The invention relates to a medium-voltage frequency conversion speed regulation device special for an electric submersible pump. A three-phase 700V-3,300V alternating current passes through the input of a rectifier module and is firstly converted into a direct current, the output of the rectifier module is connected with a direct-current filter module in parallel, the direct current is filtered, the positive voltage output, the zero voltage output and the negative voltage output of the direct-current filter module are connected to corresponding positions of an inverter module, a three-phase alternating voltage output by the inverter module is connected to a sine wave filter, and the filtered three-phase alternating voltage is connected to an electric submersible pump unit through the output of the sine wave filter. The inverter module is of a three-level topological structure formed by an IGBT module with the rated voltage of 6,500 V, direct frequency conversion speed regulation can be achieved under the 3,300V alternating voltage, a transformer does not need to be boosted, and the occupied area and cost of equipment are lowered. Meanwhile, the sine wave filter is integrated inside, the need of the electric submersible pump for long cable supply can be met, insulation damage caused by harmonic waves to a power supply cable and the electric submersible pump unit is lowered, the service life of the device is prolonged, and the maintenance cost of the device is lowered.