The present invention provides a preparation method of an
interface layer for connecting dissimilar metals and a
welding method based on the
interface layer. The first step is to deposit a layer of AlNi
intermetallic compound film with a thickness of nanometers on the surface of steel by a vapor deposition method, and the AlNi
intermetallic compound has a simple cubic structure; the second step is to use the nanometer-scale AlNi
intermetallic compound film deposited on the surface of the steel as the
interface layer for connecting the
magnesium alloy and the steel; the third step is to use an ultrasonic
spot welding method to achieve the metallurgical connection of the
magnesium alloy / steel with a pre-set AlNi intermetallic compound layer, and to obtain the interface connection structure of the
magnesium alloy / AlNi intermetallic compound layer / steel by optimizing the
welding process parameters. The present invention controls the type and thickness of the interface layer by pre-setting the interface layer, and at the same time promotes the metallurgical reaction between the interface layer and the alloy elements of the parent materials on both sides, and maintains the
structural integrity of the interface layer. The method has the characteristics of adjustable type and thickness of the interface layer, is convenient for
mass production, and can expand the scope of application.