The invention has discloses a piston outer circle diameter comprehensive measuring instrument, which solves problems in the present metering equipment that the precision is not high, the stability is poor and so on, and has the advantages of simple structure, easy to operate, high measuring accuracy. The structure of the instrument is that: a soleplate is provided, two sides of one end of which are provided with a localization block respectively, and which locates and installs a fixed vertical plate, a surveying vertical plate which comprises a big surveying vertical plate and a small surveying vertical plate is arranged to be opposite to the fixed vertical plate, and the surveying vertical plate is connected with an adjuster; a surveying plane plate is arranged between the fixed vertical plate and the surveying vertical plate, gauge head installments are arranged on both the fixed vertical plate and the surveying vertical plate; a sensor frame is installed on the soleplate at one side of the surveying vertical plate, and a dial indicator and a percent meter are installed on the sensor frame; the dial director is sliding fitted with the small surveying vertical plate by the adjuster, that is the same as the percent meter with the big surveying vertical plate, so as to get surveying value.