The invention relates to the technical field of data processing, and specifically relates to a second-generation ID card cloud decoding method. The method comprises the following steps: S1, reading the identity information of a second-generation ID card; S2, decrypting, by a cloud server in network connection with a client, the identity information after receiving the identity information: S21, sending, by a request module, decryption request information to a control module, and controlling, by and the control module, a scheduling module to access an SAM module cluster; S22, feeding back, by the control module, address information of an idle SAMV module discovered by the scheduling module during the access to the request module; S23, sending, by the request module, the identity informationto the SAMV module through a network communication interface unit after receiving the feedback address information; S24, receiving, by the SAMV module, the identity information, sending, by a decryption service unit, a decryption service signal to a processing unit, and controlling, by processing unit, a decryption unit to decrypt the identity information; and S25, sending identity decryption information obtained after the decryption of the decryption unit back to the client through the network communication interface.