The invention relates to a method for specifically and reversibly enriching a newborn
polypeptide chain. The preparation method comprises the following steps: marking a newly-born
peptide chain which is being translated on a
ribosome-mRNA compound in a
cell by using alkynyl-containing
puromycin (OPP), then mixing a
cell lysis solution with
azide functionalized resin containing cleavable sites, and specifically bonding the newly-born
peptide chain to a resin material by using a biological orthogonal reaction of alkynyl and
azide. And after non-specifically adsorbed
protein is washed off, the captured newly-born
peptide chain is efficiently released by
trypsin enzyme digestion. According to a
specific mass tag (provided by a cleavable tag and OPP) on the enriched newborn peptide chain, efficient identification of the newborn peptide chain is facilitated, and batch identification of the
mass spectrum level of the newborn peptide chain is realized at the same time. According to the method,
high selectivity and high efficiency of the enrichment process are ensured; meanwhile, as the enriched newborn
peptide fragment has a
specific mass label, the newborn peptide chain can be directly identified by virtue of the
mass migration of the
label, and the problem that the newborn
protein is difficult to verify after identification is solved.