62 results about "Droplet evaporation" patented technology

A method and apparatus for measuring particle concentration and size distribution of particles in liquids. The method involve separating dissolved and particulate residues in liquids for determination of the size and concentration of the particulate species. The method includes the steps of forming an aerosol from the liquid sample to be analyzed, evaporating the droplets in the aerosol to dryness, and detecting the particles. An apparatus for separating dissolved and particulate residues in liquids for determination of the size and concentration of the particulate species is also disclosed. The apparatus includes a droplet former, a dryer communicatively connected to the droplet former, and a detector communicatively connected to the evaporator for detecting particles.

The invention discloses an experimental device for evaporating and igniting droplets under the high-temperature high-pressure environment and a use method thereof. The experimental device comprises a sealed pressure container, a high-temperature combustion chamber and an ignition device, wherein the sealed pressure container is enclosed by an upper sealing cover, a lower sealing cover and side plates; the high-temperature combustion chamber comprises a heating layer, and the bottom of the high-temperature combustion chamber is provided with a lifting control guide rail for driving the high-temperature combustion chamber to lift and fall. When in use, the experimental device is divided into two spaces by the high-temperature combustion chamber, i.e., a normal-temperature and high-pressure space in the sealed pressure container with larger space and a high-temperature high-pressure space in the high-temperature combustion chamber with smaller internal space, so that the heating space is small, the heating is fast, the efficiency is high and the electric energy needed by heating is saved. The device is also provided with the ignition device, so that not only be the droplet evaporation experiment can conducted, but also the droplet ignition combustion experiment can be conducted. Further the automatic lifting and falling of the combustion chamber are realized by utilizing the lifting control guide rail, droplets are in the high-temperature high-pressure environment timely and fast, the difficulties that the droplets are evaporated under the high-temperature and high-pressure environment and are volatilized in advance when in ignition experiment are solved and the experimental accuracy is high.

The invention provides a space water droplet positioning substrate. The surface of the substrate is provided with a film with an alternating structure of a hydrophilic region and a hydrophobic region, wherein the hydrophilic region can be designed to be of any geometric shape; the hydrophobic region encircles the hydrophilic region, and achieves an effect of limiting a water droplet. According to the invention, the defects that the size of a droplet, a contact angle of the droplet and the like cannot be limited effectively in traditional droplet evaporation are overcome; a novel substrate material is provided for droplet evaporation, is beneficial to fluid management in space, and also can be applied to positioning and quantitative research of biological reaction containers and the like; a preparation method is simple, convenient and effective; the hydrophilic and hydrophobic alternating region structure can be controlled; the size is precise to be micron order, and the space water droplet positioning substrate and the preparation method are suitable for multiple substrate materials.

A method and apparatus for measuring dissolved residue concentrations and particulate residue particle concentrations and size distribution in liquids, particularly colloidal suspensions. The method involves separating dissolved and particulate residues in liquids for subsequent analysis of the residue species. The method includes the steps of forming an aerosol from the liquid sample to be analyzed, evaporating the droplets in the aerosol to dryness, detecting and sizing the particles, and determining the liquid volumetric inspection rate. An apparatus for separating dissolved and particulate residues in liquids for determination of the concentrations of the two residue species as well as the size distribution of the particulate species is also disclosed. The apparatus includes a droplet former, a dryer communicatively connected to the droplet former, and a detector communicatively connected to the evaporator for detecting and sizing particles.

The invention discloses an acoustic levitation multi-droplet evaporation and combustion experiment device and method and relates to the technical field of internal combustion engine combustion detection. The device comprises an acoustic levitation device, an evaporation combustion chamber (1), an acoustic levitation control system and a control unit (2), wherein the evaporation combustion chamber (1) is connected with the acoustic levitation device, and the control unit (2) is connected with the evaporation combustion chamber (1) through a wire; the acoustic levitation device comprises a frequency converter (7) and a reflector (13); the acoustic levitation control system comprises a signal generator (8), a power amplifier (10) and a power meter (12). By the device, the experimental researches of the evaporation and combustion features of multiple tiny droplets under a deformation-free condition can be achieved.

A system for delivering a controlled and stable flow of vaporizable source material for use in semiconductor manufacturing applications. The system includes a droplet generator, which includes a plurality of nozzles and a pressure producing means. When sufficient pressure is applied to a liquefied or liquefiable source material, droplets of the source material are generated and ejected from the nozzles into a downstream processing tool or source / vaporization chamber. The pressure is applied either through the use of a heating element or an electromechanical transducer.

The invention provides a droplet evaporation test device comprising a shooting system, a heating device and a micro sample injector; the heating device comprises a heating coil, the top of the heatingcoil is provided with a through hole, and the micro sample injector passes through the through hole, then extends into the heating coil and does not make contact with the inner wall of the heating coil; the micro sample injector is hung on an iron stand; the interior of the heating device is provided with a temperature regulator for regulating the temperature inside the heating coil; the shootingsystem comprises a high speed video camera and a diffused light source, and the high speed video camera is located at one side of the heating coil and is used for shooting droplets produced by the micro sample injector; the diffused light source is located at the other side of the heating coil. The droplet evaporation test device also comprises a pressure chamber and a pressurization system. An evaporation state of fuel oil in a combustion chamber can be truly simulated through the heating device and the pressure chamber, and the problem that suspension droplets are evaporated under high temperature and high pressure environments of a combustion chamber is solved.

The invention relates to a system and a method for measuring droplet evaporation rate. The system comprises an image acquisition module, an image processing module and an evaporation rate computation module, wherein the image acquisition module comprises a CCD camera and an image acquisition card, the CCD camera is used for monitoring and shooting droplets and transmitting captured PAL analog video streams to an image acquisition card, and the image acquisition card is used for decoding and synchronously separating the PAL analog video streams and then transmitting digital droplet image signals to the image processing module; the image processing module is used for analyzing the digital droplet image signals of single-frame images captured at a time interval of delta t to obtain the contour line of droplet images at the moment of t and transmit the contour line to the evaporation rate computation module; and the evaporation rate computation module utilizes an intervalometer to compute the evaporate rate of the droplets in unit area and unit time. The invention combines the characteristics of image processing and simultaneously utilizes the strong data-handling capacity of a DSP, thus being capable of giving the evaporate rate of the droplets at a certain moment in real time.

The invention discloses a device and a method for studying droplet evaporation and combustion characteristics in a turbulent mode. The device comprises a combustion chamber, a temperature controller,a high speed camera, a data acquisition instrument, a computer, a high pressure gas cylinder and the like. The combustion chamber is an area where droplets complete evaporation or combustion, and is connected to the temperature controller and the computer. The temperature controller controls a current flowing through a heating wire, and then controls a temperature of the combustion chamber. The high speed camera records an evaporation or combustion process of the droplets. The data collector records gas phase temperature changes around the droplets during the combustion process. The high pressure gas cylinder is connected to the combustion chamber and inflates the combustion chamber to achieve high pressure and different atmosphere environments in the combustion chamber. By using the device and the method for studying the droplet evaporation and combustion characteristics in the turbulent mode, the temperature of the combustion chamber can be arbitrarily adjusted and maintained, and turbulent flow and high pressure environments in the combustion chamber can be realized so as to ensure a diversity of experimental variables and accuracy of experimental results.

The invention relates to a high-temperature high-pressure lubricant oil single-liquid-droplet evaporation and ignition device and a using method thereof, and belongs to the experimental technical field of evaporation and spontaneous combustion of highly-viscous and easily-coking liquid droplets. A sealed high-pressure outer container of the experimental device is high-pressure environment, and aninternal high-temperature chamber is high-temperature and high-pressure environment, and has a small heating space and high heating efficiency. A liquid droplet suspension device adopts a cross quartzwire method, and utilizes the characteristics of high viscosity of oil droplets to achieve the drop of the oil droplets on a cross quartz wire at a short distance to complete the suspension. The problem that the liquid droplets volatilize in advance after entering the high temperature chamber is solved, and experimental accuracy is improved. A worm gear transmission device is additionally arranged to complete automatic fixed-angle rotation of a quartz wire support to realize automatic exchange of the quartz wire support after the evaporation and spontaneous combustion coking of the oil droplets, a liquid droplet support can be fed in rapidly periodically in high-temperature environment by a lift cylinder, the problem of difficulty in changing the liquid droplet support after the coking ofthe liquid droplet support is solved, the time for each group of experiments is shortened, and the experiments are more accurate and convenient.

The invention discloses a test device of droplet evaporation and ignition based on dielectric barrier discharge. The device comprises a test chamber, a high-voltage power supply, a droplet injector, three L-shaped metal rods, a metal reticular cylinder, two metal bars, a high-voltage metal screen and a low-voltage metal plate, wherein a metal wire is arranged in the rod core of a droplet hanging rod in the droplet injector, and the droplet hanging rod is coated with quartz or ceramic; a first bottom end of the L-shaped metal rods is connected with the metal reticular cylinder; both a second bottom end of the L-shaped metal rods and a third bottom end of the L-shaped metal rods can both be detachably connected with the metal bars or the high-voltage metal screen or the low-voltage metal plate. By changing the installation mode of the L-shaped metal rods and the connection mode of the high-voltage power supply, three kinds of electrode arrangement modes can be realized, including coaxial electrode arrangement, parallel stigma electrode arrangement and parallel screen electrode arrangement. The test device of droplet evaporation and ignition based on dielectric barrier discharge has the advantages of improving the current situation of slow ignition, difficult ignition and unstable flame of liquid propellants, especially hydrocarbon liquid fuel, and realizing the active control of working medium evaporation and ignition process of the liquid propellants.

The invention discloses a droplet evaporation and combustion device with observation and shooting convenience and an experimental method and belongs to the technical field of combustion experimental devices. The device comprises a sealing device, a gas supply mechanism, an ignition mechanism and a thermocouple propulsion mechanism. The gas supply mechanism provides gas for the sealing device. Theignition mechanism is used for ignition of fuel. The thermocouple propulsion mechanism comprises a thermocouple, a pushing trolley and a driving mechanism. The thermocouple is mounted on the pushing trolley. A sensing end of the thermocouple stretches out of the pushing trolley. The driving mechanism is connected to the pushing trolley and is used for driving and controlling the motion of the pushing trolley. The device is suitable for studying droplet evaporation or flame change during evaporation or combustion of droplets. The device has a simple overall structure, is easy to operate, produces small experimental result errors and produces accurate and reliable results.

The present invention is directed to simulating a droplet of a fluid, and may be embodied in a system, method or a computer-readable medium encoded with instructions for a processor to carry out such simulation. The present invention may evaluate differential equations, which may represent an approximation of behavior over time of the droplet on a non-flat substrate. The behavior that the differential equations represent may include diffusion in the droplet and evaporation of the droplet.

The invention relates to the technical field of perovskite single-crystal photoelectric devices, in particular to an all-photon cryptographic primitive preparation method based on a high-flux perovskite micro-single-crystal array. The method comprises the following steps of: regulating and controlling the atmosphere of a high-flux micro-droplet evaporation recrystallization solvent to control the environment humidity and the temperature of a hot plate; and by means of a solution method, successfully achieving one-step evaporation self-assembly on a patterned array substrate, so as to efficiently prepare the shape-controllable high-flux perovskite nanorod single crystal array. Laser emission information and characteristics of the crystal array are collected and successfully applied to establishment of the all-photon cryptographic primitive PUF, and encryption and decryption of encrypted transmission information are achieved. The excellent chemical / structural stability of the high-flux all-inorganic perovskite single crystal dot matrix provides innate advantages for stable formation and reading of the password primitive, the preparation method is simple, the operation is flexible, and the high-flux perovskite single crystal array is certainly promoted to enter a new step in the application of the all-photon password primitive.

This invention enables a sensitivity enhancement in the detection of molecular compounds. A mass spectrometry analyte support with nanotube anchors are used to concentrate MALDI samples, specifically samples prepared with water-insoluble matrix compounds, on the anchor spot. The surface structure is established through patterned carbon nanotube anchor growth, providing a nucleation center for analyte and reducing sample precipitation on the surrounding MALDI wafer. Also disclosed is a method of creating a mass spectrometry support using patterned metal catalyst to grow carbon nanotubes. The carbon nanotubes enhance nucleation on specific areas of a sample plate to concentrate analyte / matrix deposit during droplet evaporation.

A system and method for simulating a droplet on a substrate with a moving contact line. The height of the droplet above the substrate is represented as a height function. A height evolution equation represents how the height of a droplet with moving contact line varies over time. The height function at a first point in space and a first point in time is calculated. An extrapolated height value at the first point in time is based on the height function at the first point in space and the first point in time, and the contact line at the first point in time. The extrapolated height value is at a second point in space below the substrate. The height evolution equation is used to calculate the height function at a second point in time based upon the extrapolated height value at the first point in time.

The invention is suitable for the field of icing wind tunnel icing cloud calculation, and provides a MVD measurement method for complex icing cloud mist in a large-scale icing wind tunnel. A function relationship between a hot line unit droplet evaporation ratio and MVD is obtained through experiment and calibration under typical working conditions, and subsequent MVD calculation is carried out by using the relationship. According to the method, the liquid water content is measured by adopting the multi-hot-wire unit, the droplet evaporation ratio of the hot-wire unit is calculated based on the liquid water content, and the MVD value is calculated by utilizing the relationship between the droplet evaporation ratio of the hot-wire unit and the MVD. According to the method, the volume median diameter of the liquid drop in the icing cloud can be quickly and efficiently calculated, and the icing wind tunnel cloud measurement test efficiency is greatly improved.

The present invention is directed towards systems, methods and a computer-readable medium for simulating the evolution of a height of an evaporating droplet. The simulation includes a simulation space with boundary conditions. The simulation includes generating a height function that is representative of the height of the droplet at a first point in time at a plurality of points in the simulation space based upon a lubrication equation that is a differential function describing variation of the height function over time. The simulation determines the height function at a second point in time by finding an approximate solution that satisfies the lubrication equations and boundary conditions.

This invention enables a sensitivity enhancement in the detection of molecular compounds. A mass spectrometry analyte support with nanotube anchors are used to concentrate MALDI samples prepared with water-insoluble matrix compounds on the anchor spot. A matrix solution mixed with analyte molecules is spotted onto a specialized MALDI plate using carbon nanotubes to selectively nucleate the analyte. The spot diameter of the target is usually several orders of magnitude larger than traditional supports, and led to lateral concentration for non-aqueous based matrices and produced a final dried matrix / analyte spot that was approximately the diameter of the laser spot at the point of investigation. The carbon nanotubes enhance nucleation on specific areas of a sample plate to concentrate analyte / matrix deposit during droplet evaporation, and demonstrate an increase in signal to noise ratio and an improved detection capability of low analyte concentrations compared to the standard MALDI preparation technique.

The present invention is directed to simulating evaporation of a droplet of a fluid, and may be embodied in a system, method or a computer-readable medium encoded with instructions for a processor to carry out such simulation. The present invention solves equations, which may represent an approximation of evaporation of the droplet on a domain whose size is varying over time. The boundaries of saturation regions are tracked and updated over time, and the equations are iteratively solved with the new boundaries of the saturation regions.

The embodiments in the invention provide a single droplet evaporation experimental device. The device comprises a first cavity and a second cavity, wherein the first cavity is arranged directly abovethe second cavity and connected with the second cavity by a vertical channel, a droplet generating module is arranged in the first cavity for generating single droplets having good consistency and causing the single droplets to drip through the channel to the second cavity under the action of gravity, the second cavity is provided with quartz hanging silks which are arranged below the lower opening of the channel for hanging single droplets dripped from the first chamber. Since the single droplets are dripped from the first cavity, it is not necessary to open any cavity to feed single dropletstherein, thereby realizing the problem of accurate generation and suspension of the droplets in a high pressure environment. Moreover, since it is not necessary to open any cavity, it does not interfere with the temperature and pressure environment in the cavity, so that the accuracy of generating single droplets is greatly improved.

Disclosed herein is a self-cleaning evaporation type humidification apparatus. The self-cleaning humidification apparatus is a floating drop evaporation type humidification apparatus of a new concept using a super hydrophobic surface, which provides safe humidification and does not require maintenance and repair, such as cleaning, by naturally or forcedly evaporating floating drops through control of the floating drops in the super hydrophobic surface based on the self-cleaning function, virus reproduction inhibition function, and water-repellant function of the super hydrophobic surface.

The invention discloses a method for detecting an evaporation process of droplet particles and measuring the evaporation rate of the droplet particles. The spherical droplet particles are illuminatedby two equal-intensity lamellar light beams oppositely, a focused two-point image or interference fringe pattern formed by scattered light of the particles is recorded in a 90-DEG scattering angle region, and the particle diameter d is obtained; a change relationship curve (d-t) of the particle size with the time is obtained according to the time-sequence focused two-point image or interference fringe pattern, and the droplet evaporation process is detected; the droplet evaporation rate is obtained by fitting the d2-t curve; the particle sizes at different times are squared and then subtracted, and the average evaporation rate of the droplets is calculated by the square difference of the particle sizes and the time intervals; the surface area and volume of the droplets at the time t are calculated, and the evaporation rate per unit surface area is calculated according to the surface area and volume changes of the droplets. The non-contact measurement has the advantages of simple principle, high measurement accuracy, high practicability and the like, and can be used for evaporation process and evaporation rate measurement of the droplet particles in spray atomization, spray combustion fields and chemical processes.

Provided in the invention are a desulfurization wastewater droplet evaporation test device and method. A flue gas outlet end of a coal-fired boiler is communicated with a lower inlet end of a buffer tank; a vent port is opened on the buffer tank; and an upper outlet end of the buffer tank is communicated with an upper inlet end of an evaporation chamber through a pipeline. A temperature and humidity sensor I is arranged in the pipeline. A nozzle is arranged at the upper space inside the evaporation chamber; a plurality of temperature and humidity sensors I are arranged inside the main body part of the evaporation chamber from top to bottom at equal intervals; a plurality of transparent observation windows are arranged on the side wall of the main body part of the evaporation chamber from top to bottom at equal intervals; a plurality of high speed cameras are installed at the plurality of observation windows; and a plurality of ultraviolet lamps are installed on the outer side of the evaporation chamber. An induced draft fan is arranged at the lower outlet end of the evaporation chamber. In addition, method includes: quenched and tempered flue gas is led into the evaporation chamber; a fluorescent agent is added into to-be-desulfurized wastewater and atomization is carried out, and then the processed water is guided into the evaporation chamber; and the droplet conditions at different positions are collected in real time by the high speed cameras. Therefore, whether the desulfurization wastewater droplets are evaporated completely is evaluated accurately; and the evaporationtime is tested accurately.

The present invention is directed towards systems, methods and a computer-readable medium for simulating the evolution of a height of an evaporating droplet. The simulation includes a simulation space with boundary conditions. The simulation includes generating a height function that is representative of the height of the droplet at a first point in time at a plurality of points in the simulation space based upon a lubrication equation that is a differential function describing variation of the height function over time. The simulation determines the height function at a second point in time by finding an approximate solution that satisfies the lubrication equations and boundary conditions.

The invention belongs to the technical field of organic material catalysis and in particular relates to a method for preparing a nanogold array with catalytic performance through rigid crosslinking. The method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a nanogold solution, and carrying out liquid droplet evaporation; (2) carrying out self-assembling and thermal annealing of a nanogold array; (3) carrying out crosslinking on nanogold and a rigid ligand, and carrying out substrate transferring treatment; and (4) carrying out a cycloaddition reaction on carbon dioxide and an epoxy compound under catalysis of the nanogold array. By adopting the method provided by the invention, catalysis activity can be improved through a weak electron donor effect and steric hindrance of rigid groups, and a plurality of exposed gold catalysis sites can be provided by the rigid crosslinking nanogold array of a two-dimensional structure. The rigid crosslinking nanogold array can be a good catalyst for a carbon dioxide cycloaddition reaction at normal pressure, develops a new way for application of nanogold arrays, and also develops a new idea for designing of multi-phase catalysts.

The invention discloses a gas interval-type droplet evaporation-resistant micro fluidic chip apparatus. The micro fluidic chip apparatus comprises a control probe; a liquid drop plate used for bearing the micro liquid drop; an evaporation-resistant cover plate with an enclosed hood covered on a liquid drop bearing surface of the liquid drop plate, wherein a through hole structure used for avoiding a control probe when the liquid drop is generated is arranged on the position of the evaporation-resistant cover plate facing to a liquid drop zone; an enclosed space is formed between the evaporation-resistant cover plate and the liquid drop plate, wherein the enclosed space is filled with gas; after the micro liquid drop is generated, an isolation gap is generated between an evaporation-resistant phase and the micro liquid drop; and the evaporation-resistant phase is sealed in the through hole structure or the end face of the through hole structure. The evaporation-resistant phase does not directly contact with the micro liquid drop, by using a method for using gas to space the evaporation-resistant phase and the micro liquid drop in a formed local enclosed space, the cross contamination problem between the micro liquid drop and the evaporation-resistant phase as well as the micro liquid drop and the micro liquid drop can be completely avoided, and the evaporation-resistant and interval problems of the micro liquid drop can be solved.

The invention discloses a multiparameter coupling droplet evaporation experiment channel. The channel is circular and comprises a fan section, a temperature adjustment section, a pressurization section, a flow adjusting section, a flow stabilizing section and an experimental section which are sequentially connected end to end, and an operation console, a heater and a radiation determinator are arranged in a test section. Compared with the prior art, the channel disclosed by the invention has the advantages that a fan, a heating wire and a booster pump are respectively connected with a controlsystem, power of the fan, the heating wire and the fan is controlled by virtue of a signal of an acquirer, and realization of stable states of wind speed, temperature and pressure in an evaporation chamber can be facilitated; the radiation determinator is mounted on a lifting operation console and at the same height with the lifting operation console, and radiation degree change in an evaporationprocess can be determined; a flow adjusting grating is arranged at a bend, so that airflow disturbance in the channel is smaller; a flow adjusting layer is arranged in the flow adjusting section, so that inlet air of the experimental section is more uniform; and a glass window is arranged in the outer wall of the evaporation chamber, and droplet form change in the evaporation process can be monitored in real time.

A heat exchanger for thermal management of an electronic device includes a liquid delivery layer thermally coupled to the electronic device and configured to receive a liquid from a source. The heat exchanger also includes an evaporation layer comprising hollow pillars configured to receive a continuous flow of the liquid from the liquid delivery layer and evaporate the continuous flow of the liquid from droplets maintained on the hollow pillars. Each hollow pillar has an evaporation surface and a pore configured to channel the continuous flow of the liquid through the hollow pillar to the evaporation surface. The evaporation surface being configured to maintain a droplet on the respective hollow pillar within a contact line. The evaporation surface has a wetting efficiency of at least about 95% and the contact line has a length of less than about 0.0314 mm.

The invention discloses a similar modeling method for a spray evaporation two-phase flow process, and belongs to the field of multiphase flow structures. According to the method for similar modeling of the spray evaporation two-phase flow process, the similar modeling method for the spray evaporation two-phase flow process in the high-temperature airflow is provided according to the idea that evaporation motion trails of liquid drops are similar through the thermodynamic mechanism of the evaporation motion process of the liquid drops in the high-temperature airflow and in combination with the multiphase flow theory. According to the similar modeling method provided for the spray evaporation two-phase flow process in the high-temperature airflow, the similarity of a spray diffusion structure and a droplet group evaporation movement track in the high-temperature airflow is theoretically described. Therefore, the spray evaporation two-phase flow process under the actual high-temperature condition is researched by carrying out a low-temperature parameter similar simulation test, and the problem that experimental research is difficult to carry out in the spray evaporation process under the actual high-temperature environment is solved; the similar modeling method provided by the invention is wide in applicable temperature parameter range and simple in model parameter determination and calculation process.