The invention discloses a case temperature control device. The device comprises a fixing frame, wherein one side of the fixing frame is provided with an exhaust fan, the other side of the fixing frameis provided with a circuit board, the circuit board is provided with a central processing unit, a display, a temperature sensor I, a temperature sensor II, a real-time clock, a TF card and a power supply module for supplying power to the central processing unit; a motor of the exhaust fan, the display, the temperature sensor I, the temperature sensor II, the real-time clock and the TF card are electrically connected with the central processing unit; a movable plate is arranged on the other side of the fixing frame; a through hole II matched with the display is formed in the movable plate; a cavity is formed between the movable plate and the fixing frame; and a filter screen is arranged in the cavity. According to the invention, the rotating speed of the exhaust fan can be adjusted according to the temperature difference between the interior and the exterior of the case, and energy is saved; the temperature of the case and the running state of the fan are effectively monitored, the time when the temperature exceeds the limit value, the temperature data inside and outside the case and the rotating speed of the exhaust fan are recorded in the TF card, and post-analysis is facilitated.