13 results about "Plant chromosomes" patented technology

The invention discloses a polyploidy breeding method for wheat plant genome doubling, which belongs to the technical field of plant breeding, and comprises the following steps: treating germinated wheat for 30 days under the conditions of low temperature of 2-7 DEG C and 24-hour illumination, then transplanting into soil, culturing for 45-55 days under the conditions that the temperature is 20-25 DEG C, the light-dark culture period is 20-22 hours, and the light-dark culture period is 2-4 hours, the illumination intensity is 10000-20000 lx, and the culture time is 20-30 days. Wherein the ratio of the red light to the blue light is 3: 2, obtaining a large number of chromosome group doubled seeds until the wheat grains are mature, and realizing wheat plant chromosome group doubling. Experiments prove that the method is easy to operate, toxic reagents are avoided, the period is short, and the efficiency of obtaining wheat with doubled chromosome groups is high.

The invention discloses a method for inhibiting cadmium accumulation of plants, which comprises the following steps of: down-regulating expression of phosphatase CPL1 in chromosome genomes of wild plants, inactivating, weakening functions or knocking out, so that transport of heavy metal Cd from plant roots to overground parts is inhibited and / or Cd accumulation of grains is reduced. The invention provides a genetic strategy for cultivation of low-Cd accumulation plants and creation of plant germplasm resources.

The invention discloses an H2A. Z1 protein and application of a coding gene of the H2A. Z1 protein in regulation and control of plant chromosome doubling. According to the invention, a model species poplar of a woody plant is taken as a research object, and a transgenic poplar with reduced H2A.Z1 gene expression quantity is constructed. Experiments prove that compared with wild poplar, the plant height and the stem node number of the transgenic poplar with reduced H2A.Z1 gene expression quantity are reduced, and the stem node length is increased. In addition, cells in stem and leaf organs of the transgenic poplar with reduced H2A.Z1 gene expression quantity become larger, cell chromosomes are doubled, and diploid is changed into tetraploid. The invention has important significance for researching polyploid breeding work of plants such as vegetables, important flowers, fruit trees and the like.

The present invention relates to a recombinant vector expressing the antisense of MdTFL1 and its uses. Transgenic plants produced by the Agrobacterium-mediated transformation method using the MdTFL1 antisense-expressing recombinant vector containing MdTFL1 in the reverse direction (antisense direction) of the present invention have the MdTFL1 antisense construct gene integrated into the plant's chromosome. Consequently, the phenotypes of the plant's structure, leaves, flowers, and fruits have changed, and the vegetative stage has been reduced, the heading date has been shortened, and seed production has increased. Therefore, the recombinant vector of the present invention can be usefully utilized for controlling the flowering response and shortening the breeding period of perennial crops.

The invention discloses an identification method of a sequence participating in potato centromere relocation, and belongs to the technical field of plant heredity and molecular biology. According to the method, T2T-level genome data and CENH3 ChIP-seq data of different haplotypes of potatoes are integrated, sequence screening, annotation and function prediction are carried out by utilizing a bioinformatics analysis tool, and a satellite DNA sequence which is 2-3Kbp in length, is highly conserved in the same haplotype and can be specifically combined with CENH3 protein is identified. The sequence can induce CENH3 to deposit in a non-native centromere area, so that functional relocation of centromere is realized, and a core molecular element and a technical support are provided for artificial centromere construction, plant chromosome engineering and accurate genome operation. The method solves the problems that in the prior art, a functional sequence for clearly inducing centromere relocation is lacked, a CENH3 targeted recruitment mechanism model is not established and the like, and has a wide application prospect.

This invention belongs to the field of plant sex identification technology, and particularly relates to the application of a molecular marker in identifying the sex of *Zephyranthes* plants. The molecular marker is linked to the Y chromosome of *Zephyranthes* plants and comprises a sequence having at least 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100% sequence identity with SEQ ID NO:1. The molecular marker provided by this invention can be tightly linked to the Y chromosome of *Zephyranthes* plants, thereby achieving the purpose of early and rapid sex detection. This has significant practical implications for sex selection and proportioning of ornamental garden plants, understanding and protecting endangered *Zephyranthes* germplasm resources, and improving the effectiveness of ex-situ and in-situ conservation management.

The invention relates to a cultivation method of cork tree polyploidy, and relates to the technical field of plant chromosome doubling. The method comprises the following steps: spraying an inducing solution to treat a top growing point of a balsa seedling at the seedling age of 15 days so as to induce chromosome doubling; wherein the inducing liquid comprises colchicine with the concentration of 0.1%-0.4% (w / v), and a preservative; 1 / 4 MS culture medium; 6-BA with the concentration of 3 mg / L; and a surfactant Silwet L-77 with a concentration of 0.1% (v / v), the spraying treatment is specifically as follows: an induction liquid is sprayed to the apical growth point once every 24 hours, spraying is carried out for three times in total, and the spraying amount each time enables the surface of the apical growth point to be uniformly wet and liquid drops do not drop. The method not only can effectively improve the polyploidy inductivity of balsa wood, but also can control a certain death rate of balsa wood seedlings, so that more polyploidy balsa wood plants can be obtained.

The application relates to a cultivation method of a lightwood polyploid and relates to the technical field of plant chromosome doubling. The method comprises the following steps: top growth points of lightwood seedlings with a seedling age of 15 days are treated by spraying an inducing liquid to induce chromosome doubling; wherein the inducing liquid comprises: 0.1%-0.4% (w / v) of colchicine, 1 / 4 MS culture medium, 3 mg / L of 6-BA and 0.1% (v / v) of a surfactant Silwet L-77; the spraying treatment is specifically as follows: the top growth points are sprayed with the inducing liquid once every 24 hours, and the spraying is performed for 3 times, and the spraying amount of each time is such that the top growth points are uniformly wetted and liquid drops do not drip. The method can not only effectively improve the lightwood polyploid induction rate, but also control a certain lightwood seedling mortality rate, so that more polyploid lightwood plants can be obtained.

The invention discloses a method for inhibiting Cd accumulation of plant grains by taking a CAG1 gene as a target, which comprises the following steps: down-regulating expression of CTD phosphatase CAG1 in a wild type plant chromosome genome, inactivating, weakening functions or knocking out, and reducing Cd accumulation of the plant grains. The invention provides a genetic strategy for cultivation of low-Cd accumulation plants and creation of plant germplasm resources.

The application discloses H2A.Z1 protein and related biomaterials in regulating plant chromosome doubling. H2A.Z1 The application takes a model species, poplar, as a research object, and constructs a transgenic poplar with reduced gene expression. H2A.Z1 Experiments prove that, compared with wild type materials, the transgenic poplar with reduced gene expression has reduced plant height and stem node number and increased stem node length. H2A.Z1 In addition, the cells in the stem and leaf organs of the transgenic poplar with reduced gene expression are large, and the cell chromosomes are doubled, changing from diploid to tetraploid. The application has important significance for researching polyploid breeding of vegetables, important flowers and fruit trees.

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural biology, in particular to application of a phloem bacillus Asian species LasSDE4425 gene in doubling plant chromosomes. The LasSDE4425 is stably expressed in eight plants of different families such as solanaceae, leguminosae, cruciferae, gramineae, cucurbitaceae and compositae, so that chromosomes of receptor plants are doubled, and the LasSDE4425 can be widely applied to creation of plant polyploid germplasm resources.

An application of an OBF1 transcription factor in chromosome doubling of a plant and a transgenic plant cultivation method are provided. The gene sequence of the OBF1 transcription factor is shown in SEQ ID NO: 1; and the plant includes petunias, tomatoes, and tobaccos. An OBF1 gene is introduced into plant cells or tissues, and under treatment with kanamycin, a chromosome-doubled transgenic cell line or plant is obtained; and the transgenic plant grows vigorously and exhibits resistance to biotic stress. After treatment according to the present invention, plants still easily self-pollinate, thus enabling efficient separation of doubled offspring plants, and the doubling trait can be stably inherited. This technology overcomes the plant teratogenicity and environmental safety problems faced by the use of prior technologies to double chromosomes in plants, having great significance in cultivating chromosome-doubled plant varieties and being suitable for use in the cultivation and identification of chromosome-doubled varieties.

The present application relates to the technical field of plant chromosome preparation, and specifically discloses a method for increasing the number of mitotic metaphase chromosomes of sugarcane or sugarcane relative genus root tips, comprising: soaking sugarcane or sugarcane relative genus stem double bud segments in an indole-3-acetic acid solution with a concentration of 60-120 mg / L, and culturing in sand or peat substrate; root tip pretreatment: culturing for 2-3 days, selecting healthy and tender root tips, and placing the root tips in saturated p-dichlorobenzene aqueous solution for low-temperature treatment at 8-12 DEG C for 3-5 h; using Carnoy's fixative for fixation; enzymolysis of the root tip growth point; smearing the root tip on a glass slide for preparation; and staining treatment. The method for preparing the present application can achieve the fastest time of only 4 days from root tip culture to chromosome observation, has a short cycle, high efficiency, is convenient and fast for sampling, has a large number of metaphase division phases in the chromosomes, clear morphology, a clean glass slide background, and is convenient for chromosome counting observation and karyotype analysis, and has important significance for the development of sugarcane cytogenetics research.