality of retinal images, comprising a base image and a plurality of peripheral images. These techniques enable medical observations of retinal phenomena in patients, such retinal vein occlusion, artery occlusion, retinal detachments, intraocular inflammation, ocular tumors, and the like, that were difficult to detect and impossible to quantify under prior art approaches.

The invention relates to a pair of ophthalmic inactive separated forceps which comprises two forceps sheets, wherein the tails of the two forceps sheets are fixed together and the front parts of the two forceps sheets are respectively in a blade shape. The front part of each forceps sheet bends inwards relative to the middle part of each forceps sheet; a blade part at the front part of each forceps sheet is arranged at the outer side, the outer side surface is thinner, and the inner side surface of is thicker, thereby forming a gradient from the inner side to the outer side; the front end of each forceps sheet is in a tip shape; and each blade part is an inactive edge. The invention has the advantages that the ophthalmic inactive separated forceps can avoid the occurrence of retinal hemorrhage and retinal detachment in the operation process, greatly reduce the operation time, improve the success ratio of the operation and achieve the purpose of good recovery of the visual function after the operation.

The invention discloses a glycollic acid grafted chitosan copolymer, a preparation method thereof, and application of the glycollic acid grafted chitosan copolymer used as a scleral bucking material. On the premise of not using any catalyst, polyglyclic acid is grafted on a chitosan molecular chain by a graft copolymerization method under the reaction conditions of low-temperature heating and lowvacuum degree, performance of polyglyclic acid and chitosan is improved by using advantages of the polyglyclic acid and chitosan, and defects of polyglyclic acid and chitosan are overcome. The obtained product has high biocompatibility, biodegradability, and surface activity and good biomechanical properties and can be effectively used as external scleral implant for treating rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

The present invention provides improved methods for producing retinal pigmented epithelial (RPE) cells from human embryonic stem cells, human induced pluripotent stem (iPS), human adult stem cells, human hematopoietic stem cells, human fetal stem cells, human mesenchymal stem cells, human postpartum stem cells, human multipotent stem cells, or human embryonic germ cells. The RPE cells derived from embryonic stem cells are molecularly distinct from adult and fetal-derived RPE cells, and are also distinct from embryonic stem cells. The RPE cells described herein are useful for treating retinal degenerative conditions including retinal detachment and macular degeneration.

An ocular fundus portion analyzer and the method are provided for attaining accurate and quick detection and diagnoses of an ocular fundus defect portion, such as an excavation of an optic disk caused by glaucoma and a macula retinae caused by retinal detachment, by dealing with a large number of single-shot ocular fundus images, for example, taken in physical examinations. It is configured to include an image importing portion for importing an image of an ocular fundus portion taken by a visible radiation or a near-infrared radiation; a pixel data generation portion for generating pixel data including pixel positions and luminance of pixels constituting the image; a local plane gradient image generation portion for generating a three-dimensional image from pixel positions and luminance of the pixel data, obtaining a local approximation plane at any pixel and generating a local plane gradient image from a gradient angle with respect to a control plane of the three-dimensional image; and a display portion for displaying the local plane gradient image.

The invention provides compositions and methods for preventing or reducing photoreceptor cell death. The invention further provides compositions and methods for treating, preventing, or alleviating symptoms of retinal detachment.

Provided are methods, polymer-containing formulations, and polymer compositions for treating retinal detachment and other ocular disorders, where the methods employ polymer compositions or polymer-containing formulations that can form a hydrogel in the eye of a subject. In certain embodiments, the hydrogel is formed by reaction of (a) a nucleo-functional polymer is a biocompatible polyalkylene polymer substituted by (i) a plurality of -OH groups, (ii) a plurality of thio-functional groups -R1-SH wherein R1 is an ester-containing linker, and (iii) optionally one or more -OC(O)-(C1-C6 alkyl) groups, such as a thiolated poly(vinyl alcohol) polymer and (ii) an electro-functional polymer that is a biocompatible polymer containing at least one thiol-reactive group, such as a poly(ethylene glycol) polymer containing alpha-beta unsaturated ester groups. In certain embodiments, the hydrogel is formed by curing a biocompatible polymer described herein, such as a thermosensitive polymer, nucleo-functional polymer, electro-functional polymer, or pH-sensitive polymer.