134 results about "Thermal instability" patented technology

A method and apparatus for depositing a material layer onto a substrate is described. The method includes delivering a mixture of precursors for the material layer into a process chamber and depositing the material layer on the substrate at low temperature. The material layer can be used as an encapsulating layer for various display applications which require low temperature deposition process due to thermal instability of underlying materials used. In one aspect, the encapsulating layer includes one or more material layers (multilayer) having one or more barrier layer materials and one or more low-dielectric constant materials. The encapsulating layer thus deposited provides reduced surface roughness, improved water-barrier performance, reduce thermal stress, good step coverage, and can be applied to many substrate types and many substrate sizes. Accordingly, the encapsulating layer thus deposited provides good device lifetime for various display devices, such as OLED devices. In another aspect, a method of depositing an amorphous carbon material on a substrate at low temperature is provided. The amorphous carbon material can be used to reduce thermal stress and prevent the deposited thin film from peeling off the substrate.

A method for depositing a carbon-containing material layer onto a substrate includes delivering a mixture of precursors for the carbon-containing material layer into a process chamber, doping the carbon-containing material layer with silicon, and depositing the carbon-containing material layer at low temperature. In one aspect, improved light transmittance of the carbon-containing material layer at all wavelengths of a visible light spectrum is obtained. In addition, a method for depositing an encapsulating layer is provided for various display applications which require low temperature deposition process due to thermal instability of underlying materials used. The encapsulating layer may include one or more barrier layer material layers and one or more amorphous carbon material layers. The amorphous carbon material can be used to reduce thermal stress and prevent the deposited thin film from peeling off the substrate.

The invention discloses a high-voltage electric field and hot air combined drying device. The high-voltage electric field and hot air combined drying device comprises a box body, a high-voltage electric field drying system, a hot air circulation drying system and a monitoring control system, wherein the high-voltage electric field drying system, the hot air circulation drying system and the monitoring control system are arranged on the box body. According to the high-voltage electric field and hot air combined drying device provided by the invention, the structural design is reasonable, the operability is strong, and the use is convenient; compared with traditional hot air drying, the drying efficiency is high, the drying temperature is low, the drying time can be shortened by 50% than the drying time of drying by pure hot air under the same temperature, the drying energy consumption can be reduced by 51.9%, the high-voltage electric field and hot air combined drying device is particularly suitable for drying materials containing thermal-instability active components, for example, drying the materials of traditional Chinese medicine, medicinal slices, drug, agricultural products, food, biological products and the like, the appearance quality after the drying is good, the reservation degree of the active components is high, and the application range is very wide.

The invention discloses a method for preparing cubilose extract used in cosmetics. Steps are as follows: (1) cryogenic grinding cubilose, sieving, adding water 20 times the weight of the dry cubilose, ultrasonic extracting at room temperature for 1h, filtering, (2) adding water 30 times the weight of the dry cubilose into the filter cake, boiling for 60 minutes under mechanical stirring, (3) cooling to room temperature, regualting pH to 9.8 with Na2CO3 solution, adding alkali protease 1.5% the weight of the dry cubilose, carrying out hydrolysis in water bath at 55deg.C under mechanical stirring, (4) deactivating enzyme at 85deg.C for 20min, (5) cooling to room temperature, regulating pH to neutrality with thin HCl, (6) filtering, combining the filtrate with ultrasonic extract, and freeze drying to obtain powdered cubilose extract. The invention has simple process, good extract water-solubility, high extraction yield, rational product molecular weight distribution, good wetness protection, high product whitening activity, and good product stability; and avoid the influence of boiling to the thermo instable active ingredient in hydrolysis technology. The obtained cubilose extract is suitable for using as cosmetic compounding.

A method for depositing a carbon-containing material layer onto a substrate includes delivering a mixture of precursors for the carbon-containing material layer into a process chamber, doping the carbon-containing material layer with silicon, and depositing the carbon-containing material layer at low temperature. In one aspect, improved light transmittance of the carbon-containing material layer at all wavelengths of a visible light spectrum is obtained. In addition, a method for depositing an encapsulating layer is provided for various display applications which require low temperature deposition process due to thermal instability of underlying materials used. The encapsulating layer may include one or more barrier layer material layers and one or more amorphous carbon material layers. The amorphous carbon material can be used to reduce thermal stress and prevent the deposited thin film from peeling off the substrate.

The invention relates to a method for preparing a catalyst with thermal-instability material carrier by using low-temperature plasma and an application of the catalyst, and the method comprises the following steps: impregnating thermal-instability material with metal salt; directly loading the thermal-instability material carrying the metal salt into a plasma discharger; vacuumizing the interior of the plasma discharger, then introducing plasma discharge gas, maintaining the pressure of the gas at 30-200Pa, utilizing a high-voltage power supply to apply 200-5000V direct current or alternatingcurrent to two ends of an electrode for enabling the discharge gas to discharge, and reducing or decomposing the metal salt with the formed plasma for 5-120 minutes without damaging the structure of the thermal-instability material so as to obtain the required catalyst finally. The catalyst with a thermal-instability material carrier, which is prepared from plasma, has the advantages of large output, good catalytic activity and the like, and the particle size of active components can be controlled easily. The adverse thermal effect and the series damages to the structure of the material with the thermal instability under high temperature can be avoided, so that the active components are fine and small in particles, uniform in distribution, high in purity and good in dispersivity.

A polyurethane polymer which has sterically hindered urea groups which lead to the effect that the polyurethane has thermal lability at these sites. The invention further relates to a composition for preparing such a polyurethane polymer, said composition being suitable for the production of reversible adhesive bonds, seals and coatings. An inventive polyurethane polymer, or the corresponding composition for production thereof, finds use especially in automobile construction, where the possibility of detaching adhesive-bonded components and window panes is of significance for dismantling for repair purposes or else for utilization and recycling of used and accident-damaged automobiles.

The invention provides a high-weatherability imitation-wood crust foaming material with high hardness, good toughness, high weatherability and low cost. According to the invention, titanium pigment and an ultraviolet absorbent are added to a common forming material. High weatherability and high thermal stability of rutile type titanium dioxide are utilized; and excellent thermal stability, chemical stability and light stability of the ultraviolet absorbent are utilized. The two materials are adopted in combination in the foaming material, such that the thermolability of the PVC material is effectively reduced, and the weatherability of the foaming material is improved. Organic or inorganic toners are adopted, such that an imitation-wood effect can be achieved through the blending of the toners. With the technical scheme provided by the invention, the appearance of the material is improved; and the use of wood powder is avoided, such that use of wood is reduced. Therefore, the material is beneficial for environmental protection. With the material provided by the invention, the risks during the production and the application processes are reduced.

Compositions and methods are disclosed for stabilizing glycerin-in-oil emulsions, which can be used to significantly reduce thermal instability or instability over time compared to traditional cosmetics or topical formulations. The compositions comprise one or more oil-soluble rheological modifiers and optionally one or more emulsifiers in a glycerin-in-oil emulsion.

The invention relates to a visible-near-infrared region wide-band perfect absorber. The visible-near-infrared region wide-band perfect absorber includes a substrate, a metal film layer and a metal-dielectric conical cylindrical composite structural layer; the metal-dielectric conical cylindrical composite structural layer is arranged on the metal film layer; and the metal film layer is arranged onthe substrate. With the visible-near-infrared region wide-band perfect absorber of the invention adopted, problems such as internal metal ohmic loss, thermal effect and thermal instability can be effectively avoided; the wide-band absorption of visible-near-infrared bands can be realized; and plasmon resonance modes within in a plurality of frequency ranges are generated, so that a wide-band electromagnetic wave perfect absorption characteristic can be obtained. The visible-near-infrared region wide-band perfect absorber of the invention has a wide application prospect in the fields of photoelectric devices such as infrared detection and photoelectric conversion devices, infrared imaging devices, solar anti-reflection coatings and heat radiators under high-temperature and high-heat conditions.

The invention discloses an inorganic salt type inhibitor for preventing and controlling spontaneous combustion of residual coal in a goaf of a coal mine, which belongs to the field of fire prevention and extinguishment in the goaf of the coal mine. The inorganic salt type inhibitor consists of sodium bicarbonate, calcium bicarbonate, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, sodium chloride and zinc chloride according to a certain proportion by weight. The average inhibiting rate of the inorganic salt type inhibitor can achieve 85%, and the inhibiting effect is ideal. When in use, the inhibitor is covered on the surface of the residual coal in the goaf, thereby achieving the effects of preventing and controlling the spontaneous combustion of a coal layer in the region for a long time. The dusting method of the inorganic salt type inhibitor for fire prevention and extinguishment is safe and stable, the process flow is simple, the operation is convenient, the initial investment is low, and the using cost is relatively low. The fire prevention and extinguishment technology of the inorganic salt type inhibitor which has thermal instability and can release inert gas carbon dioxide has broad application prospects in the work of preventing and controlling the spontaneous combustion fire disasters of the coal layers. The inorganic salt type inhibitor is applicable to the fire prevention and extinguishment in the goaf of the coal mine.

A method and apparatus for depositing a material layer onto a substrate is described. The method includes delivering a mixture of precursors for the material layer into a process chamber and depositing the material layer on the substrate at low temperature. The material layer can be used as an encapsulating layer for various display applications which require low temperature deposition process due to thermal instability of underlying materials used. In one aspect, the encapsulating layer includes one or more material layers (multilayer) having one or more barrier layer materials and one or more low-dielectric constant materials. The encapsulating layer thus deposited provides reduced surface roughness, improved water-barrier performance, reduce thermal stress, good step coverage, and can be applied to many substrate types and many substrate sizes. Accordingly, the encapsulating layer thus deposited provides good device lifetime for various display devices, such as OLED devices. In another aspect, a method of depositing an amorphous carbon material on a substrate at low temperature is provided. The amorphous carbon material can be used to reduce thermal stress and prevent the deposited thin film from peeling off the substrate.

A method for cooling a hot strip with less facilities and processing costs in which the temperature variation of a strip after cooling is controlled to be small and a cooling end temperature can be precisely controlled particularly when the hot strip is cooled to the temperature range of 500° C. or less is provided. The method for cooling a hot strip, which is obtained after a hot rolling process, by bringing cooling water into contact with the hot strip, includes a first cooling step and a subsequent second cooling step. In this method, cooling is stopped at a strip temperature that is higher than a transition boiling initiation temperature in the first cooling step, and the cooling is conducted using the cooling water having a water flow rate that causes nucleate boiling in the subsequent second cooling step. Entering the temperature range of transition boiling can be completely prevented to avoid thermal instability in cooling resulting from the transition boiling, and the temperature variation of the strip after cooling is controlled to be small while the cooling end temperature can be precisely controlled.

The invention discloses an enhanced heat transfer system and method, and belongs to the field of micro evaporators. The enhanced heat transfer system is composed of an upper cover plate, a periodic staggered micro-channel array plate and a simulation heat source. A liquid working medium enters the staggered micro-channel array and is heated to generate gas-liquid phase change, the gas-liquid two-phase working medium is periodically divided in the staggered micro-channel array, and meanwhile, five types of enhanced heat transfer modes are realized: (1) the gas-liquid contact area is increased through gas-phase division, so that latent heat exchange is increased; (2) superheated liquid energy is released from more gas-liquid interfaces, so that the interface expansion rate is reduced, and flow and thermal instability caused by rapid expansion of the interface are fundamentally inhibited; (3) bubble segmentation delays heat transfer deterioration caused by the fact that a large-area steam film covers a heating surface; (4) a bubble tail turbulent flow area is increased, and convection heat exchange is enhanced; and (5) periodical separation and re-development of the heat boundary layer of the near-wall area occur through periodical division of the liquid phase, the heat exchange resistance of the near-wall area is remarkable, and convection heat exchange is improved.

The invention provides a pressurizing and liquid-cooling thermal-instability inhibiting system for batteries. The system includes a liquid-cooling system which is used for cooling batteries in a battery case. The liquid-cooling system comprises a liquid storage tank, a liquid cooling pump, a heat-dissipating device and a liquid tube. The liquid pipe includes a connecting tube which is arranged at an exterior of the battery case and a plurality of cooling tubes which are arranged among the batteries. Material of the cooling tube is plastic which has a thermal deformation temperature between a highest usage temperature of the batteries and a thermal-instability temperature of the batteries. The liquid-cooling system is connected to a pressurizer which is used for pressurizing the liquid-cooling system and enables a thermally-deformed cooling tube to explode to carrying out a cooling process to the adjacent batteries, wherein the thermally-deformed cooling tube contacts to a thermally-instabilized battery. Through a pressurization process by the pressurizer, when a battery is thermally-instabilized, a mass of heat is generated to enable the cooling tube to deform and explode. Temperature of the battery and the surrounding batteries is decreased since liquid is sprayed around the batteries. Furthermore, a thermal-instability chain reaction of the batteries is inhibited, thereby ensuring safety of the batteries.

The invention relates to a thermoplastic elastomer styrene-isoprene-styrene (SIS) framework material extruded and coated by an extruder. The material is particularly suitable for medical external preparations, is linear triblock copolymer (styrene-isoprene-styrene) which is prepared from 15 to 25 weight percent of styrene and 75 to 85 weight percent of isoprene serving as monomer raw materials, wherein the middle of the triblock copolymer is a polyisoprene chain segment, while the two ends are polystyrene chain segments; the molecular weight of the triblock copolymer is between 120,000 and 150,000; and molecular weight distribution is narrow. The framework material is characterized by also comprising 15 to 50 mass percent of diblock copolymer which consists of the styrene and the isoprene. In application to medicament transdermal patches, health care patches and cosmetic masks, the copolymer has large medicament loading rate and good transdermal absorption effect, adapts to pasting on the skins of human bodies, and lowers the volatilization and damage of volatile components and thermal unstable components during high temperature forming.

A method and apparatus for depositing a material layer onto a substrate is described. The method includes placing the substrate in a process chamber, delivering a mixture of precursors for the material layer into the process chamber, delivering a hydrogen gas into the process chamber to improve water-barrier performance of the material layer, controlling the temperature of the substrate to a temperature of about 100° C. or lower, applying an electric field and generating a plasma inside the process chamber, and depositing the material layer on the substrate. The material layer can be used as an encapsulating layer for various display applications which require low temperature deposition process due to thermal instability of underlying materials used. The encapsulating layer thus deposited provides reduced surface roughness, improved water-barrier performance which can be applied to any substrate type including wafer, glass, and plastic film (e.g., PET, PEN, etc.) and any substrate size in the flat panel industry.

The invention discloses a method for preparing calcium hyaluronate with low molecular weight. Said method utilizes the acid instability and thermal instability of hyaluronic acid to make the molecular weight of the hyaluronic acid by degraded into 5000-10000, then adds the inorganic calcium salt to make the hyaluronic acid be converted into the calcium hyaluronate, then utilizes the organic solvent obtained by mixing ethyl alcohol and acetone, etc. with water to make the calcium hyaluronate be precipitated and separated out. The technological process of said preparation method is relatively simple, its period is short, and is about 10 hr. and it is suitable for industrial large scale production. Said calcium hyaluronate has high water solubility, and aqueous solution stability.

A method and apparatus for temperature stabilization of a wavelength of a laser compensate for thermal instability of a internal etalon of the wavelength using the results of measuring the wavelength with an external wavelength meter.

A visible-near infrared area broadband perfect absorber is featured by comprising a metal film, a medium film and a metal-medium stack layer; the metal-medium stack layer is arranged on the medium film; the medium film is arranged on the metal film; the metal-medium stack layer is formed by periodically arraying metal-medium composite structures. The solar energy full spectrum scope perfect lightabsorber has the high temperature and heat resistance physics property, thus effectively preventing metal ohmic losses, heat effect and thermal unstability problems, and realizing broadband absorptionof UV-visible-infrared wave bands; the electromagnetic wave in the solar energy full spectrum scope can be perfectly absorbed; the solar energy full spectrum scope perfect light absorber can be widely applied to the photoelectric devices under high temperature and heat resistance conditions, such as infrared detection and photoelectric conversion, infrared imaging, solar energy anti-reflection coating and heat radiator fields.

An integrated circuit, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, includes a first device under test (DUT) module coupled to a first ring oscillator module and a second DUT module coupled to a second ring oscillator module. The first DUT module is biased such that interface traps are generated during a first mode. The generated interface traps result in a decrease in a first drive current of the first DUT module. The second device under test module is biased to maintain a reference drive current during the first mode. The operating frequency of the first ring oscillator module, during a second mode, is a function of the first drive current. The operating frequency of the second ring oscillator module, during the second mode, is a function of the reference drive current. The integrated circuit may also include a comparator module for generating an output signal as a function of a difference between the operating frequency of the first and second ring oscillator modules.

The invention relates to a device for improving stability of deep ultraviolet (DUV) lasers. The device comprises a DUV nonlinear frequency-conversion crystal device which is formed by clamping a DUV nonlinear frequency-conversion crystal between two right-angle prisms and closely combining the three through a metal shell, wherein the top surface and the bottom surface of the metal shell are provided with heat-dissipating devices respectively; a layer of heat-conducting media is arranged between the heat-dissipating devices and the metal shell of the nonlinear frequency-conversion crystal device; the metal shell of the DUV nonlinear frequency-conversion crystal device is closely fixed together with the heat-dissipating devices through screws or adhesive; coolers are positioned between the heat-dissipating devices and the metal shell and are in close contact with the two through the heat-conducting media; and the coolers are electrically connected with a temperature control instrument. The device adopts a temperature control technique to control the DUV nonlinear frequency-conversion crystal at a certain set temperature in order to maintain phase matching, thereby effectively solving the problem of the thermal instability of DUV nonlinear frequency-conversion lasers and enabling the DUV nonlinear frequency-conversion lasers to be more practical.

The invention discloses a 3D porous electrode preparation method and a use of a 3D porous electrode in electrochemical hydrogen evolution and belongs to the field of electrochemistry. The method comprises repeatedly impregnating a commercial carbon cloth with a transition metal salt, putting the commercial carbon cloth with the transition metal salt and a heat-labile nitrogen-containing monomer into a porcelain boat, and carrying out stepwise calcining treatment to obtain the 3D porous electrode comprising carbon tubes growing on the activated carbon cloth. The method has simple processes, less equipment investment and small batch difference and is suitable for large scale production. The 3D porous electrode has well-developed tunnel distribution, a high specific surface area and excellent conductivity. The 3D porous electrode can be used in the water electrolysis oxygen-evolution hydrogen-evolution reaction, can test hydrogen evolution reaction activity at a low temperature and has excellent catalytic performances.

The invention relates to a method and a system for continuously preparing 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) and a derivative 5-alkoxymethylfurfural (5-AMF) thereof with hexose or hexose-containing biomass as a material. The method takes the characteristic of thermal instability in a target product into full consideration and utilizes the characteristic of distinct polarity difference between the product and the material, a reaction unit and an extraction unit are separated in the process of preparing the 5-HMF and the 5-AMF, the biomass material reacts along with a polar reaction phase under high temperature and existence of a catalyst, the produced product flows out of reaction environment in time, and after being cooled, the product is extracted and retained by a non-polar extraction phase under normal temperature and pressure. The insufficiently reacting material or a polar intermediate product is retained in the polar reaction phase, and enters the reaction unit again to form circulation until the reaction is sufficient. In order to increase the distribution ratio and extraction efficiency of the product, a certain amount of inorganic salt can be added into a polar solvent. The method and the device effectively increase the selectivity and yield of the target product, and remarkably reduce the energy consumption of the whole preparation process. Material resources applicable to the method and the system are wide, including soluble monosaccharide, insoluble lignocellulose and the like. Pickiness about catalysts is avoided, and homogenous and heterogeneous catalysts which are commonly used in such reaction are all applicable to the method and the system.

The invention discloses a security domain-based safe optimization and control method for electric power thermal stability. The method comprises the following steps: N-1 faults that may occur in a power grid are analyzed and determined according to power grid parameters and a power grid structure, hyperplane coefficients corresponding to all lines are obtained, transmission power of all the lines in an electric power system is calculated via an initial operating point of the electric power system and the hyperplane coefficients, whether the transmission power of all the lines exceeds limitation values therefor can be determined, whether the initial operating point is an instability operation point can be determined thereby, lines with transmission power exceeding the limitation values are screened out, overload rates of overload lines are calculated, a line with a largest overload rate is screened and corresponding hyperplane coefficients are obtained, a minimum electricity generation adjustment amount of the instability operating point is calculated, a stable operation point can be obtained if all adjusted lines are not longer overloaded, otherwise the adjusted operation point of the electric power system is subjected to load shedding operation. Via the method, operation workers of the electric power system can be guided to effectively control thermal instability running states of the electric power system.

Provided is a hydroxyl-protected alcohol comprising a thermolabile hydroxyl-protecting group comprising a 2-pyridyl substituent and a precursor of the thermolabile hydroxyl-protected alcohol. An exemplary thermolabile hydroxyl-protected alcohol is represented by the formula Pg-O—R, wherein Pg is a protecting group of the formula: (Formula) wherein: A is a 2-pyridyl; Z is CH2 or NR1; R1, R2, R2′, R3 and R3′ are the same or different and each can be, e.g., H, alkyl, or alkyl comprising an aryl substituent; W is CO, CS, or SO; and R is the organic residue of the hydroxyl-protected alcohol. Also provided is a method of producing an alcohol, which method comprises heating the hydroxyl-protected alcohol, which optionally may be obtained from a precursor, at a temperature effective to cleave the hydroxyl-protecting group. The method can be used to produce oligonucleotides.

The invention provides a battery temperature monitoring early warning system and a power supply device. The battery temperature monitoring early warning system comprises a liquid cooling flat tube, at least one temperature detection unit and an early warning unit, wherein the liquid cooling flat tube is arranged inside a battery module; at least one section of the liquid cooling flat tube is positioned between any two adjacent layers of sub-modules; the temperature detection unit is used for detecting the temperature of the liquid cooling flat tube and used for transmitting detected temperature to the early warning unit; the early warning unit is used for transmitting an early warning signal in case of thermal instability of the battery module. By adopting the battery temperature monitoring early warning system and the power supply device of the design, the early warning unit is used for transmitting an early warning signal in case of thermal instability of the battery module, the temperature inside the battery module can be effectively detected, when thermal instability happens, drivers and passengers can be reminded in time, and areas of thermal instability can be accurately locked through assistance.

A method of drying fresh plant material wherein the fresh plant material containing a desired heat labile compound is exposed to microwave energy at an intensity and for a time sufficient to remove a majority of the water from the plant material without degrading a majority of the heat labile compound. The method is particularly suited to in-field drying of freshly harvested plant material to reduce the weight and volume of the plant material for savings transportation costs to an extraction facility while preserving at high levels the amount and activity of the desired heat labile compound.