The invention discloses a fireproof ventilation capacitance compensation cabinet, which comprises a cabinet body, wherein the interior of the cabinet body is divided into an upper cabinet body and a lower cabinet body, the front end of the upper cabinet body is provided with an upper cabinet door, and the front end of the lower cabinet body is provided with a lower cabinet door; the cabinet body is provided with a fan; a lightning arrester, knife-fuse switches and current transformers are arranged inside the upper cabinet door, the knife-fuse switches are arranged above the current transformers; miniature circuit breakers, AC contactors, thermal relays and AC capacitors are arranged inside the lower cabinet body; a temperature sensor, a smoke sensor and a fire extinguisher are arranged in each of the upper cabinet door and the lower cabinet body; each fire extinguisher is provided with a spray pipe, the tail end of each spray pipe is provided with a sprayer, and each sprayer is provided with an electromagnetic valve; a controller is arranged inside the cabinet body, and the temperature sensors, the smoke sensors and the electromagnetic valves are electrically connected with the controller; and a storage battery is arranged inside the cabinet body, and the storage battery is electrically connected with the controller. The fireproof ventilation capacitance compensation cabinet has good ventilation and heat dissipation effects, can extinguish fire in the bud, and is high in safety.