76results about How to "No signal interference" patented technology

The invention relates to a touch panel with an antenna and a touch display device. The touch display device comprises the touch panel and a display module; the touch panel comprises a flexible transparent film with a first section and a bending part; a metal mesh line, which is arranged on at least one surface of the flexible transparent film and arranged in the first section, and is structured as a visible touch area; a plurality of metal wires, which are arranged on at least one surface of the flexible transparent film and arranged at the periphery of the visible touch area, and electrically connected with the metal mesh line; and an antenna radiator, which is arranged on at least one surface of the flexible transparent film, and located at the bending part, wherein the antenna radiator, the metal mesh line and at least one of the plurality of metal wires are located at the same surface and molded on the surface once. The display module includes a side, and the antenna radiator is opposite to the side of the display module. The antenna radiator is formed by using a same process step of forming an induction electrode of the visible touch area and metal wires in a peripheral line area, so that the overall thickness is consistent.

The invention relates to a multi-scale multi-phase dispersion strengthening iron-based alloy and a preparing and representation method thereof. The alloy comprises a matrix and a strengthening phase.The strengthening phase comprises at least two kinds of strengthening phase particles different in size. The strengthening phase particles, with the grain size smaller than or equal to 50 nm, in the two kinds of strengthening phase particles different in size account for 85%-95% of the total volume of all the strengthening phase particles. The matrix is a Fe-Cr-W-Ti alloy. The strengthening phasecomprises Y2O3 crystals, a Y-Ti-O phase, a Y-Cr-O phase and a Y-W-O phase. A representation method of the multi-scale multi-phase dispersion strengthening iron-based alloy comprises the steps that thestrengthening phase in the alloy is separated through electrolysis, and then representation is conducted through an electron microscope. The room-temperature tensile strength of the prepared alloy ishigher than 1,600 MPa, the tensile strength of the alloy is larger than 600 MPa when the temperature is 700 DEG C, and the comprehensive mechanical performance is obviously superior to that of same-mark and same-type alloys.

The inventive embodiment discloses a wireless handset and system applied to ETC lane and realizing method therefore, wherein the wireless handset comprises a wireless transmission module for exchanging information with ETC lane control host antenna by wireless transmission network; functional keys for inputting relative vehicle information; a display screen for displaying information about functional keys input result and IC card read-write result; an IC card read-write module for reading information in an IC card and transmitting the information to the ETC lane control host by the wireless transmission module, and executing operation of fee deducting and data writing according to the returning control information from the ETC lane control host; and a microprocessor for intensively controlling operation and interaction of each module unit. The adoption of the invention enables the wireless hardest to quickly finish judgment for the validity of vehicle IC card and operation of fee deducting and car passing when the ETC can not work well, thereby the traffic of lane is assured.

The invention relates to a shift register and a liquid crystal display using the shift register. The liquid crystal display comprises a liquid crystal panel, a data driving circuit and a scan driving circuit, wherein the data driving circuit and the scan driving circuit comprise the shift register, each shift register comprises a plurality of shift register units, clock signals which are received by two adjacent shift registers are reverse, output signal of a front shift register unit is an input signal of a next shift register unit, and each shift register unit comprises a signal output circuit, a signal input circuit and a logic circuit. The shift register and the liquid crystal display and a driving method of the shift register have no interference to output signals.

The present invention belongs to the display technological field and relates to a thin film encapsulation structure, a display device, and a preparation method of the display device. The thin film encapsulation structure provided by the invention comprises a thin film encapsulation layer and electromagnetic shielding layers; the electromagnetic shielding layers are located in the thin film encapsulation layer; each electromagnetic shielding layer comprises a wire mesh formed by metal material; and the electromagnetic shielding layers isolate two side surface regions of the thin film encapsulation structure from each other, so that the thin film encapsulation structure has an electromagnetic interference shielding function; inorganic material passivation layers and organic material buffer layers are alternately arranged in the thin film encapsulation layer, and therefore, the thin film encapsulation structure has an excellent water and oxygen barrier property, the encapsulation effect of the thin film encapsulation structure can be improved, the aging of organic materials can be prevented, and the service life of an OLED device can be prolonged. The invention also provides a displaydevice comprising electromagnetic shielding layers; and the electromagnetic shielding layers isolate an OLED display layer from a touch control layer, and shield signals generated by the cathode of the OLED display layer, and therefore, the interference of the signals generated by the cathode on the signals of the touch control layer can be weakened or eliminated, and touch control performance can be improved.

The invention relates to a multiplex device of a near field communication (NFC) coil and a wireless charging coil. The multiplex device comprises a first coil, a second coil, a carrier, a metal circuit, an NFC circuit, a wireless charging circuit, a control circuit and a magnetic switching mechanism; during wireless charging, the magnetic switching mechanism is used for combining the first coil and the second coil to form a charging coil according to a current provided by the control circuit, communicating with the wireless charging circuit to form a wireless charging loop and simultaneously cutting off the NFC circuit; and during NFC, the magnetic switching mechanism is used for disconnecting the first coil and the second coil according to the current provided by the control circuit, disconnecting the wireless charging circuit and enabling the first coil and the NFC circuit to form an NFC loop. A current signal is used for controlling the magnetic switching mechanism so as to achieve switching between wireless charging and NFC, the magnetic switching mechanism can be used for thoroughly cutting off the wireless charging loop and the NFC loop, and no efficiency loss is generated; and meanwhile, the NFC circuit is disconnected during wireless charging, the wireless charging circuit is disconnected during NFC, and no signal interference exists between the NFC circuit and the wireless charging circuit.

The invention discloses a pipeline detection robot which is arranged in a fluid conveying pipeline and comprises a mobile carrier, and a power module, a primary control module, a positioning module and a pipeline detection module arranged on the mobile carrier. The power module, the primary control module and the positioning module are arranged on the mobile carrier; the power module, the positioning module and the pipeline detection module are electrically connected with the primary control module; the positioning module is used for positioning a geographic space position of the mobile carrier; and the pipeline detection module is connected with the mobile carrier and is used for detecting whether the state along the pipeline is abnormal or not. The pipeline detection robot is simple in structure and convenient to use; and the robot only needs to be put in the pipeline after being started, so that the robot moves in the pipeline along a material flowing direction, the pipeline state at a current position point is detected through the carried pipeline detection module, and in addition, the positioning module can jointly provide the state distribution information along the pipelineaccording to the combination of positioning information and a result detected by the pipeline detection module at the same time.

The invention relates to an unmanned on-duty intelligent settlement channel. The unmanned on-duty intelligent settlement channel includes channels, a front release swing gate, a back release swing gate, face identification cameras, an RFID reader-writer, a card reader, a display screen and an entrance guard device, wherein the face identification cameras include a front face identification cameraand a back face identification camera; the channel bodies of the channels include a front channel body, an intermediate channel body and a back channel body; the RFID reader-writer is arranged on theinner wall of one side plate of the intermediate channel body; the card reader and the display screen are arranged on the upper part of the inner wall of the back channel body in an opposite manner; and the entrance guard device is arranged at the lower part of the inner wall of the side plate at the same side of the card reader. The unmanned on-duty intelligent settlement channel has the advantages of being high in the settlement efficiency, being low in the labor cost, being short in the time for queuing for payment, being high in the payment speed, being good in the shopping experience, guaranteeing that no signal interference exists, greatly reducing the information reading error and repetition of information reading, and being able to realize comprehensive automatic authentication andautomatic settlement and payment.

The invention discloses a power control method and device. The device comprises: a device; the communication device firstly receives a first power value and a second power value configured at a network side; wherein the first power value is the maximum allowable transmission power value of the first cell group configured for the communication equipment device by the network side; wherein the second power value is the maximum allowable sending power value of a second cell group configured by the network side for the communication equipment; therefore, the communication equipment device determines the total guaranteed power value of the communication equipment when the resources of the first cell group and the second cell group are overlapped according to the first power value and the secondpower value, so that the problem of effective power control of the dual-connection communication equipment device under different standards can be solved.

The invention discloses an LED display device and an LED display screen case body. The LED display device comprises at least one LED unit board, a signal wire, a power wire and an earth wire; the LED unit board comprises a PCB, a plurality of groups of LEDs, at least two single-wire drive control chips and at least one connection part; each group of LEDs are arranged on the first lateral surface of the PCB, and each single-wire drive control chip is arranged on the second lateral surface of the PCB; each single-wire drive control chip is only provided with a signal input interface and a signal output interface, and the single-wire drive control chips are serially cascaded only through one control signal wire; the connection part is used for connecting the corresponding connection parts of other LED unit boards and fixedly arranged on the PCB; and the signal wire, the power wire and the earth wire are printed on the PCB respectively, and the adjacent wires are distributed in equal distance.

Embodiments of the present invention disclose a charge-by-household system of air conditioners. The charge-by-household system comprises at least one air-conditioning unit comprising air-conditioning external units and at least one air-conditioning internal unit; an intelligent electric meter used for metering power consumption information of each air-conditioning external unit; and a charging gateway used for calculating electric charge of each air-conditioning external unit according to obtained operation information of the air-conditioning external units and the air-conditioning internal units and the power consumption information of each air-conditioning external unit. According to the charge-by-household system of the air conditioners, the power consumption information of a plurality of air-conditioning external units is metered by using one intelligent electric meter, so that the size of the charge-by-household system is reduced; the intelligent electric meter is directly and electrically connected with the charging gateway, so that bus wiring is simplified, and signal interference among a plurality of buses is prevented; and communication stability and reliability between the charging gateway and the intelligent electric meter are improved, communication fault rates are reduced, and installation cost is correspondingly reduced.

The invention relates to an integrated impulse ultrasound-sound transmitting transducer for detecting composite materials. The integrated impulse ultrasound-sound transmitting transducer comprises a piezoelectric sensing element, a transducer shell, a damping back lining block, a delaying block, an electrode, a connecting base, a sealing cover and a locking ring; a broadband piezoelectric crystal is used for ultrasonic excitation and sound transmitting signal receiving and belongs to the integrated impulse ultrasound-sound transmitting transducer; the integrated impulse ultrasound-sound transmitting transducer has small volume, good time domain pulse characteristics, high detection sensitivity, high resolution ratio, clear law of ultrasound-sound transmitting signals, good accuracy on qualitatively and quantitatively detecting defects, and good applicability, can be used for manual scanning detection, automatic scanning detection and defect imaging analysis of parts with different composite materials, and can remarkably improve the ultrasonic inspection resolution ratio and a surface non-detection zone of the composite material and greatly improve the detect detection capability of the composite materials, the detection thickness can reach 50mm, the detection sensitivity to defects with phi3mm and the depth of 45mm can be achieved, and the frequency selection range is 1-7.5MHz.

The invention discloses a water pipe water leakage monitoring method and belongs to the technical field of detection. The water pipe water leakage monitoring method adopts a water pipe water leakage monitoring device and specifically comprises the steps that a flow detection module transmits a flow signal to a nuclear control module; a threshold value compared with the flow signal corresponding to the flow detection module is set in the nuclear control module; when the flow signal value detected by the flow control module in a specific time is larger than and / or equal to the corresponding threshold value, water pipe water leakage is judged; and at this time, the nuclear control module conducts voice broadcast through an alarm module, conducts image display through a display module and meanwhile drives a water flow controller to be closed through a drive module. By adoption of the water pipe water leakage monitoring method, the problems that existing water pipe water leakage monitoring methods are low in detection precision, high in mounting cost and prone to causing signal attenuation and interference can be solved.

The invention discloses a positioning method and device. The method comprises the steps of: determining an adjacent cell performing cooperative positioning with a first cell, wherein the SRS (Sounding Reference Signal) resource configured for the adjacent cell and the SRS resource configured for the first cell belong to mutually orthogonal SRS resources; aiming at any terminal in the first cell, receiving wireless signal measurement values sent by a first group of access points, wherein the first group of access points are located in the first cell and can receive uplink signals of the terminal; acquiring wireless signal measurement values sent by the adjacent cell, wherein the wireless signal measurement values are generated by a second group of access points in the adjacent cell, and the second group of access points can receive uplink signals of the terminal; and generating a positioning result of the terminal for multi-cell joint positioning according to the wireless signal measurement values of the first group of access points and the second group of access points.

The invention provides an electric connector and a manufacturing method thereof. The electric connector comprises an upper terminal component, a lower terminal component, an earth plate and an outer insulator. The upper terminal component comprises a plurality of upper terminals and upper insulating parts, the upper terminals are in spaced arrangement, and the upper insulating parts are formed on the upper terminals by means of injection molding. The lower terminal component comprises a plurality of lower terminals and lower insulating parts, the lower terminals are in spaced arrangement, and the lower insulating parts are formed on the lower terminals by means of injection molding. The earth plate is clamped between the upper terminal component and the lower terminal component. The outer insulator is formed outside the upper terminal component, the lower terminal component and the earth plate by means of injection molding. Therefore, signal interference between the upper terminals and the lower terminals of the electric connector is avoided, and signal transmission quality is improved. In addition, the manufacturing method of the electric connector includes injection molding for three times, and the manufacturing method is not only simple and low in punching difficulty but also convenient for injection molding.

The invention relates to a method for initializing a call between the dual-mode mobile terminals of PHS and GSM, in which, if there is a call of one mode-service as the time of both the service modes are on, the call does not access normal procedure before the radio frequency of the other mode-service is turned off. When the call is removed, the relevant radio frequency which has been closed will be reinitialized. The described turning off and reinitializing functions are realized through sending internal signals. When calling, only one system is operating, so no signal interference will happen to each other.

The object is to provide a tire condition monitoring system in which power consumption upon output of information by the tire side communication device can be reduced as compared with the conventional tire condition monitoring systems. According to the present inventive tire condition monitoring system 10, the tire side communication devices 20 superimpose detection information on the electromagnetic waves, delivering the electromagnetic waves as surface waves of the tire wheel 12 and vehicle body 15. Accordingly the power comsumption in output of information can be reduced as compared with the conventional tire condition monitoring systems. Consequently, the size of the microcell 30 used in the tire side communication device 20 can be downsized and the life of the microcell 30 can be longer. More specifically, the tire condition monitoring system 10 of the embodiment consumes -10 dBm (0.1 mW) at the time of information output although a conventional system consumes 3 dBm (2 mW). Thus, the power consumption in inforrmation output can be reduced to one twentieth of that of the conventional system.

The invention provides a shift register and an LCD device using the shift register. The LCD device comprises an LCD panel, a data drive circuit and a scan drive circuit, wherein the data drive circuit is used for providing a data signal to the LCD panel; the scan drive circuit is used for providing a scan signal to the LCD panel; and the data drive circuit and the scan drive circuit respectively comprises a shift register for controlling the output sequence of the data signal and the scan signal. The shift register comprises a plurality of shift register units sequentially serially connected with each other, wherein each shift register unit includes a clock signal input pin, a reverse clock signal input pin, a signal input pin, a signal output pin, a high-level power supply pin, a low-level power supply pin and five transistors. The shift register has less occupation area of a circuit layout and can output signals free of superposition without using the shift register unit of the subsequent level as the feedback signal of the shift register of the previous level. The LCD device has good display.

The invention discloses a pumping concrete equipment management control method and a pumping concrete equipment management control device. The method comprises the following steps: step A, a control command for starting pumping concrete equipment is sent to an equipment management server by a remote controller; step B, the equipment management server verifies the control command; step C, the equipment management server sends a self-check command to the pumping concrete equipment when the control command is approved through verification; and step D, the pumping concrete equipment completes corresponding operation under the control of the remote controller if the pumping concrete equipment completes self-check items of the self-check command. By implementing the pumping concrete equipment management control method and the pumping concrete equipment management control device of the invention, each piece of equipment is controlled by one remote controller, signal interference is avoided, and the safety is improved. Moreover, the remote controller is provided with a display screen, so that the working state of the pumping equipment can be displayed in time, operators can know the working state of the pumping equipment in time, and the operability is improved.

The invention discloses a heat radiation structure for an electronic component. The heat radiation structure comprises a shielding shell, two mute fans, a heat conduction rubber layer and a heat conduction metal sheet; a PCB plate is arranged in the shielding shell; the PCB plate is provided with the electronic component; one mute fan is arranged on the top of the shielding shell and the other mute fan is arranged in the position of a diagonal line of the side part of the shielding shell to form air convection; the heat conduction rubber layer is arranged on the top of the electronic component; the heat conduction metal sheet is arranged on the top of the heat conduction rubber layer; a heat conduction groove is formed in the heat conduction metal sheet; and the heat conduction groove is formed by a plurality of metal strips arranged in parallel. By adoption of the structure and due to the setting of the heat conduction groove in the conduction metal sheet, the heat conduction structure is light in weight, large in heat conduction contact area, and rapid in heat conduction; meanwhile, the two mute fans can take away the heat absorbed by the heat conduction metal sheet in the convection manner; and in addition, due to the setting of the shielding shell and the heat conduction rubber layer, the electronic components can be separated mutually in heat conduction without causing signal interference.

The invention discloses a method for characterizing a second phase of ferromagnetic alloy powder. The method comprises the following steps: with foamed nickel or nickel mesh filled with ferromagneticpowder as an anode, separating the second phase of the ferromagnetic alloy powder from a powder matrix through electrolysis to obtain an electrolyte containing the second phase; then, performing magnetic separation, diluting by using absolute ethanol and performing ultrasonic dispersion, then dripping onto an ultra-thin carbon supporting membrane and drying to prepare a TEM detection sample; then,performing structural observation and characterization by using a TEM. By the method, the morphology, the structure, the size and other characteristics of the second phase smaller than 0.5[mu]n, especially the second phase with the size being smaller than 50nm, in the ferromagnetic alloy powder can be characterized; the second phase obtained through separation retains the original structure; themethod is simple and high in efficiency; an electrolysis condition is easy to obtain; the repeatability is strong; the method can applied to analysis and characterization of the second phases of various powdery materials.

The invention provides an indoor wireless coverage transmission system based on DTV-VLC. The system comprises a power supply, a plurality of LED lamps, a PLC coupler, a home multimedia gateway and a DTV signal source, wherein the LED lamps, the PLC coupler and the home multimedia gateway are electrically connected with the power supply; when receiving a broadcast signal of a wired household DTV signal source, the home multimedia gateway decodes at first to obtain DTV program data stream, and then carries out coded modulation and framing according to a DTMB standard again; when receiving a ground DTMB signal, the home multimedia gateway directly forwards the ground DTMB signal through a VLC (visible light communication, Visible Light Communication) channel; finally, downlink signals of the LED lamps are demodulated and decoded by a DTV-VLC receiving terminal unit in a receiving unit; in a wireless coverage transmission process of the DTV-VLC, a TDS-OFDM signal from the home multimedia gateway and acquired by demodulating the DTMB is coupled to a power line by the PLC coupler at first, is transmitted on the power line to drive the LED to transmit a light signal carrying information, and if collected by a light sensor of the receiving terminal at last.

The invention discloses a magnetic type connector. The magnetic type connector comprises an insulating body, a plurality of conductive terminals retained in the insulating body and magnetic elements located at two sides of the plurality of conductive terminals; the insulating body is provided with a butting region arranged at the front end, the plurality of conductive terminals are arranged in thebutting region and comprise contact parts exposed to the butting region; the magnetic type connector further comprises a metal shell arranged at the periphery of the butting region in an enclosing manner and surrounds the conductive terminals; the magnetic elements comprise a first magnetic element and a second magnetic element with opposite magnetic poles located at the two opposite sides of themetal shell; through the first magnetic element and the second magnetic element with the opposite magnetic poles, the magnetic type connector can only be butted in the positive direction, meanwhile,the conductive terminals accommodated in an accommodating space of the metal shell can be prevented from being interfered by external signals.

The present invention discloses a self-power built-in reinforcement meter sensor for structure detection. The self-power built-in reinforcement meter sensor comprises a protective cover, an inertia generator arranged in the protective cover, a reinforcement meter sensor, an anchor bar, a wireless module and other function modules. The self-power built-in wireless data transmission reinforcement meter is able to realize the self power of the system, measure stress parameters of the reinforcing steel bars in the structure by the reinforcement meter, and transmit measured data to an external receiver through the wireless module; the system is able to perform self power with the structure displacement, the generated electric quantity may be supplied to the system for normal work and may charge a storage battery. According to the invention, the structure design is reasonable, the processing, the manufacture, the installation and the arrangement are convenient, the usage operation is simple, the measured data is real and reliable, and there are not provided wires to influence the measurement data, so that data may be truly and accurately transmitted to a terminal system for data processing, and the problems are effectively solved that the traditional measurement mode depends on the wires and the influences such as signal attenuation, signal interference and the like are brought by the wires.

The invention belongs to the field of ultrasonic range finding and particularly relates to an ultrasonic range finding obstacle avoidance system, comprising a control processing unit, a serial port circuit, a power management module, a multichannel ultrasonic transceiver circuit and a CAN transceiver circuit, wherein the control processing unit is connected with the ultrasonic transceiver circuit,the serial port circuit, the power management module, and the CAN transceiver circuit; the power management module is used for supplying power to the ultrasonic transceiver circuit, the CAN transceiver circuit, and the control processing unit; the control processing unit is configured to communicate with a main control system and to control the operation of each module; the ultrasonic transceivercircuit is used for detecting an obstacle and measuring a distance; an isolation transformer drives a ultrasonic transmission circuit to match an adaptive transmission pulse control algorithm, so that the detection distance of the ultrasonic range finding obstacle avoidance system is increased, a transducer is driven by ultra-high voltage, and the power for transmitting ultrasonic waves is sufficiently large, thereby achieving higher detection sensitivity than that of a conventional driving method.

Embodiments of the invention relates to the technical field of logistics, in particular to an express cabinet and an express system. The express cabinet comprises a master lock control board, a secondary lock control board, and a cabinet body. The master lock control board and the secondary lock control board are in wireless connection; the cabinet body comprises a main cabinet and a secondary cabinet; and the master lock control board is used for controlling the main cabinet to be opened to store or take out articles, and the secondary lock control board is used for controlling the secondarycabinet to be opened to store or take out articles. According to the express cabinet and the express system, circuit is simplified.

The invention discloses a signal ranging and positioning method. In the positioning system provided by the invention, given that a plurality of transmitters simultaneously transmit positioning signals for seeking positional information, in order to avoid interference among the positioning signals, a multi-access method is in need of design, which means to use optimal ranging and positioning signals. The method provided by the invention can be used for occupying the widest bandwidth and concentrating energy at two ends of the bandwidth, with the generated signals having the highest distance estimation accuracy; meanwhile, as for the positioning system in which the plurality of transmitters simultaneously transmit signals, the positioning signals of the transmitters are required to have a substantially equal ranging accuracy; and therefore, the optimal positioning and ranging signals (for a mean square bandwidth) occupy almost the entire bandwidth, with neither frequency overlap nor mutual signal interference.

The invention discloses a wireless mouse control system based on ZigBee communication. The system comprises a computer, a ZigBee receiver, and a wireless mouse. The number of the wireless mouse is at least one. The wireless mouse comprises a control module, and a ZigBee sending module which is connected with the control module and is provided with a ceramic patch antenna. The ZigBee receiver comprises a ZigBee receiving module with a ceramic patch antenna, and a USB-to-serial port module. The wireless mouse and the ZigBee receiver realize communication through ZigBee wireless signals. The ZigBee receiver and the computer realize communication through a USB interface on the computer. The system uses ZigBee wireless communication to realize data transmission, and is low in power consumption, large in transmission range, good in anti-interference capability, and high in communication efficiency. The system realizes that one computer can connect with a plurality of mouses for ZigBee communication, operation is more convenient, and signal interference does not exist among the mouses, and the system is stable in signal transmission.

Under condition of dual stand by in TD-SCDMA and GSM two systems, when calling event occurs at module in one system, first, mobile terminal closes down radio frequency of module in the system, where no calling occurs; then, carries out normal call flow. When the call is eliminated, the method turns on the closed radio frequency of the module in the system so as to get back to stand by state. In calling time, the invention only runs one system, thus, signal interference will not occur so as to guarantee quality of call.

The invention discloses an all-fiber sensing belt conveyor weighing device and a weighing method thereof. The weighing device comprises a belt conveyor belt (1), a weighing frame (2), a belt conveyor rolling wheel (3), a fiber weighing sensor, a speed fiber sensor, a fiber splicing box (8) and a control room (16). The belt conveyor rolling wheel (3) is arranged on the weighing frame (2). The belt conveyor belt (1) is arranged on the belt conveyor rolling wheel (3). The fiber weighing sensor is arranged on the weighing frame (2). The speed fiber sensor is connected with the belt conveyor rolling wheel (3). The fiber weighing sensor and the speed fiber sensor are respectively connected with the fiber splicing box (8) via fibers. The fiber splicing box (8) and the control room (16) are connected via the fibers. The control room (16) processes the received signals and displays weighing weight and belt speed. The weighing device is suitable for more accurate weighing of bulk materials in dusty, moist and corrosive operation occasions and / or flammable and explosive operation occasions.