The invention discloses a free networking method of an RS485 communication terminal. A master station is in unidirectional semi-closed-loop serial connection with slave stations; the master station sends a networking command to a first slave station, starts overtime timing and waits for response information; after the first slave station receives the networking command, the first slave station takes the received slave station address as its own address, returns the response information, and adds one to its own address and sends the address to a next slave station; if correct response information is received in the overtime range of the master station, the received slave station address is stored, timing is restarted, and the response information of the next slave station is waited; after the next slave station receives the networking command, the next slave station takes the received slave station address as its own address, returns the response information, adds one to its own address and sends the address to a next slave station until the master station is overtime, and a networking finishing command is sent through an RS485, thus finishing the networking process. According to the method, the wiring is simplified; moreover, the address of each slave station can be allocated automatically, accurately and rapidly without manual intervention; the positions of the slave stations can be freely placed or replaced; and the debugging is efficient and convenient.