The invention provides a method for preparing an insulating foam glass ceramic material from lithium tailings. The method comprises the following steps: 1, the lithium tailings and cleaned cullet aresubjected to wet ball milling, dried and sieved by a 120-200-mesh sieve respectively; 2, the lithium tailings, the cullet, sodium fluoride, potassium carbonate and mirabilite are uniformly mixed in percentage by mass to serve as a base material; 3, a foaming agent is added to the base material, and a mixture is obtained; 4, uniformly mixed powder is placed into a refractory container, heated rapidly to 800 DEG C, then heated to 900-1050 DEG C at reduced rate for melting foaming, and subjected to heat preservation for 15 min; 5, after heat preservation, quenching is performed to 500-600 DEG C for annealing treatment for 1 h, slow cooling is performed, and a product is obtained after demolding and cutting. Through adoption of the method, the environmental problem in the slag treatment process is solved, production cost of the product is reduced, the product with high added value is prepared, and compared with other products, the product has high strength and good insulating performance.