The invention provides a porous solid material supported ionic liquid-gold catalyst, as well as preparation and application thereof. The catalyst comprises a porous solid material carrier and a complex which is prepared from an ionic liquid and a metal ionic compound and is loaded on the carrier surface, wherein the metal ionic compound is a gold compound or a combination of a gold compound and a third metal chloride; the gold compound is selected from one of gold chloride, chloroauric acid, ethylenediamine gold chloride, chloro(triphenylphosphite)gold and chloro(triethylphosphine)gold; the third metal is selected from one of Cu, In, Bi, Ba, Sr, Fe, Mn, Zn, Co, Cs, K, Ca, Sn and Ni; and the ionic liquid is an imidazole ionic liquid. The porous solid material supported ionic liquid-gold catalyst has good chemical and thermal stability and high heat transmission efficiency in the reacting atmosphere for synthesizing vinyl chloride by ethyne hydrochlorination, and has the characteristics of high catalytic activity, high selectivity, good stability, low cost and the like.