The invention discloses a method for information data collection and analysis of grassland degradation in river valleys. The specific steps include: acquiring NDVI data, acquiring DEM data, information processing, data conversion, vegetation coverage inversion, grassland degradation grade division, grassland degradation Cold / hot spot analysis, grassland degradation spatio-temporal change analysis, grassland degradation cold / hot spot distribution and evolution, valley grassland degradation altitude differentiation, grassland coverage analysis, grassland degradation factor analysis, the present invention can use the grassland degradation grade division map, from the whole The data analysis is more intuitive for areas with obvious grassland degradation levels in the above analysis; the cold / hot spot analysis shows that the spatial difference between grassland degradation and improvement is more obvious; through the grassland coverage analysis, it is possible to quantitatively analyze and express different coverage levels. Grassland degradation characteristics; through the analysis of climate temperature, rainfall and grazing conditions, the analysis of grassland degradation is more accurate.