40results about How to "Direct current" patented technology

A grow light fixture that may be used for the replacement of high intensity discharge (HID) lamp fixtures used for growing plants includes a housing containing a plurality of both red and blue high power LEDs mounted to a circuit board, and powered by an onboard power supply. Control circuitry may include separate, infinitely variable controls to enable independent adjustment of the red and blue LED light output. A plurality of thermal vias made of copper or other thermally conductive material extend through the circuit board to conduct heat from the LEDs to a heat sink mounted on the back of the circuit board, and a fan may be used to vent the heat to the outside of the housing. The housing is mounted an appropriate distance above a plant in a growth media to provide user-controlled lighting for enhanced plant growth.

A switching power supply device of the invention includes: a switching circuit for interrupting direct current to generate a pulse voltage; a transformer including a primary winding, a secondary winding, and a core for magnetically coupling the primary winding and the secondary winding; a multi-layer wiring board having wiring lines constituting the primary winding and the secondary winding; a rectifier circuit for rectifying an alternating current; a smoothing circuit for suppressing ripple; and a control circuit for controlling an output voltage from the smoothing circuit. The multi-layer wiring board is provided with at least the switching circuit and the rectifier circuit and is arranged on a main wiring board, and the control circuit is arranged on the main wiring board.

In a DC-DC converter of synchronous rectifying system, a control circuit of DC-DC converter capable of improving the control voltage value of output voltage at light load and enhancing the power conversion efficiency, and its control method are presented. An inverting input terminal of comparator COMP2 of which non-inverting input terminal is connected to a grounding potential is connected to one terminal of choke coil L1 by way of terminal (X). An output terminal (N1) of comparator COMP2 is connected to a delay circuit DL, and an output terminal (N2) of delay circuit DL is connected to AND gate circuit AND1. The delay circuit DL is a circuit for delaying the transition from high level to low level of input terminal (N1). Excessive power supplied more than demanded by the load at light load is returned to choke coil L1. Elevation of output voltage VOUT due to excess power accumulated in output capacitor C1 can be suppressed.

A substrate bias generator which makes device characteristics stable by supplying a predetermined negative voltage to a substrate and minimally reduces current consumption during a self refresh mode. The substrate bias generator comprises a substrate voltage level detector for inputting a substrate voltage and outputting a signal which drives an oscillator in response to the input level, and a controller for inputting a chip active enable signal, a self refresh mode enable signal and an output signal of the substrate voltage level detector and controlling a switching operation of the substrate voltage level detector in response to the input level.

A hermetically sealed, electrolytic capacitor is provided having a lid incorporating a liquid seal on the wet side of the lid and a hermetic seal on the dry side of the lid. The lid includes a plate, with a hole through its thickness, and a flange creating an orifice in the hole, adjacent the underside of the lid. A liquid seal is positioned in the orifice and has a terminal insulated from the plate by an elastomeric ring. The terminal is electrically connected to the capacitor element on its wet side, and the terminal is electrically connected to the hermetic seal on its dry side.

A power cell system such as a fuel cell system, with apparatus for detecting a discontinuity. A power cell system, e.g. a fuel cell system, includes a plurality of power cells, e.g. fuel cells and plurality of first resistances, the plurality of power cells and first resistances being connected in the form of a ladder circuit, and electronic filters each having a first connection to a first node between two of the first resistances, each electronic filter having a second resistance and a charge storage device connected to the second resistance.

A direct current motor with brushes in which an armature is provided with a rotating shaft that is supported by a yoke housing, an armature core that is fitted and fixed to a rotating shaft from the outer side, and a commutator that is provided on the rotating shaft adjacent to the armature core with nine segments arranged in the circumferential direction. The armature core has nine teeth that extend in the radial direction in a radial pattern and nine slots that are formed between the teeth and extend in the axial direction, the segments having the same polarity are connected with short-circuiting members, and a pair of brushes that make sliding contact with the segments is disposed so as to be mutually point symmetric centered on the rotating shaft. According to the preset invention, it is possible to effectively achieve flattening of the direct current motor.

An ultra-broadband balun is provided. The balun comprises: a first unbalanced transmission line comprising a first ground trace and a signal trace; and a balanced transmission line comprising a first and second signal trace, wherein the first signal trace of the balanced transmission line is connected to the first ground trace of the first unbalanced transmission line and the second signal trace of the balanced transmission line is connected to the signal trace of the first unbalanced transmission line, wherein a first capacitor is disposed in series with one of the first ground trace of the first unbalanced transmission line and the first signal trace of the balanced transmission line.

A direct conversion circuit that includes an in-phase and quadrature-phase feedback path that reduces Direct Current (DC) offset. Each feedback path includes a compensating mixer that generates an error correction voltage that is passed through a loop gain circuit and an integrator. The integrated signal is applied to the output of a low pass filter that operates on the down-converted baseband signal. The direction conversion circuit may not only down convert the received modulated signal using a down-converting mixer into a baseband signal, but also, after performing a passive low pass filtering to remove higher-order components, performs up-conversion of the baseband signal using an up-converting mixer. This allows active elements operating on the up-converted signal to introduce less 1 / f noise.

Display device for indicating an operational state of a vehicle including a display unit, where the device shows graphical information on the display unit in the form of an arc-shaped scale and a number of numerals corresponding to the value of the operational state. The device includes an arc-shaped field with an extent from a first angle φ1 to a second angle φ2 and with an outer delimiting line that extends along the inside of the arc-shaped scale. The arc-shaped field is divided into a first segment A, which extends from the first angle φ1 to a third variable angle φ, and a second segment B, which extends from the third variable angle φ to the second angle φ2, where the third variable angle φ to the second angle φ2. The third variable angle φcorresponds to the relevant operational state of the vehicle and where φ1≦φ≦φ2, where the first segment A is arranged to assume a state that is visually distinguishable from the second area B.

A voltage balance control device and a voltage balance control method for a flying-capacitor multilevel converter are provided. A current direction forecasting unit acquires a voltage change amount of any selected flying capacitor of the flying-capacitor multilevel converter, and receives a feedback signal of two adjacent switch elements corresponding to the selected flying capacitor. A computing result is generated according to an average value or a cumulative value of the feedback signal in the adjusting period. After multiplication and / or division is performed on the voltage change amount and the computing result, the current direction can be forecasted according to the obtained sign. Consequently, the voltage balance of the flying capacitor of the flying-capacitor multilevel converter can be achieved.

A selection-addressing-type liquid crystal display selectively addresses a signal line of a pixel unit using groups of three selectors of a selector circuit in a time-division manner. A level converter level shifts selector pulses having a voltage swing corresponding to the external-circuit power supply to selector pulses having a voltage swing corresponding to the internal-circuit power supply. In a non-display region in partial display mode, the level converter is deactivated under the control of a control signal to reduce direct current consumption therein.

A direct current motor with brushes in which an armature is provided with a rotating shaft that is supported by a yoke housing, an armature core that is fitted and fixed to a rotating shaft from the outer side, and a commutator that is provided on the rotating shaft adjacent to the armature core with nine segments arranged in the circumferential direction. The armature core has nine teeth that extend in the radial direction in a radial pattern and nine slots that are formed between the teeth and extend in the axial direction, the segments having the same polarity are connected with short-circuiting members, and a pair of brushes that make sliding contact with the segments is disposed so as to be mutually point symmetric centered on the rotating shaft. According to the preset invention, it is possible to effectively achieve flattening of the direct current motor.

A method for providing medical therapy treatment includes steps for preparing an electrically activated substance, and for using and applying the electrically activated substance internally to a human or animal subject. The electrical activation process of the substance includes making changes in a physical property thereof, as demonstrated by the results.

The invention relates to a reconfigurable digital logic unit comprising at least one logic gate with a cell presenting a magnetic layer system, the resistance of which may be altered by means of magnetic field pulses. Said logic gate comprises at least one first leg with at least one data cell and a second leg, wired parallel to the above, with at least one reference cell and a means for determination of the resistances of the first and second legs, representing a measure of the logical state of the logic gate, whereby the first leg comprises at least two parallel data cells (2).

A system and method for providing a protective extra low voltage power supply in an elevator system (2) is disclosed. The power supply system (10) may include a switch mode power supply (12) configured to provide an output voltage, a first voltage monitor (18) and a second voltage monitor (20). Each of the first voltage monitor (18) and the second voltage monitor (20) may be configured to receive the output voltage and determine an over-voltage condition at the switch mode power supply (12).

A selection-addressing-type liquid crystal display selectively addresses a signal line of a pixel unit using groups of three selectors of a selector circuit in a time-division manner. A level converter level shifts selector pulses having a voltage swing corresponding to the external-circuit power supply to selector pulses having a voltage swing corresponding to the internal-circuit power supply. In a non-display region in partial display mode, the level converter is deactivated under the control of a control signal to reduce direct current consumption therein.

A transconductor for substantially canceling or reducing a direct current (DC) output offset and a method thereof are provided. The transconductor includes a differential amplifier, a sensing circuit, and a feedback current generation circuit. The differential amplifier outputs output signals having a DC output offset therebetween due to a difference between input signals or a mismatch between input terminals. The sensing circuit senses the DC output offset and outputs a sensing signal. The feedback current generation circuit provides a feedback current for adjusting a level of the output signals to the input stage of the differential amplifier in response to the sensing signal. Accordingly, the transconductor substantially cancels or reduces the DC output offset between the output signals in response to the feedback current.

A power cell system such as a fuel cell system, with apparatus for detecting a discontinuity. A power cell system, e.g. a fuel cell system, includes a plurality of power cells, e.g. fuel cells and plurality of first resistances, the plurality of power cells and first resistances being connected in the form of a ladder circuit, and electronic filters each having a first connection to a first node between two of the first resistances, each electronic filter having a second resistance and a charge storage device connected to the second resistance.

A method of driving a display panel includes receiving an input image data, based on which the display panel displays an image, outputting a first image data during N frames corresponding to a first reference time and outputting a second image data during M frames corresponding to a second reference time based on a inversion signal, where N and M are natural number, the first image data has a first polarity equal to a polarity of the input image data, and the second image data has a second polarity inverted from the polarity of the input image data, and skipping a first frame of the first image data and a first frame of the second image data based on the inversion signal.

In a manually operated switch for cutting off direct current, a PTC 9 as a non-linear resistor is parallel connected to a contact circuit composed of a first fixed contact 5-1 and a first movable contact 4-1, via a connecting unit 3-1, a top electrode 9-1, a bottom electrode 9-2, a connecting wire 6a and a movable unit 6. Firstly, the first fixed contact 5-1 and the first movable contact 4-1 are opened. However, since the PTC 9 is parallel connected and the contact circuit forms a closed circuit, surge voltage is difficult to occur, and cutoff current flows in the PTC 9. After peak current passes by the decrease of a resistance value due to the instantaneous heating of the PTC 9, voltage returns to power supply voltage by the increase of the resistance value of the PTC 9, and then the fixed contact 5-2 and the second movable contact 4-2 are opened. Accordingly, current is completely cut off.

A circuit for canceling a direct current (DC) offset in a communication system includes a digital-to-analog (D / A) converter assembly (30), a summing circuit (40), an inphase-to-quadrature (I / Q) modulator (50), a detecting module (70), and a microcontroller (80). The D / A converter assembly converts digital DC offset regulation signals to analog DC offset regulation signals. The summing circuit sums up the DC offset regulation signals and corresponding vectors of a received base band signal. The I / Q modulator converts the summed base band signal to a radio frequency (RF) signal. The detecting module detects an energy variation due to DC offset contained in the radio frequency (RF) signal. The microcontroller regulates the DC offset regulation signals output from the D / A converter assembly to minimize the energy variation detected by the detecting module. In the invention, the circuit saves energy and enhances qualities of communication signals.

A system and method for enhanced operation of an electric vehicle having a main battery for powering an electric drive motor by which the vehicle is drivable, including at least one air intake device operable, in forward motion of the vehicle or when the vehicle is stationary, to capture and channel air in flow through the intake device to at least one turbine adjacent to an outlet end of the air intake device to drive the turbine(s) to generate a first electrical energy at a first energy level and / or including one or more photovoltaic solar panels integrated with or adjacent to one or more body components of the electric vehicle and the one or more photovoltaic solar panels is / are adapted to generate a / the first energy at a / the first energy level. A secondary battery pack connected to an electrical energy outlet of the turbine(s) and / or photovoltaic panels receives the electrical energy generated by the turbine(s) and / or photovoltaic panels. A first auxiliary electric motor is drivable by the secondary battery pack for rotating an output shaft of the first auxiliary electric motor. A second auxiliary electric motor having an input shaft connected to the output shaft of the first auxiliary electric motor has an output terminal connectable to the main battery of the vehicle. A transmission couples the output and input shafts and provides a rotational speed step up from the first to the second of the auxiliary electric motors, whereby the second auxiliary electric motor is drivable to generate a second electrical energy, at a second energy level higher than the first energy level, able to be supplied from the output terminal of the second auxiliary electric motor to the main battery and / or the drive motor of the vehicle.

The invention concerns an HF-surgery device for cutting and / or coagulating biological tissue and a method for same, which in operation monitors the patient skin contact of a connected neutral electrode having at least two separate contact surfaces. The HF-surgery device includes at least one parallel resonant circuit arranged in a patient circuit, at least one measurement energy source arranged in a measurement circuit galvanically separated from the patient circuit for producing a measurement voltage / current acting between the contact surfaces of the neutral electrode, and at least one measuring and computing unit which in operation determines by means of the measurement voltage / current a tissue impedance which is representative of the patient skin contact and which acts between the contact surfaces. An HF-current flows in the patient circuit which is closed in the cutting or coagulation operation and the measurement voltage which is independent of the HF-current can be produced in the measurement circuit. To provide an improved HF-surgery device it is provided according to the invention that the frequency of the measurement voltage source is substantially equal to a resonance frequency of the parallel resonant circuit.

In various embodiments, a circuit for operating an LED includes input terminals for coupling to a supply voltage; output terminals for providing output DC voltage(s) to the LED(s); an inverter having a bridge circuit with at least first and second electronic switches comprising control electrodes, reference electrodes and working electrodes, wherein first and second electronic switches are serially coupled between input terminals, forming a first bridge center point; a first inductor serially coupled between first bridge center point and an output terminal; and a drive circuit having output terminals, wherein one output terminal is coupled to control electrode of first electronic switch and second output terminal is coupled to control electrode of second electronic switch; configured so that-drive circuit comprises control devices, wherein one control device includes a second inductor magnetically coupled to the first inductor, and wherein second control device includes third inductor magnetically coupled to first inductor.

A bonded soft magnet object comprising bonded soft magnetic particles of an iron-containing alloy having a soft magnet characteristic, wherein the bonded soft magnetic particles have a particle size of at least 200 nm and up to 100 microns. Also described herein is a method for producing the bonded soft magnet by indirect additive manufacturing (IAM), such as by: (i) producing a soft magnet preform by bonding soft magnetic particles with an organic binder, wherein the magnetic particles have an iron-containing alloy composition with a soft magnet characteristic, and wherein the particles of the soft magnet material have a particle size of at least 200 nm and up to 100 microns; (ii) subjecting the preform to an elevated temperature sufficient to remove the organic binder to produce a binder-free preform; and (iii) sintering the binder-free preform at a further elevated temperature to produce the bonded soft magnet.

There are provided a dielectric composition and a multilayer capacitor including the same. The dielectric composition contains: barium titanate (BaTiO3); and 0.6 to 0.9 mol of calcium (Ca) and 0.5 to 2.0 mol of magnesium (Mg) based on 100 mol of barium titanate.

A system and method for providing a protective extra low voltage power supply in an elevator system (2) is disclosed. The power supply system (10) may include a switch mode power supply (12) configured to provide an output voltage, a first voltage monitor (18) and a second voltage monitor (20). Each of the first voltage monitor (18) and the second voltage monitor (20) may be configured to receive the output voltage and determine an over-voltage condition at the switch mode power supply (12).

A ship screw, pump screw or turbine screw for use under water or another liquid, comprising a front side and a rear side, wherein water or another liquid is forced from the front side to the rear side in use, and comprising a hub and at least two blades extending from said hub, wherein the blades are substantially helical / spiral shaped, their effective surface area increasing from the front side toward the rear side.