The invention discloses a
programming-free
welding robot and a control method. The
welding robot comprises a
welding torch, an illuminator,
servo motors, encoders, a
wrist, a
forearm, an upper arm, an engine base, a turntable, a pillar, a base, a
grating ruler, a computer and drivers, wherein the
servo motor V is arranged inside the pillar, and a gear is connected onto the shaft of the
servo motor V and meshed with the rack of the base provided with the
grating ruler; the turntable at the upper end of the pillar is connected with the servo motor IV; the engine base and the upper arm, the upper arm and the
forearm, as well as the
forearm and the
wrist are connected through the servo motors respectively; the
welding torch, the illuminator and an
optical switch are arranged at the front end of the
wrist; each
encoder is mounted on the corresponding servo motor; the drivers and the encoders are connected with the computer. According to the invention, the welding
robot is manually moved to perform the whole set of operations such as moving, welding and returning, and the computer studies and saves all the motion tracks of the welding robot and then copies and inherits the motion tracks, so that the whole process including starting, moving, aligning, welding and returning can be completed; the difficulty that a robot is needed to be programmed is solved, the automatic welding can be implemented, and the operating efficiency and the welding quality are improved.