The invention provides an austempered ductile iron adjusting chemical component. The chemical component uses Mn and Si as a base to substitute Mo and Ni, and contains a plurality of elements comprising Cu, B, Nb and Cr to realize low and micro alloying, so the respective effects of all elements are fully performed, the interactive effect promotion is realized, the hardenability is increased, the alloy consumption is reduced, and the cost is reduced. The invention also provides a new austempered ductile iron quenching technology matched with the austempered ductile iron. The technology is a step austempering technology using step quenching oil and an air isothermal furnace. The heat treatment of a workpiece through the technology realizes crystal grain refinement, good hardenability, high strength and toughness, low hardness (HB190-240) before the step austempering treatment, and good processing performances; and the obtained processed austempered ductile iron has a high hardness (HRC35-56) and extremely less oxidation and deformation, so the precision is guaranteed, and finishing treatments comprising grinding and the like are not needed. Compared with traditional nitrate bath austempering technologies, the austempered ductile iron quenching technology has the advantages of low cost, no generation of large amounts of harmful substances comprising nitrite or the like, low pollution and safety.