The invention discloses a quick extraction and detection method of diethyl yellow in dried bean curd, and relates to the technical field of food detection. The method comprises the following steps: determining characteristic raman peak 990+/-3 cm<-1> of the diethyl yellow; drawing a diethyl yellow standard curve; weighing the bean curd, mixing with diatomite and then adding in an extraction pond held with a cellulose membrane; filling the spare volume with Ottawa sand; extracting the diethyl yellow by using ASE (Accelerated Solvent Extraction) by using acetonitrile water solution with volume concentration of 75-85 percent as an extracting agent; evaporating, concentrating and extracting the solution until to dry, adding acetonitrile to dissolve, centrifuging, weighing supernatant, adding sodium chloride solution, oscillating and centrifuging, wherein the supernatant is to-be-tested sample solution; adding gold nanosol and an inorganic salt flocculant into the to-be-tested sample solution, uniformly shaking, and detecting the sample raman spectrum chart by using a raman spectrometer; performing qualitative and quantitative determination. The method has the characteristics of high extraction speed, full extraction, easiness in operation, accurate detection, quickness, no damage and low cost, and foods with problems can be effectively distinguished.