The invention discloses a three-axis permeability test and CO2 displacement simulation test device, and belongs to the field of coal bed gas exploitation. The device is composed of a model system (1),a gas control system (2), a temperature control system (3), a three-axis loading system (4), a vacuumizing system (5), a gas sample collecting system (6), and an electrical controlling and monitoringsystem. The gas control system (2) supplies gas for a test. The temperature control system (3) controls the temperature of the test. The three-axis loading system (4) supplies confining pressure andaxial pressure. The gas sample collecting system (6) collects a gas sample and analyzes the gas components. The electrical controlling and monitoring system monitors the test. The device can simulatethe CO2 displacement process in a lab; moreover, by measuring the pressure pulse applied on the inlet end of a rock sample, the attenuation data can be obtained, and then the permeability of rock sample is calculated. The device has the advantages that the temperature control precision is high, the temperature fluctuation is small, and the device is easy to control and install and is safe and reliable.