56 results about "Whole Organism" patented technology

The present invention provides recombination based methods for assembling nucleic acids. In certain aspects the present invention provides hierarchical assembly methods for producing genome sized polynucleotide constructs. The methods may be used for assembling large polynucleotide constructs, for synthesizing synthetic genomes, or for introducing a plurality of nucleotide changes throughout the genome of an organism. In another aspect, the invention provides cells having increased genomic stability. For example, cells comprising alterations in at least a substantial portion of the transposons in the genome are provided.

The present invention relates to biochemical methods for assessing metabolic fitness and/or aerobic demands of a living system. Specifically, the rate of synthesis and turnover of the molecular components of mitochondrial mass are used to determine the aerobic capacity and/or aerobic demand of tissues or living organisms. The direct measurement of metabolic fitness and/or aerobic demand by this means can be used as an index of the efficacy of an exercise training program or other therapeutic intervention; as a medical risk factor for predicting the risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, death or other health outcome; or as an aid to pharmaceutical companies for drug discovery in the area of metabolic fitness, deconditioning, and oxidative biology.

Novel pro-drugs and methods for their use to alter the growth and biological characteristics of living cells, tissues, or whole organisms are described. The methods allow for selective activation of the pro-drugs at or near transformant host cells expressing a gene for an enzyme that activates the pro-drugs. Pro-drugs according to a preferred embodiment of the invention are conjugates of a bioactive compound and a chemical group that is capable of being cleaved from the bioactive compound by action of an enzyme. Methods according to this invention include, (a) introducing into targeted cells a gene encoding an enzyme and (b) administering a pro-drug, wherein the enzyme releases the pro-drug from conjugation. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the gene encoding the enzyme is a marker gene.

The present invention relates to the treatment and prevention of malaria infection. In particular, the present invention provides novel noninfectious, whole organism vaccines for malaria, which vaccines comprise a Plasmodium axenic liver stage. The invention also provides methods to treat and prevent malaria by administering such Plasmodium axenic liver stage vaccines, as well as methods to generate Plasmodium axenic liver stages.

The present invention provides a method for purifying a protein complex and the components comprising the complex from a cell, a cell or tissue lysate or a whole organism by employing a combined set of affinity tags of high affinity, specificity and ease of elution. The method involves using a protein or a peptide modified to contain one or more affinity tags separated by one or more specific protease cleavage sites to isolate any interacting proteins or fragments thereof. Specifically exemplified is a method employing a modified bait containing AviTag or GST and a removal tag of His₆ hexapeptide positioned proximal to the bait such that any excess bait can be efficiently removed from the purified complex yielding enriched interacting proteins prior to subjecting the complex for further identification of individual components. The identification of the proteins or fragments thereof contained in the protein complex will provide new targets for the identification of new pharmaceuticals and diagnostic tools.

The inventive subject matter relates to an immunogenic composition and method of enhancing immunogenicity and protective immunity induced by any subunit or whole organism vaccine or combination of vaccines comprising administering to the subject a priming immunization preparation containing an antigen or fragment thereof, said preparation being selected from the group consisting of: a recombinant virus expression system; a recombinant protein antigen or a recombinant polypeptide; a synthetic peptide; a polynucleotide vector; a whole organism or extract and combinations thereof; and a boosting immunization of at least one alphavirus replicon containing an antigen or fragment thereof. The inventive subject matter further relates to an immunogenic composition and method of inducing an immune response that activates both cellular and humoral arms of the immune system.

Systems and methods for extracting information about an organism of interest, generally comprising, an atlas of the organism of interest; a storage device for at least temporarily storing an image of the organism of interest; and an operating device that automatically creates a map of the image of the organism of interest and automatically compares the map of the image to the atlas of the organism.

Synthesis of many proteins is tightly controlled at the level of translation and plays an essential role in fundamental processes such as cell growth and proliferation, signaling, differentiation or death. Methods that allow imaging and identification of nascent proteins allow for dissecting regulation of translation, both spatially and temporally, including in whole organisms. Described herein are robust chemical methods for imaging and affinity-purifying nascent polypeptides in cells and in animals, based on puromycin analogs. Puromycin analogs of the present invention form covalent conjugates with nascent polypeptide chains, which are rapidly turned over by the proteasome and can be visualized and specifically captured by a bioorthogonal reaction (e.g., [3+2]cycloaddition). The methods of the present invention have broad applicability for imaging protein synthesis and for identifying proteins synthesized under various physiological and pathological conditions in vivo.

A discovery process beginning with an in vivo screening of proteins, peptides, natural products, classical medicinal compound or other substances. The administration of compounds to the animal can be either direct or indirect, such as by the administration and expression of cDNA-containing plasmids. Since the discovery process of the invention is based on a non-preconceived hypothesis and whole organism multi-organ analysis, a compound can be selected for testing in the absence of any biological selection criteria. The resulting organism-wide pattern of the gene expression changes in the transcriptome provides an overview of the activities at the molecular and organism-wide levels. The discovery process of the invention then integrates in vivo profiling and internal and external genomic databases to elucidate the function of unknown proteins, typically within few months. The invention further relates to medical uses of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23), FGF-23 fragments, FGF-23 C-terminal polypeptides, FGF-23 homologs and/or FGF-23 variants.

The invention relates to a preparation method for subunit vaccines of Cryptocaryon irritans and application of the subunit vaccines of the Cryptocaryon irritans. Approval application and industrialization of the whole organism vaccines of the Cryptocaryon irritans encounter a great challenge, mostly because the parasites cannot be cultured in vitro and only breed on fish bodies, enough Cryptocaryon irritans bodies for producing the vaccines are difficult to obtain, most importantly, the normative production process and the quality standard are difficult to make, and thus, people are forced to conduct research in a deeper level to develop genetic engineering vaccines. Candidate genes of surface proteins C1 are screened from a transcriptome database of the Cryptocaryon irritans, and recombination proteins are expressed on tetrahymena, and accordingly the vaccines are prepared for immunizing seawater fishes; and by detecting the immunogenicity and protectiveness of the vaccines, effective protective antigenic genes of the Cryptocaryon irritans are screened.

The invention discloses a new application of a malaria erythrocytic stage inactivated whole organism vaccine, and in particular relates to an application of the malaria erythrocytic stage inactivated whole organism vaccine serving as a transmission blocking type vaccine. According to the new application disclosed by the invention, a plasmodium erythrocytic stage immune serum is applied to a plasmodium mosquito stage transmission stage, and a whole organism vaccine used at the erythrocytic stage is discovered to show a certain effect of blocking mosquito stage transmission, so that the application range of the whole organism vaccine is enlarged, the preventing and curing effects on an immune individual are achieved, and the transmission opportunity of malaria among groups can be greatly reduced.

The invention relates to a pharmaceutical compound for antioxidant protection of cells, tissues and entire organism against hyperproduction of fee radicals. The inventive compound comprises an effective quantity of at least one antioxidant in the form of a main acting component. Said antioxidant is selected from a group consisting peroxiredoxine, a fragment thereof, dihydrolipoic acid and the combinations thereof with acceptable pharmaceutical additives. The inventive method for preventing and curing mammals consists in contacting the effective quantity of the compound with intercellular space of tissue, organ and entire mammal organism. Low toxicity of the compound makes it possible to increase the efficiency of treatment of multifactor actions on an organism, for example radiation, thermal, chemical burn, wounds and hurts as a result of disasters and fires.

The invention relates to a medical composition for repairing testicular senescense and injury and strengthening the male function. The medical composition is a compound preparation which consists of Chinese medicines of epimedium and ginseng fiber. As proved by research, the compound preparation has good function in preventing D-galactose subacute senile mouse testis injury, and can improve the SOD activity of testis, reduce the MDA content and improve the oxidation resistance capability of the whole organism, maintain the balance of metabolism of free radicals and reduce lipid peroxidation, so as to effectively inhibit apoptosis of testicular cells induced by cellular oxidation, obviously improve or adjust metabolism of senile cells, and delay the aging process. The preparation can be taken as health food and medicine, and is used for preventing male senescence, repairing testicular senescense and injury and strengthening the male function.