The application relates to the technical field of foam box production, and discloses a production equipment and method of a multilayer composite high-barrier foam box, which solves the problem that it is difficult to adjust the pre-pressure degree of the whole layer of plate according to requirements, and the production equipment comprises a base, a U-shaped frame is fixedly installed at the top of the base, a limiting mechanism is arranged on the U-shaped frame, a lower pressing roller is rotationally connected to the inner side of the U-shaped frame, an upper pressing roller is arranged directly above the lower pressing roller, a pre-pressure degree adjusting mechanism is arranged on the upper pressing roller, the pre-pressure degree adjusting mechanism comprises a lifting plate located on the inner side of the base, an L-shaped plate is fixedly connected to the top of the lifting plate, two supporting columns are symmetrically and fixedly connected between the L-shaped plate and the lifting plate, and a sliding block is movably sleeved with the outer side of each supporting column; the adjusting motor is started to drive the adjusting column to lift, the compression amount of the spring is controlled, the pre-pressure degree of the whole layer of plate can be adjusted according to requirements, and the like.