189 results about "Mass balance" patented technology

An operator interface within a process plant includes an execution engine that implements process flow modules made up of interconnected smart process objects that are aware of devices and other entities within the plant and that can perform methods to detect conditions within the plant, especially on a system-level basis. The smart process objects include a display element to be displayed to the operator, data storage for storing data pertaining to and / or received from an associated entity within a plant, inputs and outputs for communicating with other smart process objects and methods that may be executed on the stored and received data to detect plant conditions, including system-level conditions, such as leaks, errors and other conditions. Process flow modules, which may be made up of numerous interconnected smart process objects, may also include flow algorithms associated therewith to calculate mass balances, flows, etc. for the process elements within the process flow modules.

A multi-scale finite-volume (MSFV) method to solve elliptic problems with a plurality of spatial scales arising from single or multi-phase flows in porous media is provided. Two sets of locally computed basis functions are employed. A first set of basis functions captures the small-scale heterogeneity of the underlying permeability field, and it is computed to construct the effective coarse-scale transmissibilities. A second set of basis functions is required to construct a conservative fine-scale velocity field. The method efficiently captures the effects of small scales on a coarse grid, is conservative, and treats tensor permeabilities correctly. The underlying idea is to construct transmissibilities that capture the local properties of a differential operator. This leads to a multi-point discretization scheme for a finite-volume solution algorithm. Transmissibilities for the MSFV method are preferably constructed only once as a preprocessing step and can be computed locally. Therefore, this step is well suited for massively parallel computers. Furthermore, a conservative fine-scale velocity field can be constructed from a coarse-scale pressure solution which also satisfies the proper mass balance on the fine scale. A transport problem is ideally solved iteratively in two stages. In the first stage, a fine scale velocity field is obtained from solving a pressure equation. In the second stage, the transport problem is solved on the fine cells using the fine-scale velocity field. A solution may be computed on the coarse cells at an incremental time and properties, such as a mobility coefficient, may be generated for the fine cells at the incremental time. If a predetermined condition is not met for all fine cells inside a dual coarse control volume, then the dual and fine scale basis functions in that dual coarse control volume are reconstructed.

A drive for a motor-driven hand-held tool includes a motor (17) and a gear mechanism (20) for converting a rotational movement of the motor (17) into a reciprocating movement of the reciprocating drive element (30) for a working tool, with the gear mechanism (20) having a transmission element (23) axially secured on a support (21) with a support member (26) and including a mass-balance member (31), a first eccentric take-off element (24) cooperating with the reciprocating drive element (30) and a second eccentric take-off element (25) cooperating with the mass-balance member (31) for imparting reciprocating movement thereto, and with the support member (26) forming a slide support surface for the mass-balance member (31).

Spring set configurations that include an advantageous combination of spring geometries are disclosed. Spring elements having curved and straight sections, orientation of spring element anchor points with respect to the common radius, orientation of spring element segments with respect to a specific axis, balance of the length of spring elements about the common radius, and mass balance about the common radius can be used to mitigate unwanted out of plane motion. The spring set provides planar motion while reducing undesired out of plane motion making MEMS devices substantially insensitive to the process-induced etch angle variations of the spring elements. The spring set can be used in a MEMS gyro device which maintains the desired resonant modes and consistently low quadrature error even with process variations in manufacturing causing undesirable etch angles.

Embodiments for an engine exhaust are provided. In one example, a method comprises adjusting a fuel injection amount based on a fractional oxidation state of a catalyst, the fractional oxidation state based on reaction rates of a plurality of exhaust gas species throughout a catalyst longitudinal axis and a set of axially-averaged mass balance and energy balance equations for a fluid phase and a washcoat of the catalyst. In this way, a simplified catalyst model may be used to control air-fuel ratio.