The present invention provides a disc brake pad steel backing polishing and de-rusting device. The device is characterized by comprising a double-head polishing mechanism and a double-position rotary workbench. The double-head polishing mechanism comprises a rack, a middle sliding plate, an upper sliding plate, a horizontal cylinder and a support thereof, a vertical cylinder and a support thereof, two belt speed adjusting motor power heads and dish-like soft steel wire grinding wheels. The double-position rotary workbench is composed of a pedestal, a single-vane oscillating cylinder, a workbench main shaft, a bearing, rotating workbenches and steel backing clamps. Polishing and de-rusting of brake pads by double power heads and double positions, the production efficiency is raised, the labor intensity is reduced, safety accidents are avoided, the workpiece polishing quality is promoted, processing semi-automation is realized, and automation line production of the brake pads is facilitated.