The invention relates to a concrete pole rebar quality tester and a detection method by using the tester. The tester is composed of a fixed stand, an exciter, a rotary encoder, a cell box, a signal preprocessor, an ARM (analog digital conversion) processor, a magnet measuring element and the like, wherein the fixed stand can be sheathed on a concrete pole to be tested, and the magnet measuring element and the exciter are installed together. When the concrete pole rebar quality tester is used for detection, the fixed stand is tightly sheathed on the concrete pole to be tested; the clip of the cell box is clamped on the belt of an inspector; the exciter magnetizes the rebar to generate back magnetic flux; the magnet measuring element measures the back magnetic flux passing through an armature; and the back magnetic flux is relevant to the diameter, the amount, the position, the corrosion and the like of the rebar, i.e. the back magnetic flux is converted into an electrical signal, is amplified, filtered and the like by the signal preprocessor, is subjected to analog digital conversion by the ARM processor and is analyzed to obtain a parameter which needs to be detected. The tester disclosed by the invention is simple to manufacture and is convenient to operate, the rebar in the concrete pole can be detected, the diameter, the position, the amount and the corrosion degree of the rebar can be accurately judged, and the detection method is scientific and reasonable.