The invention discloses a sludge comprehensive treatment system and method and belongs to the technical field of sludge treatment. The system comprises a sludge crushing, conveying and spraying device, a plant liquid conveying and spraying device, a fluidized bed sand particle removal and deodorizing device, a fluidized bed drying and cooling device and a tail gas treatment device. Through the sludge crushing, conveying and spraying device, sand particle-containing sludge forms liquid drops with sizes of 150-200 microns, the mixed liquid drops are uniformly sprayed into the fluidized bed sand particle removal and deodorizing device, and through adjustment of a fluidization air rate, sand particles with sizes of 200 microns or less are removed from wet sludge. The sludge comprehensive treatment system and method solve the problems that sludge with high sand content causes problems in a sludge anhydration burning system and equipment wear, reduces enterprise operation and maintenance costs, prevents odor in a region of the sludge anhydration burning engineering project, reduces capital investment of odor guidance and removal, realizes sludge continuous drying and has a good engineering application prospect.