The invention belongs to the field of modified phenolic resins, and concretely relates to an ultra wear-resistant nanomaterial modified phenolic resin and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the nanomaterial modified phenolic resin comprises the following steps: 1, carrying out surface modification of a nanomaterial: dissolving a surfactant in an organic solvent, adding nanoparticles, and sequentially carrying out mechanical stirring, ball milling and ultrasonic reaction treatment to obtain a surface modified nanoparticle suspension, wherein above nanoparticles are one or more of nano-ZrO2, nano-ZnO, nano-SiO2, nano-SiC, nano-TiO2 and nano-Al2O3; and 2, adding phenolic resin into the nanoparticle suspension, fully stirring, carrying out ultrasonic reaction treatment, carrying out vacuum drying, and crushing to obtain the ultra wear-resistant nanomaterial modified phenolic resin. The nanomaterial modified phenolic resin has the advantages of strong heat stability, excellent wear resistance and extremely low wear rate, and can be widely used to prepare high performance friction materials.