The invention discloses a data fusion method for a flush air data system and an inertial navigation system. The method comprises the steps that 1, navigation information outputted by the inertial navigation system is collected; 2, the air temperature, the static pressure, the density and the sound velocity are calculated on the basis of a selected air model according to the navigation information; 3, the true airspeed, the mach number, the dynamic pressure, the attack angle and the sideslip angle are calculated according to the navigation information, the air temperature, the static pressure, the density and the sound velocity; 4, a resolving initial value is selected according to an air data resolving result of the inertial navigation system at the current moment and an air data fusion processing result at the last moment; 5, the mach number, the attack angle, the sideslip angle, the static pressure and the dynamic pressure are resolved according to the resolving initial value and a surface pressure value at a pressure tap of a flight vehicle; 6, the air data resolving data of the inertial navigation system and a resolving result of the flush air data system are fused. According to the data fusion method for the flush air data system and the inertial navigation system, the common problems existing in the flush air data system can be solved, and the air data measuring performance can be improved.