85results about How to "Avoid large emissions" patented technology

To provide a phosphor for an electron beam excitation with a small deterioration in an emission efficiency and capable of maintaining a high luminance, even when an excitation density of an electron beam for a phosphor excitation is increased. As raw materials, Ca₃N₂(2N), AlN(3N), Si₃N₄(3N), and Eu₂O₃(3N) are prepared, and the raw materials thus prepared are measured and mixed, so that a molar ratio of each element becomes (Ca+Eu):Al:Si=1:1:1. Then, the mixture thus obtained is maintained and fired for at 1500° C. for 3 hours, and thereafter crushed, to manufacture the phosphor having a composition formula Ca_0.985SiAlN₃:Eu_0.015.

Provided are improved carbon monoxide removal articles and processes for treating hydrogen gas streams to achieve very low threshold levels of carbon monoxide. The articles have a substrate with an inlet end, an outlet end, a length extending between the inlet end to the outlet end, wall elements and a plurality of cells defined by the wall elements. A first layer is deposited on the wall elements from the inlet end and extending at least partially toward the outlet end. The first layer has a preferential carbon monoxide oxidation catalyst. A second layer contains a methanation catalyst, and is deposited on at least part of the first layer from the outlet end. The second layer has a length that is about 10–70% of the substrate length.

The invention provides processes for selectively oxidizing carbon monoxide from an input gas stream that contains carbon monoxide, oxygen and hydrogen. The process includes the step of contacting the input gas stream with a preferential oxidation catalyst. The preferential oxidation catalysts are copper-based catalysts containing low concentrations of platinum group metals. In some embodiments, the processes of the invention are conducted using preferential oxidation catalysts having an oxide support on which is dispersed copper or an oxide thereof, a platinum group metal and a reducible metal oxide. In other embodiments, the processes of the invention are conducted with a preferential oxidation catalysts having a cerium oxide support on which is dispersed copper or an oxide thereof and a platinum group metal.

The present invention relates to a semiconductor laser element and the like which can efficiently emit laser beams at a small emission angle using a simpler configuration. The semiconductor laser element has a structure where an n-type cladding layer, active layer and p-type cladding layer are sequentially laminated. The p-type cladding layer has a ridge portion for forming a refractive index type waveguide in the active layer. The ridge portion, at least the portion excluding the edges, extends in a direction crossing each normal line of both end faces of the refractive index type waveguide, which corresponds to the light emitting face and light reflecting face respectively, at an angle θ, which is equal to or less than the complementary angle θc of the total reflection critical angle on the side face of the refractive index type waveguide. The optical paths of light components which resonate in the refractive index type waveguide formed by the ridge portion having the above form are limited to optical paths where the lights are totally reflected on the side face of the refractive index type waveguide. In other words, the laser beams emitted from the light emitting end have a spatial horizontal single mode, and the waveguide width can be increased to further decrease the emission angle of the laser beams.

A vehicular projection display apparatus includes: an intermediate image forming optical member; a display device disposed to project light including a display image to the intermediate image forming optical member, and to form an intermediate image as a virtual image or a real image, and an HUD optical system which receives the light of the intermediate image formed by the intermediate image forming optical member, which guides the light to a reflecting face of a windshield of a vehicle or a light reflecting member in a vicinity of the windshield, and which projects the light to allow the display image to be visually recognized as a virtual image at a predetermined eye point. The intermediate image forming optical member forms the intermediate image in a state in which at least part of the intermediate image is curved from a flat plane with respect to the display device.

A vehicle headlamp has semiconductor-type light sources and lenses. Emission surfaces of the lenses are made of free curved faces controlled to be curved so that: projection images of light emitting chips of the semiconductor-type light sources, which is emitted from the emission surfaces, are not convexly curved in an upward direction from cutoff lines on a screen light distribution of a light distribution pattern for low beam. As a result, the vehicle headlamp can achieve downsizing, weight reduction, and cost reduction. In addition, the precision of assembling an optical element can be improved.

In a method and a pulse sequence determination device to determine a pulse sequence for a magnetic resonance system, control protocol parameter values are initially acquired. A determination of k-space trajectory node points within k-space then takes place in a processor on the basis of the control protocol parameter values. The determination of the pulse sequence then takes place on the basis of the k-space trajectory node points. A method for operating a magnetic resonance system uses such a pulse sequence, and a magnetic resonance system embodies such a pulse sequence determination device.

A light-emitting-element lighting circuit for dimming a light emitting element having a diode characteristic by a PWM dimming signal is provided. The lighting circuit includes a dimming signal conversion unit configured to generate the PWM dimming signal having a duty ratio corresponding to an emission level specified by an input dimming signal. The lighting circuit further includes a minimum current generating circuit configured to flow a minimum current during an OFF period of the PWM dimming signal generated by the dimming signal conversion unit such that a voltage greater than a threshold voltage designed to allow the light emitting element to emit a light is applied to the light emitting element, and the light emitting element emits a light of a brightness equal to or less than a lowest emission level specified by the dimming signal.

A cooling chamber 10 for a microtome 1 is disclosed. A knife 2 having a cutting edge 16 is arranged in the cooling chamber 10 opposite a sample holder 4 having a sample 4a retained therein. The microtome 1 further possesses a stereomicroscope 12 having an optical system 14, the optical system 14 defining an optical axis 11. The region of the sample 4a and of the cutting edge 16 of the knife 2 is observable with the stereomicroscope 12. There is mounted in the cooling chamber 10 an illumination system 20 that emits light 20a and is directed onto a surface 2a of the knife 2 in such a way that the light 20a reflects from the surface 2a parallel to the optical axis 11.

The invention relates to an alcohol type fermentation wastewater purification treatment and circulation method which comprises the following steps: removing solid impurities in alcohol type fermentation wastewater by using a centrifuge; further adjusting the pH value of the alcohol type fermentation wastewater after decontamination to 4.5-8.5 by using quick lime, leaving to stand and settle down,filtering, and carrying out solid-liquid separation; carrying out purification treatment on the settled alcohol type fermentation wastewater by using organic modified attapulgite clay which accounts for 1.0-5.0% of the mass of the alcohol type fermentation wastewater, adsorbing for 0.5-4.0 hours in a shaking bed at a normal temperature at normal pressure, and carrying out solid-liquid separation after adsorption is completed; feeding back the alcohol type fermentation wastewater after adsorption to a fermentation process, thereby achieving circulation. By adopting the method, the content of acid fermentation inhibitors is greatly reduced, the fermentation wastewater can be recycled for further fermentation, emission of wastewater in an alcohol production process can be avoided, meanwhile,activated carbon or a resin which is high in price is not used, and the organic modified attapulgite clay which is low in price is used instead, so that the alcohol type fermentation wastewater treatment cost can be lowered, and a novel method is provided for purification treatment and circulation of the alcohol type fermentation wastewater.

Provided is a honeycomb fired body in which the pressure loss in the initial state where PM has not accumulated is sufficiently low, the strength is sufficiently high, and the heat capacity is not small. The honeycomb fired body of the present invention is a honeycomb fired body including a plurality of cells in each of which one end is plugged and which serve as channels of exhaust gas, and porous cell partition walls that define the cells, wherein the honeycomb fired body is formed of SiC, the plurality of cells include peripheral cells located at an outermost peripheral region of the honeycomb fired body and inner cells located more inward than the peripheral cells, all the inner cells have the same cross-sectional shape that is a rectangle in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction thereof, each peripheral cell is defined by the cell partition walls and an outer wall forming a periphery of the honeycomb fired body, the cell partition walls in contact with the outer wall each have a thick wall region where the wall thickness gradually increases toward the outer wall, the cross-sectional shape of the peripheral cells in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction thereof is a shape formed by reducing the rectangular cross-sectional shape of the inner cells to obtain a reduced rectangle and chamfering or rounding two corners of the reduced rectangle, the cross-sectional area of each peripheral cell in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction thereof is 60 to 80% of the cross-sectional area of each inner cell in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction thereof, the cell partition walls include inter-peripheral-cell cell partition walls each located between the peripheral cells and inter-inner-cell cell partition walls each located between the inner cells, and the minimum thickness of the inter-peripheral-cell cell partition walls is greater than the thickness of the inter-inner-cell cell partition walls.