The invention relates to a production control method for improving the curvature of a 42CrMo bar, and the method comprises heating, rolling and cooling control procedures. A walking beam furnace is adopted in the heating procedure, and the heating procedure sequentially comprises a preheating section, a first heating section, a second heating section and a soaking section, wherein the temperatureof the preheating section ranges from 600 DEG C to 720 DEG C, the temperature of the first heating section ranges from 950 DEG C to 1,060 DEG C, the temperature of the second heating section ranges from 1,060 DEG C to 1,130 DEG C, the temperature of the soaking section ranges from 1,080 DEG C to 1,120 DEG C, and the total heating time ranges from 120 min to 180 min. The 42CrMo bar produced by themethod has better curvature index and uniform structure, the quenching cracking ratio of the 42CrMo bar is reduced in the subsequent machining process, and the machining efficiency and the percent ofpass of user products are improved.