The invention discloses a method for confinement preparation of high-dispersion palladium sub-nanometer particles through zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs). The method comprises the following technological steps that (1) metal nitrate and imidazole derivatives are ultrasonically dispersed in methyl alcohol, and then direct mixing, stirring, centrifugal separation, washing, ultrasonic dispersion and vacuum drying are conducted to obtain the ZIFs; (2) in ZIFs dispersion liquid, a pecursor solution of palladium chloride is added, and then decompression premixing, suction filtration, washingand vacuum drying are conducted to obtain Pd<2+>/ZIFs; and (3) in Pd<2+>/ZIFs dispersion liquid, decompression premixing is conducted, then a reduction agent, namely sodium borohydride, is added for reaction, and then suction filtration, washing and vacuum drying are conducted to prepare the ZIFs confinement loaded high-content and high-dispersion palladium sub-nanometer particles. The preparationmethod is simple, low in cost and environmentally friendly, and the prepared palladium sub-nanometer particles are even in size, good in dispersion and good in thermal stability, and can stably existin an organic solvent system and a water system.