The invention discloses a high-precision quick exchange workbench which comprises a support frame, a rotary shaft, rotary tables and multiple installation tables. The support frame is formed by fixedly connecting two vertically-arranged supporting arms and a cross beam; the rotary shaft is horizontally arranged, the two ends of the rotary shaft are rotatably connected with the two supporting armscorrespondingly and driven to rotate through a driving part; the number of the rotary tables is two, and the rotary tables are symmetrically fixed on the two sides of the rotary shaft along the axis of the rotary shaft; the multiple installation tables are fixed on the rotary tables; the installation tables are used for installing parts to be machined; and when the rotary shaft rotates by 180 degrees, the positions of the installation tables on the two rotary tables can coincide. The rotary tables are driven to rotate through the rotation of the rotary shaft, the whole structure coincides onetime once the rotary shaft rotates by 180 degrees, the problem that time is wasted in numerical control machining of upper and lower parts is solved, meanwhile, the angle of every rotation of the rotary shaft is consistent, the control precision is high, and rotary table exchange is convenient, fast, stable and reliable.