The invention provides an adjusting and correcting method of a light path of a photoelectric system tracking-pointing precision measuring device. The measuring device is mainly composed of an opticalplatform, a laser light source, ground glass, a small-hole diaphragm, a beam splitter, a parallel light pipe collimating mirror, a high-frame-frequency CCD camera and the like, wherein the laser lightsource, the ground glass, the small-hole diaphragm, the beam splitter, the parallel light pipe collimating mirror, the high-frame-frequency CCD camera and the like are installed on the optical platform. By the adoption of a plane mirror, an optical autocollimation, a pentaprism and a theodolite, the positions of the laser light source, the small hole diaphragm and the high-frame-frequency CCD camera of the photoelectric system tracking-pointing precision measuring device are adjusted and corrected, the adjusting and correcting method has the advantages of being high in precision, easy to operate, convenient and visual, the problem of adjusting and correcting the light path of the photoelectric system tracking-pointing precision measuring device is solved, and not only is technological guarantee provided for the development of a space laser communication tracking-pointing technology, but also a reference basis is provided for designing a space laser communication system tracking-pointing precision measuring device.